3 research outputs found

    A paraplegic patient with fever and leucocytosis: not always what it seems

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    A 54-year-old obese woman with a history of spina bifida was admitted to the hospital with malaise and fever accompanied by leucocytosis, thrombocytosis, and hypercalcaemia. As treatment for neurogenic bladder dysfunction she had a suprapubic catheter. Diagnostic workup for osteomyelitis revealed an unknown mass originating from the urinary bladder on MRI of the pelvis. Further diagnostic analyses showed that the mass was a squamous-cell carcinoma (SCC) with laboratory abnormalities as paraneoplastic phenomena mediated by PTH-related peptide and cytokines released by the SCC. Despite radiotherapy the patient died within two months after initial diagnosis. Squamous-cell carcinoma of the bladder is rare in western countries. In unresectable or metastatic disease survival rates are low due to low responsiveness to standard chemotherapy. Concurrent chemoradiotherapy might be an alternative in unresectable or locally advanced disease; however, evidence to support this is lacking. The poor survival in these patients raises the question of whether high-risk groups for SCC of the bladder, like paraplegic patients or patient with neurogenic bladder dysfunction, should receive screening even though the ideal starting point and frequency are still unknown.

    Chora z niedow艂adem ko艅czyn dolnych, gor膮czk膮 i leukocytoz膮: infekcja to nie wszystko

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    Pi臋膰dziesi臋cioczteroletnia chora z oty艂o艣ci膮 i wywiadem rozszczepu kr臋gos艂upa zosta艂a przyj臋ta do szpitala z powodu z艂ego samopoczucia oraz gor膮czki, kt贸rym towarzyszy艂y leukocytoza, trombocytoza oraz hiperkalcemia. Ze wzgl臋du na neurogenn膮 dysfunkcj臋 p臋cherza moczowego chora mia艂a za艂o偶ony sta艂y cewnik nad艂onowy. W ramach diagnostyki, z powodu podejrzenia zapalenia ko艣ci i szpiku, wykonano badanie rezonansu magnetycznego (MRI) miednicy, w kt贸rym uwidoczniono obecno艣膰 guza p臋cherza moczowego, zajmuj膮cego kana艂 przetoki nadp臋cherzowej. W toku dalszej diagnostyki potwierdzono rozpoznanie raka p艂askonab艂onkowego p臋cherza moczowego, z wt贸rnym zespo艂em paranowotworowym spowodowanym nadmiern膮 sekrecj膮 peptydu PTH-podobnego oraz cytokin. Mimo zastosowanej radioterapii chora zmar艂a po 2 miesi膮cach od ustalenia rozpoznania. Rak p艂askonab艂onkowy p臋cherza moczowego wyst臋puje rzadko w krajach uprzemys艂owionych. Rokowanie w przypadku niekwalifikuj膮cego si臋 do resekcji lub przerzutowego raka p艂askonab艂onkowego p臋cherza moczowego jest niekorzystne, g艂贸wnie ze wzgl臋du na wysok膮 oporno艣膰 tego nowotworu na chemioterapi臋. Jednoczesna radiochemioterapia jest alternatywn膮 opcj膮 post臋powania dla chorych z miejscowo zaawansowanym rakiem p艂askonab艂onkowym p臋cherza moczowego niekwalifikuj膮cym si臋 do resekcji, cho膰 brakuje dowod贸w naukowych oceniaj膮cych skuteczno艣膰 takiego leczenia. Niekorzystne rokowanie zmusza do refleksji nad warto艣ci膮 bada艅 przesiewowych w przypadkach wysokiego ryzyka, takich jak chorzy z niedow艂adem ko艅czyn dolnych lub neurogenn膮 dysfunkcj膮 p臋cherza. Niemniej brakuje danych pozwalaj膮cych okre艣li膰 optymalny czas rozpocz臋cia obserwacji oraz cz臋stotliwo艣膰 dalszych bada艅 kontrolnych

    Confocal laser microscopy for assessment of surgical margins during radical prostatectomy

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    Objective: To evaluate the feasibility of confocal laser microscopy (CLM) for intraoperative margin assessment as faster alternative to neurovascular structure-adjacent frozen-section examination (NeuroSAFE) during robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP).聽 Patients and Methods: Surgical margins were assessed during 50 RARP procedures in patients scheduled for NeuroSAFE. Posterolateral sections were cut and imaged with CLM and further processed to conform with the NeuroSAFE protocol. Secondary resection (SR) was performed in case a positive surgical margin (PSM) was observed with NeuroSAFE. Afterwards, the CLM images were non-blinded assessed for the presence of PSMs. The accuracy of both NeuroSAFE and CLM was compared with conventional histopathology. Agreement for detection of PSMs between NeuroSAFE and CLM was evaluated with Cohen's kappa coefficient. Procedure times were compared with a Wilcoxon signed-ranks test.聽 Results: In total, 96 posterolateral sections of RP specimens were evaluated for the presence of PSMs. CLM identified 15 (16%) PSMs and NeuroSAFE identified 14 (15%) PSMs. CLM had a calculated sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of 86%, 96%, 80% and 98% respectively for the detection of PSMs compared to definite pathology. After SR, residual tumour was found in six of 13 cases (46%), which were all identified by both techniques. There was a substantial level of agreement between CLM and NeuroSAFE (魏 = 0.80). The median procedure time for CLM was significantly shorter compared to NeuroSAFE (8 vs 50 min, P聽< 0.001). The main limitation of this study was the non-blinded assessment of the CLM images.聽 Conclusions: Compared to NeuroSAFE, CLM is a promising technique for intraoperative margin assessment and is able to reduce the time of intraoperative margin assessment
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