Heavy Quark Potential from Gauge/Gravity Duality: A Large D Analysis

The heavy-quark potential is calculated in the framework of gauge/gravity duality using the large-D approximation, where D is the number of dimensions transverse to the flux tube connecting a quark and an antiquark in a flat D+2-dimensional spacetime. We find that in the large-D limit the leading correction to the ground-state energy, as given by an effective Nambu-Goto string, arises not from the heavy modes but from the behavior of the massless modes in the vicinity of the quark and the antiquark. We estimate this correction and find that it should be visible in the near-future lattice QCD calculations of the heavy-quark potential.Comment: 22 pages, 5 Figures. v2: references added, typos corrected and, Sec. 4 rewritten with an expanded non-perturbative discussion of the corrections to the Arvis potential arising from the massless modes near the boundary of the qcd strin

Problemi umjetnog osjemenjivanja jednogrbe deve - izostanak ovulacije i zadržavanje spermija u želatinoznoj spermi.

An artificial insemination study was conducted on 17 female camels which were administered human Chorionic Gonadotrophin (hCG) to induce ovulation after confirming a follicle in the ovaries using sonography. The animals were inseminated with either diluted-cooled or fresh undiluted semen. No female camel could be impregnated with diluted and cooled semen, while pregnancy rate was low with neat undiluted semen. To ascertain possible causes of low conception rate, plasma progesterone (P4) profiles were monitored. Criteria adopted for interpretation of these profiles were as follows: P4 levels below 1 ng/ml on days 5-8 was considered to indicate failure to ovulate; a single peak of 1ng/ml on days 5-8 followed by a decline on day 12 was considered to indicate ovulation. However, failure of fertilization and P4 levels of more than 1 ng/ml on days 5-8 and day 12 followed by a decline was considered to indicate successful ovulation and fertilization, but failure of embryo survival. Consistently higher levels of P4 were considered to be indicative of pregnancy. Using these criteria, 5 of 33 inseminations were diagnosed as pregnant, while profiles of 17 of 33, 8 of 33 and 3 of 33 were indicative of failure of ovulation, failure of fertilization and failure of embryo survival, respectively. A high incidence of failure of ovulation may be due to oversized follicles or follicles in which degenerative processes might have been initiated prior to administration of hCG. High failure of fertilization may be due to a viscous form of camel semen, which may play a role as a sperm reservoir and protect the viability of spermatozoa in the female genital tract by entrapping sperm. Insemination with diluted and cooled semen may disturb the protection, resulting in failure of conception. It is concluded that the high incidence of ovulation failure and failure to deposit sperm in its natural entrapped viscous form are the major problems for development of AI in the camel. Further improvement may be expected, if we are able to standardize the appropriate insemination time around peri ovulatory time, and appropriate follicular size, which responds to hCG.Umjetno osjemenjivanje provedeno je na 17 deva kojima je dan ljudski korionski gonadotropin (hCG) u svrhu poticanja ovulacije. Prethodno je ultrazvučnom metodom ustanovljen folikul na jajnicima pretraženih deva. Deve su osjemenjene ili razrijeđenom i rashlađenom ili svježom, nerazrijeđenom spermom. Nijedna deva nije bila oplođena nakon osjemenjivanja razrijeđenom i rashlađenom spermom, a nakon osjemenjivanja nerazrijeđenom spermom stopa oplođenosti bila je niska. Radi utvrđivanja mogućih uzroka niske stope koncepcije, utvrđivana je razina progesterona u plazmi (P4). Razina P4 ispod 1 ng/ml u razdoblju 5 do 8 dana smatrala se pokazateljem izostanka ovulacije. Jednokratni porast od 1 ng/ml tijekom 5-8 dana nakon kojeg je slijedio pad 12. dana, smatrao se pokazateljem ovulacije s neuspjelom oplodnjom. P4 razine veće od 1 ng/ml tijekom razdoblja 5 do 8 dana, uključujući 12. dan nakon kojeg slijedi opadanje smatrale su se uspješnom ovulacijom i oplodnjom ali neuspjelim preživljavanjem embrija. Postojano visoke razine P4 smatrale su se pokazateljem gravidnosti. Prema navedenim kriterijima, pet od 33 osjemenjivanja rezultirala su gravidnošću. U 17 od 33 osjemenjivanja izostala je ovulacija. U 8 od 33 osjemenjivanja nije došlo do oplodnje, a u tri od 33 osjemenjnivanja embrij nije preživio. Učestala pojavnost izostanka ovulacije mogla bi se povezati s prevelikim folikulima ili folikulima u kojih su degenerativni procesi započeli prije davanja hCG. Visoka učestalost neuspjele oplodnje, mogla bi se povezati s viskoznošću sperme, zbog koje su spermiji u genitalnom traktu deve zaštićeniji i lakše preživljavaju. Osjemenjivanje s razrijeđenom i rashlađenom spermom može poremetiti navedene zaštitne mehanizme i dovesti do slabije oplođenosti. Može se zaključiti da je učestalo izostajanje ovulacije i nemogućnost polaganja sperme u njezinom prirodno viskoznom obliku glavni problem za razvoj umjetnog osjemenjivanja deva. Daljnji napredak se može očekivati ako se standardizira prikladno vrijeme osjemenjivanja (periovulatorno vrijeme), te utvrdi veličina folikula koja najbolje odgovara na aplikaciju hCG

Role of Pap’s smear and visual inspection of cervix with Lugol’s iodine for early detection of premalignant and malignant lesions of cervix: a cross sectional study

Background: Carcinoma of cervix is the third most frequently diagnosed cancer in Indian women. Carcinoma of cervix, due to its slow progression from pre-cancerous lesion to malignancy and easy accessibility to examination, gives us ample opportunity for early detection and thus considerably improved prognosis. To screen patients coming to GOPD at the age of 18-60 years by Pap smear and VILI and to detect specificity and sensitivity of each test for detecting CIN ( Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia) and Ca Cervix.Methods: The present study was conducted in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Smt. NHL Municipal Medical College and Hospital, Ahmedabad during October 2008 to October 2010. Total 50 women (18- 60 yrs) who fulfill selection criteria underwent pap smear and VILI. In pap smear and/or VILI positive patients, cervical biopsy and histopathological examination were done. The sensitivity and specificity of each test were determined and compared.Results: Out of total 50 women, 20 (40%) women were in the age group of 30-39 years. 64% women had coitage before 20 years.  56% of the women had 3 or more children. 74% of the patients came with chief complaint of vaginal discharge followed by lower abdominal pain in 10% of the patients.  On visual inspection with lugol’s iodine (VILI), squamo-columnar junction was seen in 66% of the women. Out of 50 women, 5 (10%) women tested positive for cytology results. Out of 50 Women, 8 (16%) women came out to be VILI test positive. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value for VILI test are 80%, 91.11%, 50%, 97.6% respectively. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value for Pap test are 80%, 97%, 80%, 97% respectively.Conclusions: VILI has almost equal sensitivity as compared to Pap (Cytology) test but Pap (Cytology) test has higher specificity compared to VILI

Polarographic Study of Complexation of BP+ with Schiff Bases In Acetate Buffer

1051-105

Ionophoretic Technique for the Determination of Stability Constants of Mixed Complexes (M-Nitrilotriacetate-5-Amino Pentanoate Systems)

A new method, involving the use of paper electrophoresis is described for the study of the equilibria in mixed ligand complex systems in solution. This technique is based on the movement of a spot of metal ion under an electric field with the complexants added in the background electrolyte at p\u27H = 8.5. Concentration of the primary ligand (NTA) was kept constant while that of the secondary ligand (5-amino pentanoic acid) was varied. The plots of-log [5-amino pentanoic acid] against mobility were used to obtain information on the forma tion of mixed complex and to calculate its stability constants. The binary equilibria M(II)-(5- amino pentanoic acid) and M(II)-NTA have also been studied since this is a prerequisite for the investigation of mixed complexes. The stability constants of the cornplexes, metal-nitrilotriacetate- 5-amino pentanoate have been found to be 5.85, 5.50, 5.22, 3.96 and 3.90 (log K values) for Cu(II), UOz(II), Ni(II), Co(II) and Zn(II) complexes, respectively, at fL = 0.1 mol/L and a temperature of 35 -c

Synthesis and Characterisation of Diaryl Furoxans

The paper discusses the synthesis, characterisation, and performance evaluation of diarylfuroxans namely, bis-phenyl-3,4-furoxan (5) and bis-(4’-nitrophenyl)-3,4-furoxan (6). Themolecules have been synthesised on the lines of reported method by cyclodimerisation of thenitrile oxides generated from benzaldoxime and p-nitro benzaldoxime, respectively. The synthesisedfuroxans (5 ) and (6) were characterised by the elemental analysis, UV, IR, and 1H NMRspectroscopy. The hazard characteristics (impact and friction sensitivity) confirm that thecompounds are safe to handle. The oxygen balance, velocity of detonation and detonationpressure have been computed. The detonation velocity and pressure along with oxygen balanceincreased with the substitution of nitro group in the benzene ring, as expected. Thethermogravimetric studies on promising compound (6) brings out that maximum weight lossoccurs at decomposition temperature of 259–260 °C

Phyllanthus Niruri: A magic Herb

Medicinal herbs are significant source of pharmaceutical drugs. Latest trends have shown increasing demand of phytodrugs and some medicinal herbs have proven hepatotprotective potential. Inflammation describes a coordinated series of molecular, cellular, tissue, organ, and systemic responses that drive the pathology of various diseases Inflammation is a finely tuned, dynamic, highly-regulated process that is not inherently detrimental, but rather required for immune surveillance, optimal post-injury tissue repair, and regeneration. The inflammatory response is driven by cytokines and chemokines and is partially propagated by damaged tissue-derived products (Damage-associated Molecular Patterns; DAMP’s). DAMPs perpetuate inflammation through the release of proinflammatory cytokines, but may also inhibit anti-inflammatory cytokines

Random matrix ensemble with random two-body interactions in presence of a mean-field for spin one boson systems

For $m$ number of bosons, carrying spin ($S$=1) degree of freedom, in $\Omega$ number of single particle orbitals, each triply degenerate, we introduce and analyze embedded Gaussian orthogonal ensemble of random matrices generated by random two-body interactions that are spin (S) scalar [BEGOE(2)-$S1$]. The embedding algebra is $U(3) \supset G \supset G1 \otimes SO(3)$ with SO(3) generating spin $S$. A method for constructing the ensembles in fixed-($m$, $S$) space has been developed. Numerical calculations show that the form of the fixed-($m$, $S$) density of states is close to Gaussian and level fluctuations follow GOE. Propagation formulas for the fixed-($m$, $S$) space energy centroids and spectral variances are derived for a general one plus two-body Hamiltonian preserving spin. In addition to these, we also introduce two different pairing symmetry algebras in the space defined by BEGOE(2)-$S1$ and the structure of ground states is studied for each paring symmetry.Comment: 22 pages, 6 figure