Assessment of the capacity of roads weaving segments

Driving style is affected by development of cars and it has influence on the capacity of designed elements of roads and highways. Therefore, based on research, more accurate methods for assessing the capacity of road infrastructure are being developed. This paper presents the results of the research of weaving segments. It is focused on capacity assessment of these sections within the Czech Republic. Attention is focused especially on weaving segments in urban conditions with high traffic volume and on road sections with a speed limit less than 80 km per hour. Research verified the possibility of using these purposes by existing methodology developed for roads with a speed limit up to 80 km per hour.Web of Science18210610

Modelling of Metal Oxide Surge Arresters in Simulation Software DYNAST

This paper describes the possibilities for mathematical modelling of gap-less surge arresters in simulation software DYNAST. This tool does not belong to standard modelling softwares in the field of electric power engineering. However, it may provide some key advantages when compared to more frequently used softwares such as EMTP-ATP and MATLAB-Simulink. Description of the metal oxide varistor modelling at temporary and switching overvoltages, fast-front states, and lightning strokes is presented. More information about the defined internal structure of surge arrester models and ways for implementing respective V-I characteristics are provided. To verify the correct behaviour of the models, both slow and fast overvoltage scenarios are simulated and evaluated

HEIGHT AND WIDTH PARAMETERS FOR ENSURING PASSAGE OF EXCESSIVE LOADS ON ROADS

The article deals with the problem of passage of excessive transports on the roads and ensuring the necessary height and width parameters for this transport in the Czech Republic. Currently is lack of regulations for the design of communications for transit of excessive and oversized cargo in the Czech Republic. On the basis of these aspects the research in this area was carried out and the parameters were set to ensure the passage of excessive loads on the road. The article describes the issue of transportation in the Czech Republic, created database of transports with its resulting statistical analysis. It also describes the procedure for determining the resulting parameters, which should serve as a basis for the legislation and technical conditions

Multiframe Scene Flow with Piecewise Rigid Motion

We introduce a novel multiframe scene flow approach that jointly optimizes the consistency of the patch appearances and their local rigid motions from RGB-D image sequences. In contrast to the competing methods, we take advantage of an oversegmentation of the reference frame and robust optimization techniques. We formulate scene flow recovery as a global non-linear least squares problem which is iteratively solved by a damped Gauss-Newton approach. As a result, we obtain a qualitatively new level of accuracy in RGB-D based scene flow estimation which can potentially run in real-time. Our method can handle challenging cases with rigid, piecewise rigid, articulated and moderate non-rigid motion, and does not rely on prior knowledge about the types of motions and deformations. Extensive experiments on synthetic and real data show that our method outperforms state-of-the-art.Comment: International Conference on 3D Vision (3DV), Qingdao, China, October 201

UTILIZATION OF DNA MARKERS BASED ON MICROSATELLITE POLYMORPHISM FOR IDENTIFICATION OF POTATO VARIETIES CULTIVATED IN THE CZECH REPUBLIC

In the year 2007, there were one hundred and seventy-eight potato varieties enlisted in the Czech list of registered potato varieties. The classical morphometric approach to characterization is not effective for such a number of varieties especially for identification at the level of tubers. The needfulness of variety identification at the level of tubers is important mainly for trade aspect. The Czech law no.110/1997 Sb. about the food-stuff and tobacco products and the consequential ordinance (MZe č. 332 / 1997 Sb.) require guarantee of variety declaration in commercial relation for table potato. In this study we analyzed twenty potato varieties (Solanum tuberosum L.) cultivated in the Czech Republic. Every variety was represented by four independent replicates. This set of samples was analyzed by methods of PCR-SSR (Simple Sequence Repeats) and PCR-ISSR (Inter Simple Sequence Repeats). We discovered that both of tested methods afford sufficient polymorphism for variety identification, but the method of PCR-ISSR is not utilizable, because we observed the variability within variety. For outright identification of the whole set of potato varieties cultivated in the Czech Republic we recommend to use SSR, AFLP and retrotransposene-based markers as well as morphological markers

Air pollution dispersion modelling using spatial analyses

Air pollution dispersion modelling via spatial analyses (Land Use Regression-LUR) is an alternative approach to the standard air pollution dispersion modelling techniques in air quality assessment. Its advantages are mainly a much simpler mathematical apparatus, quicker and simpler calculations and a possibility to incorporate more factors affecting pollutant's concentration than standard dispersion models. The goal of the study was to model the PM10 particles dispersion via spatial analyses in the Czech-Polish border area of the Upper Silesian industrial agglomeration and compare the results with the results of the standard Gaussian dispersion model SYMOS'97. The results show that standard Gaussian model with the same data as the LUR model gives better results (determination coefficient 71% for Gaussian model to 48% for LUR model). When factors of the land cover were included in the LUR model, the LUR model results improved significantly (65% determination coefficient) to a level comparable with the Gaussian model. A hybrid approach of combining the Gaussian model with the LUR gives superior quality of results (86% determination coefficient).Web of Science712art. no. 48

Composition and microstructure alteration of triticale grain surface after processing by enzymes of cellulase complex

It is found that the pericarp tissue of grain have considerable strength and stiffness, that has an adverse effect on quality of whole-grain bread. Thereby, there exists the need for preliminary chemical and biochemical processing of durable cell walls before industrial use. Increasingly used in the production of bread finds an artificial hybrid of the traditional grain crops of wheat and rye - triticale, grain which has high nutritional value. The purpose of this research was to evaluate the influence of cellulose complex (Penicillium canescens) enzymes on composition and microstructure alteration of triticale grain surface, for grain used in baking. Triticale grain was processed by cellulolytic enzyme preparations with different composition (producer is Penicillium canescens). During experiment it is found that triticale grain processing by enzymes of cellulase complex leads to an increase in the content of water-soluble pentosans by 36.3 - 39.2%. The total amount of low molecular sugars increased by 3.8 - 10.5 %. Studies show that under the influence of enzymes the microstructure of the triticale grain surface is changing. Microphotographs characterizing grain surface structure alteration in dynamic (every 2 hours) during 10 hours of substrate hydrolysis are shown. It is found that the depth and direction of destruction process for non-starch polysaccharides of grain integument are determined by the composition of the enzyme complex preparation and duration of exposure. It is found, that xylanase involved in the modification of hemicelluloses fiber having both longitudinal and radial orientation. Hydrolysis of non-starch polysaccharides from grain shells led to increase of antioxidant activity. Ferulic acid was identified in alcoholic extract of triticale grain after enzymatic hydrolysis under the influence of complex preparation containing cellulase, xylanase and β-glucanase. Grain processing by independent enzymes containing in complex preparation (xylanase and β-glucanase) shows that more significant role in polysaccharide complex composition and grain surface microstructure alteration belongs to xylanase. Grain processing by independent of cellulolytic enzymes may decrease the strength of pericarp tissue of grain and improved sensory characteristics of the bread

VERIFICATION OF CENSUS DEVICES IN TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH

The article presents a comparison of three devices and two methods that are used to count traffic flow. All measurements were carried out at a roundabout in Ostrava, where the following devices were used: Viacount II, Icoms TSM-SA, and Nu-Metrics NC-200 traffic analyzers. The methods of manual counting of vehicles and of counting vehicles based on video footage were used. The article also provides a comparison of the results obtained, namely in terms of traffic intensity, and of the measurements of the length and speed of vehicles. Further, we evaluate the results and explore the deviations from reality and the reasons why they occur. The article concludes with the recommended procedure designed to eliminate the identified problems, in order to ensure the most accurate results, with no significant deviations

The process of setting the parameters for ensuring passage of oversized cargos

Engineering and the industry very often produce above-standard products concerning their dimensions and weights. There is often a problem with the transport of these products both within Europe and in subsequent transport all around the world. Because of these reasons, several projects to remedy the situation were implemented in the Czech Republic. The article describes the results of many years of research, which observed ensuring the passage of oversized cargos on roads. Further, the measurements, which were carried out, are presented in this paper - the measurement of an oversized vehicle using Global Positioning System devices, creation and modelling of missing cars in programs to verify the swept path, comparison of created models with the measurement using Global Positioning System devices. Then the results of the implemented researches, the suggested parameters, and modelled cars are used for the suggestion of technical parameters of backbone network of roads. On these roads, the loads are transported. The results are also used for verification of critical points of the route, e.g. problematic places and intersections.Web of Science14344242

The transport of oversized cargoes from the perspective of sustainable transport infrastructure in cities

The article deals with the transport of oversized cargoes from the perspective of parameters of road network in city environments. In recent years, there has been an increase in the transport of products with dimensions and weight considered above standard. It is very difficult to transport these products not only within Europe but also worldwide. This is also pointed out in the European directive, which recommends that all EU member states build a pan-European network of corridors for the transport of oversized cargoes. The article analyses the issue of transport within the transport infrastructure in cities from the perspective of sustainability of road networks for ensuring the passage of oversized cargoes. The article describes the results of research that was performed for the determination of parameters to ensure the passage of oversized cargoes on roads. The article also deals with the analysis of implemented transports, the results of video analysis of monitored transports, measurement of swept paths of vehicles using GPS apparatus and drones, modelling of oversized vehicles in programs for verification of the swept paths of vehicles, simulation of passage of oversized cargo, the determination of values of radii of corners, widths and heights for the transport of cargoes and the distance from solid obstacles. The precondition for the above-mentioned outputs is the practical use of results in planning the transport infrastructure on the entire communication network and the possibility of its application for designing activities associated with the construction or reconstruction of intersections on routes of frequent transport of excessive and oversized cargoes and verification of critical points on the route. The outputs of the work serve as a basis for the processing of technical conditions, which include procedures and technical recommendations within the design practice in the Czech Republic but also abroad. Emphasis is placed on sustainable, safe and economic transport infrastructure.Web of Science1310art. no. 552