Blood Plasma’s Protective Ability against the Degradation of S-Nitrosoglutathione under the Influence of Air-Pollution-Derived Metal Ions in Patients with Exacerbation of Heart Failure and Coronary Artery Disease

One of the consequences of long-term exposure to air pollutants is increased mortality and deterioration of life parameters, especially among people diagnosed with cardiovascular diseases (CVD) or impaired respiratory system. Aqueous soluble inorganic components of airborne particulate matter containing redox-active transition metal ions affect the stability of S-nitrosothiols and disrupt the balance in the homeostasis of nitric oxide. Blood plasma’s protective ability against the decomposition of S-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO) under the influence of aqueous PM extract among patients with exacerbation of heart failure and coronary artery disease was studied and compared with a group of healthy volunteers. In the environment of CVD patients’ plasma, NO release from GSNO was facilitated compared to the plasma of healthy controls, and the addition of ascorbic acid boosted this process. Model studies with albumin revealed that the amount of free thiol groups is one of the crucial factors in GSNO decomposition. The correlation between the concentration of NO released and -SH level in blood plasma supports this conclusion. Complementary studies on gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase activity and ICP-MS multielement analysis of CVD patients’ plasma samples in comparison to a healthy control group provide broader insights into the mechanism of cardiovascular risk development induced by air pollution

Wstępne badania nad przepływową zieloną chemią: reakcje enzymatyczne w środowisku CO2 w stanie superkrytycznym

Celem badań było skonstruowanie zamkniętego układu do prowadzenia reakcji enzymatycznych w środowisku CO2 w stanie superkrytycznym. Dotychczasowe badania nad zamkniętymi układami reakcyjnymi nie umożliwiały jednoczesnej produkcji, separacji oraz analizy powstałych związków. Znaleziono i przetestowano optymalny sposób przygotowania enzymów i uzyskano możliwość ich wielokrotnego użycia. W celu wykrycia możliwych zmian w strukturze fizycznej i chemicznej białek poddanych działaniu superkrytycznego CO2 przeprowadzono badanie aktywności enzymatycznej, analizę enzymu z użyciem spektrometrii mas MALDI-TOF i rentgenografii strukturalnej. Otrzymane wyniki wskazują na brak interakcji pomiędzy środowiskiem prowadzonych reakcji i enzymami.The aim of the studies was to construct the closed system for carrying out enzymatic reaction in flow supercritical CO2 environment. Previously conducted studies in closed flow systems did not allow for simultaneous production, separation and analysis of products. The preparation of enzymes and possibility of repeating enzymatic reactions in closed system were established and tested. The influence of supercritical CO2 on chemical and physical structure of proteins were investigated by activity assay measurements, mass spectrometry MALDI-TOF and crystal X-ray diffraction. Obtained results show that the supercritical CO2 does not interact with proteins

Monitoring organ distribution of zinc oxide nanoparticles in an animal experiment.

Celem pracy było zbadanie dystrybucji narządowej nanocząsteczek tlenku cynku w eksperymencie zwierzęcym. Eksperyment przeprowadzono na szczurach rasy Wistar, a wyniki odniesiono do nierozdrobnionego tlenku cynku pod kątem akumulacji w wątrobie. We wszystkich grupach szczurów wywołano stan zapalny i leczono go z zastosowaniem ketoprofenu. W grupach badawczych podawano ZnO i ZNPs w dawce 14 mg/kg masy ciała przez 14 dni. Przeprowadzono także badanie histopatologiczne wątroby w celu sprawdzenia aktywności enzymów oksydoredukcyjnych. Mapowanie rozmieszczenia Zn w wątrobie przeprowadzono z użyciem techniki rentgenowskiej analizy fluorescencyjnej (µ-XRF). Sprawdzono również wpływ badanych związków na dystrybucję innych pierwiastków w narządzie. Otrzymane wyniki wskazują na brak różnic w rozmieszczeniu Zn w wątrobie w zależności od formy podanego tlenku cynku. Wykazały jednak przyśpieszony metabolizm i zwiększoną odpowiedź immunologiczną organizmu na formę nanocząsteczkową.The aim of this study was to investigate the organ distribution of nanoparticles of zinc oxide in an animal experiment. The experiment was conducted on Wistar rats, and the results referred to the unground zinc oxide for accumulation in the liver. I all groups of rats inflammation was induced and the rats were treated with the use of ketoprofen. 14 mg/kg of body weight doses of ZnO and ZNPs were administered to the study groups for 14 days. Histopathological examination was also performed to verify liver enzymes redox. Mapping of the distribution of Zn in the liver was carried out using X-ray fluorescence technique (μ-XRF). The influence of test compounds on the distribution of other elements in the organ was also examined. Results obtained show no difference in the distribution of Zn in the liver depending on the form specified zinc oxide. However, accelerated metabolism and increased immune response to the nanoparticle form has been demonstrated

Blood plasma's protective ability against the degradation of S-nitrosoglutathione under the influence of air-pollution-derived metal ions in patients with exacerbation of heart failure and coronary artery disease

One of the consequences of long-term exposure to air pollutants is increased mortality and deterioration of life parameters, especially among people diagnosed with cardiovascular diseases (CVD) or impaired respiratory system. Aqueous soluble inorganic components of airborne particulate matter containing redox-active transition metal ions affect the stability of S-nitrosothiols and disrupt the balance in the homeostasis of nitric oxide. Blood plasma’s protective ability against the decomposition of S-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO) under the influence of aqueous PM extract among patients with exacerbation of heart failure and coronary artery disease was studied and compared with a group of healthy volunteers. In the environment of CVD patients’ plasma, NO release from GSNO was facilitated compared to the plasma of healthy controls, and the addition of ascorbic acid boosted this process. Model studies with albumin revealed that the amount of free thiol groups is one of the crucial factors in GSNO decomposition. The correlation between the concentration of NO released and -SH level in blood plasma supports this conclusion. Complementary studies on gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase activity and ICP-MS multielement analysis of CVD patients’ plasma samples in comparison to a healthy control group provide broader insights into the mechanism of cardiovascular risk development induced by air pollution