A MUDANÇA DAS CRENÇAS DO POVO VIETNAMIANO NO NOVO CONTEXTO: ESTUDE UMA TÍPICA ATIVIDADE RELIGIOSA

Vietnam is a multi-faith and multi-religious country. According to incomplete statistics, Vietnam has about 95% of the population with religious and religious life. Up to now, the country has about 45,000 belief establishments, of which there are more than 2,900 relics associated with belief and religious establishments. Religious activities take place vibrantly throughout the country; many major religious activities and activities were solemnly organized, attracting hundreds of thousands of attendees. However, in recent years, many religious activities have changed in both positive and negative directions. This study selects a popular folk belief activity of the Vietnamese people, the funeral rite. Based on the survey, this study focuses on analyzing the actual situation of funeral rites, the values ​​, and limitations of this religious activity.O Vietnã é um país multi-religioso e multi-religioso. De acordo com estatísticas incompletas, o Vietnã tem cerca de 95% da população com vida religiosa e religiosa. Até agora, o país tem cerca de 45.000 estabelecimentos de crença, dos quais existem mais de 2.900 relíquias associadas a estabelecimentos de crença e religiosos. As atividades religiosas acontecem de forma vibrante em todo o país; muitas das principais atividades e atividades religiosas foram organizadas solenemente, atraindo centenas de milhares de participantes. No entanto, nos últimos anos, muitas atividades religiosas mudaram em direções positivas e negativas. Este estudo seleciona uma atividade de crença popular popular do povo vietnamita, o rito fúnebre. Com base na pesquisa, este estudo se concentra em analisar a situação real dos ritos fúnebres, os valores e as limitações dessa atividade religiosa

Chemical constituents of fruits of Khaya senegalensis A. Juss growing in Vietnam

Four limonoids, seneganolide (1), khayanone (2), khayanolide B (3), 6-acetoxy-methyl angolensate (4), and two flavonoids, (-)-epicatechin (5) and quercitrin (6), were isolated from the ethyl acetate extract of fruits of Khaya senegalensis A. Juss. Their structures were elucidated by MS and NMR spectroscopic methods as well as comparison with literature data

Preparation, characterization, and evaluation of sorghum flour with increased resistant starch content

Master of ScienceDepartment of Grain Science and IndustryYong-Cheng ShiSorghum flour is a gluten-free ingredient and can be used to prepare foods for celiac patients. In addition, sorghum flour is a good source of fiber in the form of resistant starch. The objectives of this research were to develop an effective process to increase resistant starch content of sorghum flour and investigate the effects of sorghum protein matrix on starch digestibility. Samples of white sorghum flour (28.9% amylose content) with different moisture contents (0%, 12.5%, 20%, and 30%) were treated at different temperatures (100, 120, and 140 [degrees]C) for different times (1, 2, and 4 h). Samples after heat treatments were tested for starch digestibility, protein digestibility, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), size-exclusion chromatography (SEC), and X-ray diffraction. The sample treated with 20% moisture at 100[degrees]C for 4 h had high resistant starch (RS) content (22.1% compared with 5.6% of the native sample) and low protein digestibility (8.4% compared with 68.3% of the native sample). The same heat-moisture treatment on isolated sorghum starch showed no significant change in RS content. DSC showed a very low degree of gelatinization for samples treated at moisture contents 20% and below. X-ray diffraction also suggested minimal change in starch crystallinity after heat treatment at low moisture contents (20% and below). Sorghum protein solubility after heat treatment was reduced, suggesting that protein structure was altered during the heat treatments. In conclusion, heat-moisture treatments were successful in increasing resistant starch content of sorghum flour by altering sorghum protein without gelatinizing the starch to retain starch functionality in food product applications. Sorghum flour with increased resistant starch content after heat treatment was evaluated and compared with normal sorghum flour for starch digestibility using the Integrated Total Dietary Fiber method, and for food applications in tortillas

Depth of powers of edge ideals of Cohen-Macaulay trees

Let $I$ be the edge ideal of a Cohen-Macaulay tree of dimension $d$ over a polynomial ring $S = \mathrm{k}[x_1,\ldots,x_{d},y_1,\ldots,y_d]$. We prove that for all $t \ge 1$, $$\operatorname{depth} (S/I^t) = \operatorname{max} \{d -t + 1, 1 \}.$

PREMILINARY RESEARCH ON ARSENIC POLLUTION OF SURFACE AND GROUND WATER IN TRA NANG GOLD EXPLOITATION REGION-LAM DONG PROVINCE AND CAO LANH TOWN-DONG THAP PROVINCE

Joint Research on Environmental Science and Technology for the Eart

Transformation Chlorophyll a of Spirulina platensis to Chlorin e6 Derivatives and Several Applications

BACKGROUND: Spirulina platensis contains a large amount of chlorophylls, chlorophyll a, that are starting materials to synthesize functionalized chlorins. Chlorin e6 (Ce6) as well as its derivatives are second generation sensitizers using in photodynamic therapy (PDT) of various cancers. In this study, we transfer chlorophyll a of S. platensis to Ce6derivatives and determine their several applications. AIM: to evaluate the effects of Ce6 derivatives to treat cancer cells. METHODS: Ce6 trimethylester was created from methyl pheophorbide a2 in S. platensis provided by the Hidumi Company, Nghe An province, Viet Nam. Hela cells were incubated with Ce6 trimethylester and the irradiated with the diode laser dose of 1.2 J/cm2/min through the system of filters £ 650 nm. MTT assay and clonogenic assay were used to determine survival rate and cloning efficiency of cells. Antimicrobial effect of Ce6 trimethylester with halogen light were studied with Propionibacterium acnes VTCC 0218 and Staphylococcus aureus VTCC 0173. RESULTS: From dry biomass (700 g) of S. platensis, after extracting chlorophyll a and methanolysis, 4.2 g of methyl pheophorbide a was obtained. The reaction to give Ce6 trimethylester with 82% yield was performed with potassium hydroxide (KOH) in MeOH/THF/CHCl3. After irradiation with a 650 nm laser at 1.2 J, the cell viability in all samples decreased with Ce6 trimethylester treatment, the survival declining trend of Hela cells treated with Ce6 trimethylester were proportional when concentration of Ce6 trimethylester increased. The rate of colony formation was declined as the concentration of Ce6 trimethylester treated was increased. The growth of both S. aureus and P. acnes can be inactivated by Ce6 trimethylester PDT. The MIC99 value against P. acnes VTCC 0218 and S. aureus VTCC 0173 of Ce6 trimethylester with halogen light was 1.25 μg/ml. CONCLUSION: The Ce6 trimethylester from S. platensis cultivated in Viet Nam could be used as a potential photosentizer for photodynamic therapy for treatment of cancer and acne

GENETIC DIVERSITY IN THE NATURAL POPULARIONS OF Pinus dalatensis Ferre’ (PINACEAE) ASSESSED BY SSSR MARKERS

Pinus dalatensis Ferre’(Family: Pinaceae) is an endemic plant with restricted habitats at higher altitudes in Vietnam highland. The species are now near threatened by over-exploitation and habitat destruction. The genetic variation within and among populations of P. dalatensis was investigated by 41 microsatellite (single sequence repeat, SSR) primers, but only 11 SSR primers showed polymorphism bands. In all, 70 sampled trees from six populations in Vietnam highland were analyzed in this study, samples were collected from populations located in different altitude. A total of 40 allelic variants have been detected. The mean number of alleles per locus was 2.197. The SSR data showed a genetic diversity parameters within populations with an average of I = 0.524, Ho = 0.222, He = 0.317, Fis =0.333 and Ap = 0.106. The number private alleles (Ap) was only found in four populations, the Hoa Son population showed the highest (0.273), followed by Da Chay (0.182), and value of 0.091 for all Ngoc Linh and A Yun. Analysis of molecular variance analysis showed that most genetic variation was within populations of 57.504 % and among population of 42.496 %. The population pairwise differentiations indicated that most of the populations were significantly differentiated p 0.001 with Fst values ranged from 0.195 to 0.418. This study highlights the importance of conserving the genetic resources of P. dalatensis specie

Effect of Graphene-Gold Nanocomposites on the Photocatalytic Activity Of TiO2_2

The synthesis of graphene (Gr) - gold (Au) nanoparticle (NP) composite was achieved using continuous ultraviolet wave exposure. The functional groups were investigated with FT-IR spectra. From the Raman spectra, D-band and G-band of graphene were identified. As a result, the uniform deposition of nanometer-sized Au NPs on the graphene sheets was observed from the field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM) images. The photodegradation of methylene blue in aqueous solutions is studied using various photocatalysts, including neat TiO2, Gr/TiO2 and Gr-Au/TiO2 composites. The Gr weight ratio in this research is 2%. The Gr2%-Au0.1%/TiO2 composite had the highest photoactivity

The status of invasive plants and animals in Cu Lao Cham biosphere reserve, Quang Nam province, Vietnam

The biodiversity of Cu Lao Cham Biosphere Reserve (Hoi An City, Quang Nam Province) has been faced with some passive impacts, one of which is invasion/expansion of alien species. In 2017, according to the data of GISD, CABI and the Inter-ministerial Circular No.27/2013/TTLT-BTNMT-BNNPTNT, based on filed survey conducted in May, 19 alien plant and 3 alien animal species were recorded in the biosphere reserve. Among them, 13 plant species were identified as invaders, of which details were assessed in this study; among those invader plants, 3 species were ranked at medium risk and the 10 others were ranked at low risk. All of the medium risk-invasive plant species have been appeared on the islands but one of them - siam weed (Chromolaena odorata) were not identified as impacting to the mainland of the biosphere reserve. Likewise, all of the alien animal species have been not recognized as the invasive species. In general, the impact of alien species found in the Cu Lao Cham was assessed as “Low Risk”. The impact status of invasive species in the Hoi An mainland part is more serious than the situation in the islands. Base on the results, we suggest that, five species, beggar-ticks (Bidens pilosa), coast morning glory (Ipomoea cairica) Bay Biscayne creeping-oxeye (Sphagneticola trilobata), Blue porterweed (Stachytarpheta jamaicensis) and billygoat-weed (Ageratum conyzoides) should be added in the invasive appendix of the national invasive species list while three other species as vilfa stellata (Cynodon dactylon), guava (Psidium guava) and rose myrtle (Rhodomyrtus tomentosa) should be listed in the potential appendix of that list. It is necessary to conduct some survey to obtain solution to control invasive species as soon as possible to protect the biodiversity of this study area. Citation: Vu Anh Tai, Uong Dinh Khanh, Luu The Anh, Le Thi Thu Hien, 2017. The status of invasive plants and animals in Cu Lao Cham biosphere reserve, Quang Nam province, Vietnam. Tap chi Sinh hoc, 39(4): 434-450. DOI: 10.15625/0866-7160/v39n4.10082.*Corresponding author: [email protected] 15 June 2017, accepted 12 December 201