CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF ANIMAL FEED AND ITS INFLUENCE ON THE MILK QUALITY

Knowledge of the chemical composition of animal feed is important for the normal health of dairy cows and the high production of quality milk. The research presents an examination of the chemical composition of animal feed shown in percentage such as: fodder crop - alfalfa hay and straw - which are a by-product of wheat and two types of fodder mixes (FM). As for the research the following nutrients were examined: protein, crude fiber, fat, moisture, ash and their total values, as well as nitrogen-free extractive substances (NES) in 3 samples of each animal feed from 3 different farms (A, B, C). The highest total value for all nutrient compounds was obtained in alfalfa, at farm A =65.91%. The lowest total value was obtained in straw used in farm A=53.78%. The total value of NES in all three farms was 34.78%. Namely, according to the results farm A=38.54% used FM2, however farm B=39.13%, and farm C=42.15 % used FM1. Analyses of chemical composition of the milk (dry matter, fat, protein, lactose and density) provide a conclusion indicating that the values from the three farms appear to be similar, the milk sample from farm B has the highest value of dry matter with 8.22% and fat 3.65%. The milk sample from farm C appears to have the highest value of protein with 3.20% and a density of 28.56%. The aforesaid refers to the fact that the feed mixture used for dairy cows contain at least 18-22% protein, which is ideally balanced feed in order to obtain a daily production of over 30 liters. The use of alfalfa and straw enriches the animal feed with proteins and influences the milk quality

Determination of Some Chemical Elements at Milk, at Three City in Macedonia (Kumanovo, Tetovo, Gostivar)

The aim of this research was to evaluate the possible contamination by heavy metals of milk from cows in Macedonia. The concentrations of heavy metals were determined in cow milk from the different farms, at three city (Kumanovo, Tetovo, Gotivar)in Macedonia. Each sample, homogenized and powdered, was mineralized in a microwave oven. Quantitative analyses of Cd, Cr, Cu and Pb were performed using an atomic absorption spectrophotometer with graphite furnace; As was analyzed by hot vapor generation technique and Zn with the flame method. The concentration of many metals is low (\u3c0.1 mg/kg) such as: As,Co, Cd, Cr, Cu,Fe, Pb, and Zn

Determination of Vitamin A and E in fodder concentrates and cow milk from region of Kumanovo, North Macedonia

The main objective of this research was to determinate the vitamins A and E in fodder concentrate and raw cow milk from region of Kumanovo, Macedonia. As material for this research, samples of feed and samples of cow\u27s raw milk from the cattle fed with the same food were taken. The test material was taken from a farm in the region of Kumanovo. Vitamins А and Е have been examined with the methodology of extraction on HPLC – Perkin Elmer, pump: series 200LC, auto sampler; ISS – 200, detector LC – 135/LC -235 C DA. The amount of vitamin A in fodder concentrate was 7.5438 mcg/100 g, while the amount of vitamin E was 23.115 mcg/kg. The amount of vitamin A in raw cow milk from region of Kumanovo was 30 mcg/100g, while the amount of vitamin E was 0.86 mcg/100g

Microbiological analysis in waters of river Mirusha (Kosovo) during spring season of 2015 year

Industrialization and urbanization have degraded natura resources globally. Main objective of this study is to estimate the quality of water, of the river Mirusha (Gjilan, Kosovo during spring season 2015 year, through the microbiological analysis. River Mirusha located in south -east part of Kosovo, who pass through the city Gjilan. Samples for microbiological analyses are collected in three localities along the river. Microbiological analyzed parameters are: Heterotrophic bacteria, Total coliform bacteria, SS (Salmonella and Shigella), Streptococcus faecalis and Fungi According to the bacteriological analysis show that waters of river are polluted microbiologically. The river section examined during this investigation, demonstrate the river water belongs to the second class of quality