Učinak dodatka proteina iz otpada kože na hematološke i biokemijske pokazatelje metabolizma i mliječnost visokoproduktivnih krava

This study was aimed to establish the effect of a fodder protein supplement from minced subcutaneous epithelium of farm animals on hematological, biochemical parameters of metabolism and milk productivity of high-yielding cows during the early lactation. For this, three groups of cows, six animals each, were formed according to the principle of analogous pairs. The control group received the main diet, the second and third experimental groups were daily fed with 300 g and 500 g of protein supplement for 60 days in addition to the main diet, respectively. The effect of prolongation of the supplement was studied over the next 30 days. Hematological and biochemical blood parameters, qualitative and quantitative composition of milk were studied in all animals. The animals of the experimental groups showed an increase in metabolic and redox processes during the experiment. An increase in the metabolism of nutrients in the liver has been found. Due to the sufficient intake of protein in the organism of animals, there was an increase in milk productivity and milk quality indicators.Cilj je ovog istraživanja utvrditi učinak dodatka proteina iz mljevenog potkožnog epitela domaćih životinja, na hematološke i biokemijske parametre metabolizma te proizvodnost visokoproduktivnih krava tijekom rane laktacije. Za to su prema principu analognih parova formirane tri skupine krava, svaka po šest životinja. Kontrolna skupina hranjena je osnovnim obrokom, a druga i treća eksperimentalna skupina svakodnevno su uz osnovnu hranidbu hranjene s 300 g i 500 g proteinskog dodatka tijekom 60 dana. Učinak dodatka proučavan je tijekom sljedećih 30 dana. U svih životinja proučavani su hematološki i biokemijski parametri krvi, te kvalitativni i kvantitativni sastav mlijeka. Životinje pokusnih skupina pokazale su porast metaboličkih i redoks procesa tijekom pokusa. Utvrđen je porast metabolizma hranjivih sastojaka u jetri. Zbog dovoljnog unosa proteina u organizam životinja eksperimentalnih skupina došlo je do povećanja pokazatelja mliječne proizvodnosti i pokazatelja kvalitete mlijeka

Observations on the Productivity of Breeding Specimens of Urtica dioica L. from European Russian Ecotopes in Comparison with the Breeding Variety under Field Crop Conditions

Nettle is most often studied as a spinning plant, as a source of biochemicals and environmentally safe fungicides. Major studies are mostly conducted on natural samples and plant populations. Prospects for the use of plant biological resources of stinging nettle (Urtica dioica L.) from the Cretaceous south of the Central Russian Upland to create cultivars for a wide range of applications are considered. The aim of the study is to investigate the productivity of fresh weight and its biochemical composition in the variety of stinging nettle Avicenna, created on the basis of the initial material selected in the Belgorod region of Russia and patented in 2019, and new promising cultivars UD 32/06 and UD 12/16. The experiments were carried out by the split plot method with full randomization in four replicates. The cultivars UD 32/06 and UD 12/16 reliably surpass the Avicenna cultivar in the collection of fresh mass weight by 16.6–22.7% and 23.1 to 27.8%, dry weight by 11.4–28.7% and 1.9–32.7%, and seeds by 19.7–32.0% and 23.2–40.0% accordingly. Analysis of variance showed a significant effect of the factor “Cultivar” on the productive traits “Fresh weight yield” (strength influence 87.2%), “Dry weight yield” (strength influence 43.9%), and “Seed yield” (h2x = 61.6%). The content of crude protein in dry weight of the Avicenna and new varieties is 21.1–24.2%, crude fat: 2.5–4.2%, fiber: 12.0–14.8%. High content of ascorbic acid, calcium, phosphorus, iron, and zinc were observed in all material tested. It is concluded that the biological resources of the wild-growing forms of Urtica dioica L. from the European south of Russia are a valuable source material for obtaining varieties, and varieties with high productivity of the aboveground mass and stable seed productivity. The obtained research results prove the usefulness of nettle cultivation

Observations on the Productivity of Breeding Specimens of <i>Urtica dioica</i> L. from European Russian Ecotopes in Comparison with the Breeding Variety under Field Crop Conditions

Nettle is most often studied as a spinning plant, as a source of biochemicals and environmentally safe fungicides. Major studies are mostly conducted on natural samples and plant populations. Prospects for the use of plant biological resources of stinging nettle (Urtica dioica L.) from the Cretaceous south of the Central Russian Upland to create cultivars for a wide range of applications are considered. The aim of the study is to investigate the productivity of fresh weight and its biochemical composition in the variety of stinging nettle Avicenna, created on the basis of the initial material selected in the Belgorod region of Russia and patented in 2019, and new promising cultivars UD 32/06 and UD 12/16. The experiments were carried out by the split plot method with full randomization in four replicates. The cultivars UD 32/06 and UD 12/16 reliably surpass the Avicenna cultivar in the collection of fresh mass weight by 16.6–22.7% and 23.1 to 27.8%, dry weight by 11.4–28.7% and 1.9–32.7%, and seeds by 19.7–32.0% and 23.2–40.0% accordingly. Analysis of variance showed a significant effect of the factor “Cultivar” on the productive traits “Fresh weight yield” (strength influence 87.2%), “Dry weight yield” (strength influence 43.9%), and “Seed yield” (h2x = 61.6%). The content of crude protein in dry weight of the Avicenna and new varieties is 21.1–24.2%, crude fat: 2.5–4.2%, fiber: 12.0–14.8%. High content of ascorbic acid, calcium, phosphorus, iron, and zinc were observed in all material tested. It is concluded that the biological resources of the wild-growing forms of Urtica dioica L. from the European south of Russia are a valuable source material for obtaining varieties, and varieties with high productivity of the aboveground mass and stable seed productivity. The obtained research results prove the usefulness of nettle cultivation

Influence of working organs of the rotary conditioner on quality of processing and speed of the dehydration of fodder grasses

W artykule przedstawiono opracowany w Instytucie im. V.R. Williamsa rotacyjny kondycjoner przystosowany do tarczowej kosiarki KR-2,1M. Jakość kosiarki z rotacyjnym kondycjonerem została oceniona zgodnie z GOST 28722-90. Charakterystyka skoszonej trawy została zbadana zgodnie z ogólnie przyjętymi metodami prowadzenia eksperymentów polowych. Test przeprowadzono na roślinach pastewnych i na trawie. Podczas badań sprawdzono jakość koszenia przez kosiarkę i oceniono jak koszenie wpłynęło na szybkość wysychania roślin. Oceniono, że rotacyjny kondycjoner jest funkcjonalny, ma prostą konstrukcję i wspomaga pracę kosiarki. Dodatkowo koszty jego produkcji są niskie.Described developed in the Federal Williams Research Center of Forage Production & Agroecology rotary conditioner with beater working organs to mower КR-2,1М produced on the open jointstock company "Sasovkormmash". Jointed beaters, installed directly on disks of the mower, have a dynamic influence on the stems of plants during mowing. The mower with the developed conditioner is tested in field conditions on the cereal-legume mixture of 1st cut. The quality of the mower with a rotary conditioner was evaluated in accordance with GOST 28722-90. The characteristic of the mown grass was determined in accordance with the generally accepted methods of conducting field experiments with forage crops. mown grass. Data on the quality of processing of plants by experimental working organs and their influence on speed of a dehydration of plants are presented. It was established that the rotary conditioner is functional, has a simple design, low material consumption and, accordingly, cost

Improvement of the process of loading vehicles with a forage harvester when harvesting grasses for silage

When harvesting plant mass by forage harvesters for haylage, maize of high ripeness for silage, etc., one of the tasks is to increase the efficiency of the use of vehicles by increasing the quantity of transported growing mass, which is achievable with proper compaction and uniform distribution of the vehicle bunker. This is facilitated by the use of an active visor with a return movement located on the silo line of the forage harvester. The results of theoretical studies on optimization of operation modes and improving the design of active visor are presented. The options for a smooth and continuous control of the working stroke of the active visor located on the silo line of forage harvester are developed. When harvesting vegetable mass with forage harvesters for haylage, corn of wax ripeness for silage, etc.one of the tasks is to increase the efficiency of using vehicles by increasing the amount of transported plant mass, which is achievable if it is properly compacted and evenly distributed over the vehicle body. This is facilitated by the use of an active visor, i.e. a visor with a return movement on the silo of the forage harvester. Theoretical studies on optimizing operating modes and improving the design of the active visor on the silo of the forage harvester were carried out in accordance with the provisions of classical mechanics. Four basic schemes for controlling the working stroke of the visor are structurally justified. The use of the proposed control concepts and active visor designs allows you to control the process of uniform and homogeneous loading of vehicles when harvesting grasses for silage by forage harvesters.Podczas zbioru kukurydzy na kiszonkę w stadium dojrzałości woskowej za pomocą sieczkarni do sianokiszonki jednym z zadań jest zwiększenie wydajności użytkowania pojazdów przez zwiększenie ilości transportowanej masy roślinnej. Można to osiągnąć w warunkach odpowiedniego zagęszczenia i równomiernego rozłożenia masy na nadwoziu pojazdu. Ułatwia to użycie elementów roboczych sieczkarni. Teoretyczne badania dotyczące optymalizacji trybów pracy i poprawy konstrukcji elementów roboczych sieczkarni przeprowadzono zgodnie z zasadami mechaniki klasycznej. Cztery podstawowe schematy kontroli udaru elementu roboczego są strukturalnie uzasadnione. Zastosowanie proponowanych obwodów sterowania i konstrukcji elementu roboczego pozwala kontrolować proces równomiernego ładowania pojazdów podczas zbioru masy roślinnej

Azolo[1,5-<i>a</i>]pyrimidines and Their Condensed Analogs with Anticoagulant Activity

Hypercytokinemia, or cytokine storm, is one of the severe complications of viral and bacterial infections, involving the release of abnormal amounts of cytokines, resulting in a massive inflammatory response. Cytokine storm is associated with COVID-19 and sepsis high mortality rate by developing epithelial dysfunction and coagulopathy, leading to thromboembolism and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome. Anticoagulant therapy is an important tactic to prevent thrombosis in sepsis and COVID-19, but recent data show the incompatibility of modern direct oral anticoagulants and antiviral agents. It seems relevant to develop dual-action drugs with antiviral and anticoagulant properties. At the same time, it was shown that azolo[1,5-a]pyrimidines are heterocycles with a broad spectrum of antiviral activity. We have synthesized a new family of azolo[1,5-a]pyrimidines and their condensed polycyclic analogs by cyclocondensation reactions and direct CH-functionalization and studied their anticoagulant properties. Five compounds among 1,2,4-triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-7-ones and 5-alkyl-1,3,4-thiadiazolo[3,2-a]purin-8-ones demonstrated higher anticoagulant activity than the reference drug, dabigatran etexilate. Antithrombin activity of most active compounds was confirmed using lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated blood to mimic the conditions of cytokine release syndrome. The studied compounds affected only the thrombin time value, reliably increasing it 6.5–15.2 times as compared to LPS-treated blood

Using Microorganismal Consortium and Bioactive Substances to Treat Seeds of Two Scots Pine Ecotypes as a Technique to Increase Re-Afforestation Efficiency on Chalk Outcrops

The present research is focused on various pine ecotypes’ seed reproduction in the chalky substrate, challenging environmental conditions on the carbonate soils on chalk outcrops in the south of the Central Russian Upland in relation to pine woods re-afforestation. The winter and spring sowing methods were studied, along with a pre-seeding treatment, by biopreparations based on a consortium of Glomales fungi, bacteria of the genus Bacillus, and bioactive substances. The seeds of two pine ecotypes, Pinus sylvestris L.; Pinus sylvestris var. cretacea Kalenicz exKom, underwent treatment. The study revealed that biopreparations and bioactive substances promote higher pine seed germination rates and ensure the stability and survivability of seedlings in an environment that is unfavorable for plant and tree ontogenesis. Applying biopreparations proved effective during spring sowing, whereas, in the case of winter sowing, their positive impact was not statistically significant. The net effect size of the three organized factors studied in the experiment (pine ecotype, biopreparation, sowing term) (h2x) on the “survivability of P. sylvestris seedlings” effective feature significantly increased from 90.8 to 93.8%. The effect size of the “pine ecotype” factor on seedling survivability in P. sylvestris was at its highest (14.4%) during the seedlings’ first-year growth period. The effect size of the “sowing term” factor was at its highest (79.4%) at the stage of seed germination. The effect size of the “biopreparation” factor was at its highest (44.0%) during the seedlings’ second-year growth stage. Our results indicate that it is preferable to create forest plantations on chalk outcrops using Pinus sylvestris var. cretacea ecotypes and with pre-sowing seed treatment via biopreparations based on a microorganismal consortium and Biogor KM. The Spearman correlation between the nitrification capacity of soil substrate and seedling survivability during the first three growth periods (from planting till the next year’s springtime) was of a moderate size (rs = 0.617–0.673, p < 0.05). To improve the growth and productivity of young and mature Scots pine stands, a Biogeosystem Technique (BGT*) methodology was developed