The Terms We S Share or Don’t Want to Share – On Multiple Entries in STRUNA

Through the decades of working on processing Croatian terminology in STRUNA we have identified two problems that can generate an extremely confusing situation for the end-user. On the one hand, we have homonyms, where the same term is used to indicate multiple concepts. This problem was anticipated since it is well-known that certain terms can have different or slightly different meanings in various fields of knowledge or even in the same field. We handle the homonyms by allowing multiple entries in STRUNA. On the other hand, fairly often, we come upon the case where a new entry was introduced into STRUNA even though the term with a semantically identical definition already existed. In anticipation of this problem, we have, from the very beginning of STRUNA, implemented the option of accepting the existing terminological entry and associating it with the ongoing project. Unfortunately, for various reasons, editors rarely use this feature. Therefore, this issue will have to be addressed in the future. In this paper, we will present these problems experienced by the end-user of STRUNA and suggest possible solutions implemented in a certain project (field) and/or interfiled solutions

That river (rijeka/rika) we must cross - The phonology of the local dialect of Podgradina in the Neretva area

U radu su na temelju terenskoga istraživanja prikazane fonološke značajke mjesnoga govora Podgradine, koji pripada slivanjskim govorima. Rijeka Neretva oduvijek je bila granicom ijekavskih i ikavskih govora. Budući da se u Podgradinu uz ijekavsko stanovništvo iz Zažablja i Popova naselilo i ikavsko stanovništvo iz Makarskoga primorja i Vrgorske krajine, a posljednjih je godina prisutan i snažan utjecaj novoštokavskoga ikavskog opuzenskog govora, utvrdit će se odstupanja u fonološkome sustavu u odnosu na ostale slivanjske govore.Based on field research, this paper describes the phonological features of the local dialect of Podgradina, which belongs to the group of Slivno dialects. The river Neretva has always been the border between the Ijekavian and Ikavian dialects. However, along with the Ijekavian population from Zažablje and Popovo, Podgradina has been inhabited by an Ikavian population from the Makarska littoral and the Vrgorac region, while the Neo-Štokavian Ikavian Opuzen dialect has exerted a strong influence in recent years. Therefore, this work will define the differences between the phonological system of the Podgradina dialect and other Slivno dialects

Accent Paradigms of Nominal e-Stems and i-Stems in the Slivno Municipality

Na temelju terenskoga istraživanja u radu se donosi sinkronijski prikaz naglasnih paradigma imenica e-vrste i i-vrste u slivanjskim govorima Slivna Ravnoga, Mihalja, Blaca i Podgradine. Riječ je o govorima koji pripadaju istočnohercegovačkomu dijalektu, slivanjsko-zažapskomu govornom tipu. Utvrdit će se postoje li kolebanja u pojedinoj paradigmi i među paradigmama te čuvanje kračine u d./l./i.This paper is based on a fieldwork material and provides a synchronic overview of accentuation paradigms of nominal e-stems and i-stems of Slivno municipality speech varieties found in Slivno Ravno, Mihalj, Blace and Podgradina. These speeches belong to Eastern Herzegovinian border dialect and Slivno-Zažablje speech type. It will be determined whether there are oscillations within particular paradigm and among paradigms as well as whether the accent shortness has been preserved in dative, locative and instrumental plural

On Problems in Defining Abstract and Metaphysical Concepts – Emergence of a New Model

Basic anthropological terminologyi is the first project covering terms from the domain of the social sciences under the Croatian Special Field Terminology program (Strunaii). Problems that have been sporadically noticed or whose existence could have been presumed during the processing of terms mainly from technical fields and sciences have finally emerged in »anthropology«. The principles of the General Theory of Terminology (GTT), which are followed in Struna, were put to a truly exacting test, and sometimes stretched beyond their limits when applied to concepts that do not necessarily have references in the physical world; namely, abstract and metaphysical conceptsiii. We are currently developing a new terminographical model based on Idealized Cognitive Models (ICM), which will hopefully ensure a better cross-filed implementation of various types of concepts and their relations. The goal of this paper is to introduce the theoretical bases of our model. Additionally, we will present a pilot study of the series of experiments in which we are trying to investigate the nature of conceptual categorization in special languages and its proposed difference form categorization in general language

PHONOLOGY OF THE LOCAL DIALECT OF ŠIMLJANIK IN NORTH MOSLAVINA

Na temelju vlastitoga terenskog istraživanja u radu se opisuje fonologija govora Šimljanika, koji pripada iekavskim sjevernomoslavačkim kajkavskim govorima. Budući da je riječ o području koje se nalazi u blizini kajkavsko-štokavske granice i kojemu su migracijski pokreti u prošlosti izmijenili polaznu strukturu stanovništva, očekujemo odstupanja od tipičnoga kajkavskog sustava. Promatrat ćemo jesu li i koji su štokavski elementi utjecali na samoglasnički, suglasnički i naglasni sustav.The paper describes, on the basis of original field research, the phonology of the local dialect of Šimljanik, which belongs to the iekavian north Moslavian (sjevernomoslavački) kajkavian group of dialects. Since this is an area near the border between the kajkavian and štokavian groups of dialects, and whose original demographic structure has changed due to migration in the past, it is expected that many deviations from the typical kajkavian systems will be found. We will try to see whether (and in which way) the štokavian elements have influenced the vowel, consonant and the accentuation systems

ACCENT PARADIGMS OF ADJECTIVES IN THE SLIVNO MUNICIPALITY

U radu se na temelju vlastita terenskoga istraživanja donosi sinkronijski prikaz naglasnih paradigama pridjeva u slivanjskim govorima Slivna Ravnoga, Mihalja, Blaca i Podgradine u Neretvanskoj krajini, koji su dio istočnohercegovačkoga dijalekta, slivanjsko-zažapskoga govornog tipa. Nadalje, utvrdit će se naglasne varijacije u ostalim, posebice dodirnim, istraženim štokavskim govorima.This paper is based on materials gathered in the field and provides a synchronic overview of the accent paradigms of adjectives in the Slivno municipality speech varieties found in Slivno Ravno, Mihalj, Blace and Podgradina. These speeches belong to the Eastern Herzegovinian border dialect and the Slivno-Zažablje speech type. Furthermore, accent variations in the other explored Štokavian speeches will be determined. Root (suffix-less) adjectives in the Slivno municipality speech varieties do not show the old a. p. a and a. p. b, but are mostly formed as a part of the a. p. C: lȁk – làka – lȁko ‘easy’, which connects these speech varieties with the Makarska and Vrgorac municipality speech varie-ties. All the speeches have well preserved authentic a. p. c in adjectives such as glȗv – glúva – glȗvo ‘deaf’ and mȍćan – mòćna – mȍćno ‘mighty’ (SR, Mi, Bl) / mȍćan – mòćna – mȍćno (Po), and in adjectives such as ȍpāk ‘tough’, vȅsevo ‘happy’ and kȑvav ‘bloody’. The only innovation is found in adjectives with a long root ending in –an: ládan – ládna – lȃdno ‘cold’, where the authentic long falling accent in m. changes into the long rising one, thus becoming a. p. C1, or it changes to a. p. B: rúžan – rúžna – rúžno ‘ugly’. Adjectives ending in –an have preserved the form of the old a. p. b: dúžan – dúžna – dúžno ’indebted’, which distinguishes the Slivno municipality speech varieties from those of Vrgorac and Imotski where paradigms are mixed and where the a. p. C prevails. All adjectives referring to colour, whether they are suffix-less (root): žȗt – žúta – žúto ‘yellow’ or whether they end in the suffix -en: zèlen – zelèna – zelèn ’green’, have a. p. B. just like the other Ijekavian speech varieties of the Zažablje municipality and the Ikavian varieties of the Makarska, Vrgorac and Sinj municipalities

Masculine a-stem in the local dialects of the Makarska littoral and the Neretva valley

U radu se donosi analiza imenica a-vrste muškoga roda u govorima Makarskoga primorja i Neretvanske doline. Svi govori Makarskoga primorja spadaju u novoštokavski ikavski dijalekt, kao i dio govora Neretvanske doline, dok je drugi dio neretvanskih govora dijelom istočnohercegovačkoga dijalekta. U morfološkome smislu govore Makarskoga primorja i dijela novoštokavskih govora Neretvanske doline povezuje prevlast kratke množine imenica muškoga roda u odnosu na dugu koja prevladava u istočnohercegovačkim govorima Neretvanske doline. Na doticaju tih dviju skupina govora nalaze se govori koji imaju mješovite oblike, i dugu i kratku množinu. Takva je raspodjela i u distribuciji nastavka u I jd. m. r. te u DLI množine m. r. Naglasna analiza pokazuje da n. p. A nije podložna sinkronijskim međuparadigmatskim utjecajima. N. p. B nije izmijenjena kroz cijelu paradigmu u svim govorima u kojima pos- toji kratka množina. U slivanjsko-zažapskim govorima imenice a-vrste uglavnom imaju dugu množinu koju ujednačavaju prema n. p. A. Takva promjena nije zabilježena u govorima Makarskoga primorja. Izrazito očuvanje n. p. C značajka je govora istočnohercegovačkoga dijalekta, napose zažapskih govora, gdje je živa razlika D i L jd. te pomičnost cijele paradigme. U ostalim su neretvanskim govorima inovacija fakultativne paradigme (n. p. C/A) ili miješane paradigme (n. p. C-A), koje su uglavnom potvrđene u govorima Makarskoga primorja.The paper deals with the masculine a-stem in the local dialects of the Makarska littoral and the Neretva valley. All dialects of the Makarska littoral belong to the Neo-Štokavian Ikavian dialect, to which some local dialects of the Neretva valley also belong, whereas the rest belong to the Eastern Herzegovinian dialect. With regard to morphology, the dialects of the Makarska littoral are connected to Neo-Štokavian Ikavian dialects of the Neretva valley through the predominance of the short plural of masculine nouns as opposed to the long plural that predominates in the Eastern Herzegovinian dialects of the Neretva valley. At the meeting point of these two groups of dialects we find local dialects that have mixed forms, i.e., both long and short plurals. A similar situation obtains when it comes to case endings: the instrumental case of singular masculine nouns and the dative, locative, and instrumental cases of plural masculine nouns. The analysis of accent shows that the stress paradigm A is not susceptible to influences. The stress paradigm B is preserved in all the dialects which have the short plural. In the Slivno–Zažablje dialect type, a-stem nouns generally have a long plural conforming to the stress paradigm A. This change is not recorded in the local dialects of the Makarska littoral. Notable preservation of the stress paradigm C is a feature of the dialects belonging to the Eastern Herzegovinian type, especially the local dialects of Zažablje, where the difference between the dative and the locative singular still exists, and the accent is still mobile throughout the paradigm. In the remaining Neretva dialects, the innovations are the optional stress paradigm (C/A) or the mixed stress paradigm (C-A), for the most part also found in the local dialects of the Makarska littoral