38 research outputs found
Die Rolle der Auslandsmontage in den internationalen Wertschöpfungsnetzwerken der Automobilhersteller
Prüfung verschiedener Erbsentypen auf deren Krankheitsanfälligkeit, Biomasse und Kornertrag
Generally, purple-flowered peas are considered to be less susceptible to soil-borne diseases and pests than white-flowered peas. Besides, forage peas usually produce more aboveground biomass and less grain yields in comparison to grain peas. Tolerance to soil-borne diseases, above- and belowground biomass and grain yields of two white-flowered (forage and grain pea, respectively) and one purple-flowered (forage pea) pea were examined in a field experiment in Bavaria, Germany.
Purple-flowered peas had neither obvious higher tolerance to soil-borne diseases nor more biomass yield compared to white-flowered peas. Furthermore, the grain yields in this experiment were extremely low and there was no significant difference between the two types. A possible cause could be the unsuitable weather conditions, which caused an increased disease pressure and resulted in low grain and biomass yields. Hence, it can be assumed purple-flowered peas are generally not less susceptible to soil-borne pests than white-flowered peas
Phosphordüngewirkung karbonisierter Biogasgärreste
P-recycling from biogas residue may play a future key role for sustainable P supply in organic farming. However, in particular transportation costs of residue need to be
reduced e.g. by pretreatment. One approach is carbonization by pyrolysis or hydrothermal carbonization (HTC). In a pot trial with maize on a P-deficient, acidic sandy loam P uptake after application of two chars from pyrolysis (400 and 700 °C) and HTC (6 and 8 h dwell time) all made of the same residue was compared to P uptake after application of the raw residue and water soluble KH2PO4 respectively. P
uptake was the same for KH2PO4, raw residue and both HTC treatments, but was significant lower in treatments with pyrolytic chars. Neither dwell time nor temperature
had an effect. However, whereas pyrolysis raised P concentration, in HTC chars it was the same as in the raw residue. Also P was extracted from soil of pots without plants at beginning, half and end of the trial using H2O, CAT, CAL and Na-formate respectively. For CAT, CAL and Na-formate significant correlations between P uptake
by maize and extractable P at all dates exist, whereas for H2O this was only true for extractable P at the end of the trial
Beeinflusst der Boden die N-Freisetzung aus pflanzlichen Düngern?
One consequence of the BSE-crisis is, that animal residue derived N-fertilisers used in organic horticulture are to be replaced. As an alternative plant derived N-fertilisers have been investigated. In an incubation experiment these fertilisers mineralised 40 to 60 % of the total N applied. Net N-mineralisation in the incubation experiment as well as plant N-utilisation in a pot experiment were closely related to the N-content of the fertilisers. Fertilisers increased the N-uptake of plants in any soil. Neither texture nor the content of Corg explained the observed differences in fertiliser use efficiency
Einsatz von Abwasser aus der Kartoffelstaerkeproduktion in landwirtschaftlichen Fruchtfolgen
Available from TIB Hannover: DW 1328 / FIZ - Fachinformationszzentrum Karlsruhe / TIB - Technische InformationsbibliothekSIGLEDEGerman
Therapy options in the treatment of cervical invasive cancer FIGO IA1 L1- IB1 in women of fertile age
Die vorliegende Arbeit soll innovative Therapieoptionen und deren Ergebnisse
zur Behandlung des frühinvasiven Zervixkarzinoms der FIGO Stadien IA1 L1-IB1
bei Frauen im fertilen Alter mit dem Wunsch nach minimal invasiver Chirurgie,
Fertilitäts- bzw. Schwangerschaftserhalt aufzeigen. Der Wunsch nach
fertilitätserhaltender Chirurgie und schwangerschaftserhaltender Therapie bei
maximaler onkologischer Sicherheit nimmt zu, da 40 % der mit einem
Zervixkarzinom diagnostizierten Patientinnen jünger als 45 Jahre sind und
gleichzeitig das Alter der Erstgebärenden ansteigt. Minimal invasive
Operationstechniken, bei gleichen onkologischen Ergebnissen, sind heute
etablierte operative Alternativen zur abdominalen radikalen Hysterektomie
(ARH). Für die Patientinnen führen laparoskopische oder laparoskopisch-
vaginale oder roboter-assistierte OP-Techniken neben einem verbesserten
kosmetischen Ergebnis zu einer schnelleren Rekonvaleszenz bei reduzierter
intra- und postoperativer Komplikationsrate. Die Modifikation der
laparoskopisch-assistierten radikalen vaginalen Hysterektomie (LARVH) zur
vaginal assistierten laparoskopisch radikalen Hysterektomie (VALRH) ermöglicht
bei gleichen onkologischen Ergebnissen nochmals eine deutlich verringerte
intraoperative Komplikationsrate. In einer weiteren Studie konnte unsere
Arbeitsgruppe zeigen, dass für Patientinnen nach einer fertilitätserhaltenden
Operation eines frühinvasiven Zervixkarzinoms (radikale vaginale
Trachelektomie – RVT) bei einem 5-Jahres-rezidivfreien Überleben von 94,4 %
eine Schwangerschaftsrate von bis zu 66 % erreicht werden kann. Die
Applikation einer neoadjuvanten Cisplatin-Monochemotherapie bei schwangeren
Patientinnen mit der Diagnose eines Zervixkarzinoms ist bei nodal negativen
Frauen eine therapeutische Möglichkeit der Tumortherapieverzögerung bis zum
Erreichen der fetalen Lebensfähigkeit bei hoher onkologischer Sicherheit für
die Mutter. Nachdem unsere Arbeitsgruppe erstmals in-vivo nachweisen konnte,
dass nur ca. 50 % der mütterlichen Platinkonzentration im kindlichen Blut
nachweisbar ist, zeigen die pädiatrischen Ergebnisse ebenfalls, dass diese
Therapieoption sicher für den Fetus und das Neugeborene ist. Ein pädiatrisches
Langzeit-Follow-up ist hier jedoch unbedingt notwendig, um eventuelle
Spätfolgen zu evaluieren.The thesis discusses innovative treatment options and subsequent results for
the management of cervical cancer (FIGO stages IA1 L1 - IB1) in women of
reproductive age who desire minimally invasive surgery, combined with
fertility and pregnancy-preserving therapy. The request for fertility and
pregnancy-conserving therapy with maximal oncological safety is increasing.
Currently 40% of patients diagnosed with cervical cancer are younger than 45
years of age at presentation and concurrently the mean age of Primipara is
increasing. Minimally invasive surgical techniques, with the same oncology
clearance, are now well established alternatives to surgical abdominal radical
hysterectomy (ARH). Laparoscopic and vaginal or laparoscopic surgical robotic-
assisted techniques facilitate improved cosmetic results, faster recovery
times and reduced intra- and post-operative complications. The modification of
laparoscopically assisted vaginal radical hysterectomy (LARVH) to assisted
laparoscopic radical vaginal hysterectomy (VALRH) yields the same oncological
clearance combined with significantly reduced intraoperative complications. In
an additional study our group has shown that in patients treated with
fertility preserving surgery for early invasive cervical cancer (radical
vaginal trachelectomy- RVT) a recurrence-free 5 year survival rate of 94.4%
and a pregnancy rate of up to 66 % can be reached. The neo-adjuvant Cisplatin-
monochemotherapy application in lymph nodal negative patients with cervical
cancer complicated by second trimester pregnancy is a therapeutic option for
treatment delay until fetal maturity is reached with a high oncologic maternal
safety. These first in vivo results show that only 50% of maternal cisplatin
serum concentration is detected in the umbilical cord while the pediatric
follow-up give additional security for the fetus and the newborn to apply
neoadjuvant cisplatin chemotherapy after laparoscopic staging to pregnant
women with cervical cancer. Long-term oncologic and pediatric follow-up is
mandatory to validate this data
The Effect of Salinity on Fruit Quality and Yield of Cherry Tomatoes
Hydroponic cultivation of vegetables avoids problems with soil-borne plant pathogens and may allow higher yield. In arid climates and particularly on islands, high concentrations of sodium chloride can be present in the groundwater. For instance, in many sites of Malta, the groundwater contains more than 10 mM sodium chloride. Here we investigated the effects of sodium chloride at levels typically found in Malta on yield, physiology and fruit quality of tomato, the economically most important vegetable. We selected cherry tomatoes since their production is attractive due to their high marketing value. While the yield declined at higher salinity levels tested (17 and 34 mM), the quality increased significantly as indicated by higher total soluble solids and fructose and glucose levels. The type of substrate—coco peat, perlite or Rockwool—had only minor effects. Although the concentration of citric acid and malic acid remained unaffected, the pH dropped by approximately 0.1 unit and the titratable acidity increased slightly. This might be explained by a high uptake of chloride but a lower increase of the sodium content and a reduced potassium level in the fruits, shifting the equilibrium of the organic acids more to their protonated forms. Proline increased significantly, while the level of glutamic acid, which is crucial for the taste, remained unchanged. Our results show that cherry tomatoes can be cultivated in nutrient solutions prepared with salt-containing groundwater, as found in Malta. The yield declined to some extent but the quality of the produced fruits was higher compared to cultivation in salt-free media
The Effect of Salinity on Fruit Quality and Yield of Cherry Tomatoes
Hydroponic cultivation of vegetables avoids problems with soil-borne plant pathogens and may allow higher yield. In arid climates and particularly on islands, high concentrations of sodium chloride can be present in the groundwater. For instance, in many sites of Malta, the groundwater contains more than 10 mM sodium chloride. Here we investigated the effects of sodium chloride at levels typically found in Malta on yield, physiology and fruit quality of tomato, the economically most important vegetable. We selected cherry tomatoes since their production is attractive due to their high marketing value. While the yield declined at higher salinity levels tested (17 and 34 mM), the quality increased significantly as indicated by higher total soluble solids and fructose and glucose levels. The type of substrate—coco peat, perlite or Rockwool—had only minor effects. Although the concentration of citric acid and malic acid remained unaffected, the pH dropped by approximately 0.1 unit and the titratable acidity increased slightly. This might be explained by a high uptake of chloride but a lower increase of the sodium content and a reduced potassium level in the fruits, shifting the equilibrium of the organic acids more to their protonated forms. Proline increased significantly, while the level of glutamic acid, which is crucial for the taste, remained unchanged. Our results show that cherry tomatoes can be cultivated in nutrient solutions prepared with salt-containing groundwater, as found in Malta. The yield declined to some extent but the quality of the produced fruits was higher compared to cultivation in salt-free media
Plant Nutrition: Physiological and Metabolic Responses, Molecular Mechanisms and Chromatin Modifications
Plant growth and crop yield highly depend on the availability of all required nutrients, ideally in well-balanced ratios [...