Determination of effect of Ballóta nígra extract on the state of lipid peroxidation and rats' antioxidant system under chronic immobilization stress

Ability to correct free-radical peroxidation of membrane lipids in rats' organism by oral administration of Ballóta nígra extract containing complex of natural antioxidants has been investigated in experimental conditions. In experiment animals were divided on 6 groups of six animals each. Rats of group 1, which is intact (conventional condition), and rats of group 2 (exposed to the stress by immobilization for 5 hours) were intraperitoneally injected through the probe with 1.5 ml of distilled water. Animals of groups 3, 4, 5 and 6 were intraperitoneally injected through the probe with 0.5 ml, 1.0 ml, 1.5 ml and 2.0 ml of Ballóta nígra extract, correspondingly, once daily prior to the stress exposition. Immobilization stress was modeled by the keeping rats for 5 hours in restraining cage. Animals of all groups were decapitated under ether anesthesia for 5 hours after modelling of immobilization stress, in other words – against the background of maximal stress exposition. Blood serum was used for investigation. Lipid peroxidation was determined, namely: level of primary oxidation products – diene conjugates (DC) and secondary products – malondialdehyde (MDA) and state of antioxidant system such as determination of catalase and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity with a spectrophotometric method. To detect changes of parameters to be examined these levels were estimated in control and test animals after 5, 15 and 30 days, correspondingly. Taking into account the results of investigation of catalase and SOD under chronic immobilization stress we can come to conclusion that these parameters correlate better than parameters of LPO (DC and TBA-AP), this indicates on significant antioxidant and stress-modelling action of Ballóta nígra liquid extract. It has been found that Ballóta nígra extract in the dose of 1.5 and 2 ml influences on the state of LPO and antioxidant system better

Development of Green Production TECHNOLOGY and Research of Harpagophytum Procumbens Root Dry Extract

The aim of this work is to study of standardization parameters and pharmacological properties of Harpagophytum procumbens (H. procumbens) root dry extract. Materials and methods – obtaining of H. procumbens root dry extract was performed in accordance with developed scheme that is characterized by simplicity and cost-effectiveness of technology compared to analogous scheme. Study of standardization parameters of obtained extract was performed in accordance with the requirements of the monograph «Harpagophyti extractum siccum» of the State Pharmacopoeia of Ukraine 2.2., harmonized with the monograph «Harpagophyti extractum siccum» of the European Pharmacopoeia 9.5. Pharmacology study of analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities were conducted on the rat paw formalin-induced edema model. Results. Obtained H. procumbens root dry extract is a free flowing, non-hygroscopic, light brown powder with taste and odor that is specific to raw material of H. procumbens. Determined loss on drying was 3.2±0.18 %. Content of heavy metals in dry extract was not more than 0.01 % (100 ppm). Harpagoside was identified by TLC method. Chromatographic zones on the obtained chromatograms of the reference solution and test solutions are the same in intensity of a color, cross-over and sharpness of development. Based on the results of the research performed by HPLC method, it has been established that content of harpagoside in investigated H. procumbens root dry extract is 2.50±0.02 %. According to the results of pharmacological research it was found that investigated dry extract (the content of harpagoside is not less than 37.0 mg/kg) showed a higher activity compared to reference drug («Phong Te Thap»). Conclusions. A new method of obtaining dry extract of H. procumbens (3.5:1) was proposed. The developed green production technology is simple; it does not require special equipment and expensive solvents. A correspondence of quality parameters with the requirements of State Pharmacopoeia of Ukraine and European Pharmacopoeia: appearance, identification of harpagoside and fructose, loss of drying, content of heavy metals, assay of harpagoside (2.50±0.02 %) was set. Analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities of H. procumbens dry extract has been establishe