El impacto de las tecnologías de pantalla en personas con discapacidad

En el marco de la convergencia mediática, las tecnologías de pantalla introducen cambios en las relaciones sociales y en la construcción de identidades. ¿Cómo se apropian las personas con discapacidad de estas tecnologías? ¿Qué impactos representan para este colectivo? ¿Moderan las tecnologías de pantalla las desventajas provocadas por la discapacidad (sea física, sea de los contextos), permitiendo a estas personas recuperar una ilusoria sensación de pérdida o ausencia de la discapacidad? ¿Reproducen los circuitos de marginación para el colectivo de referencia? Estos son los interrogantes sobre los cuales el presente trabajo pretende reflexionar, explorando en las intersecciones entre tecnología, globalización y discapacidad

Interfaces y pantallas: análisis de dispositivos de comunicación

En este libro se compilan algunos resultados del Proyecto de Investigación "Interfaces en Pantallas: Mapas y Territorios", el cual parte de la consideración de la especificidad semiótica de las pantallas en el contexto actual del proceso de mediatización. El marco general en que se sitúa el análisis corresponde a una caracterización general de los mecanismos de generación del sentido en la actualidad, esto es, en un periodo particular de la modernidad, el “actual”, que es considerado desde diversos puntos de vista por distintos autores. Ya se lo nombre como “posmodernidad”, “tardomodernidad”, “sobremodernidad”, “modernidad líquida”, etc, la referencia es al periodo histórico que, luego de la caída del Muro de Berlín, inicia una nueva era marcada, en términos generales, por cambios en los procesos productivos a nivel global, por nuevas formas del ejercicio político y por modificaciones profundas en la constitución del lazo público. En dicho marco, se parte de la hipótesis de que uno de los aspectos ineludibles a la hora de la caracterización de dicho estadio del proceso de modernización tiene que ver con la creciente complejización de la mediatización.Fil: Valdettaro, Sandra. Universidad Nacional de Rosario; Argentina

Plasma microRNA ratios associated with breast cancer detection in a nested case–control study from a mammography screening cohort

Abstract Mammographic breast cancer screening is effective in reducing breast cancer mortality. Nevertheless, several limitations are known. Therefore, developing an alternative or complementary non-invasive tool capable of increasing the accuracy of the screening process is highly desirable. The objective of this study was to identify circulating microRNA (miRs) ratios associated with BC in women attending mammography screening. A nested case–control study was conducted within the ANDROMEDA cohort (women of age 46–67 attending BC screening). Pre-diagnostic plasma samples, information on life-styles and common BC risk factors were collected. Small-RNA sequencing was carried out on plasma samples from 65 cases and 66 controls. miR ratios associated with BC were selected by two-sample Wilcoxon test and lasso logistic regression. Subsequent assessment by RT-qPCR of the miRs contained in the selected miR ratios was carried out as a platform validation. To identify the most promising biomarkers, penalised logistic regression was further applied to candidate miR ratios alone, or in combination with non-molecular factors. Small-RNA sequencing yielded 20 candidate miR ratios associated with BC, which were further assessed by RT-qPCR. In the resulting model, penalised logistic regression selected seven miR ratios (miR-199a-3p_let-7a-5p, miR-26b-5p_miR-142-5p, let-7b-5p_miR-19b-3p, miR-101-3p_miR-19b-3p, miR-93-5p_miR-19b-3p, let-7a-5p_miR-22-3p and miR-21-5p_miR-23a-3p), together with body mass index (BMI), menopausal status (MS), the interaction term BMI * MS, life-style score and breast density. The ROC AUC of the model was 0.79 with a sensitivity and specificity of 71.9% and 76.6%, respectively. We identified biomarkers potentially useful for BC screening measured through a widespread and low-cost technique. This is the first study reporting circulating miRs for BC detection in a screening setting. Validation in a wider sample is warranted. Trial registration: The Andromeda prospective cohort study protocol was retrospectively registered on 27-11-2015 (NCT02618538)

Comparing accuracy of tomosynthesis plus digital mammography or synthetic 2D mammography in breast cancer screening: baseline results of the MAITA RCT consortium

Aim: The analyses here reported aim to compare the screening performance of digital tomosynthesis (DBT) versus mammography (DM). Methods: MAITA is a consortium of four Italian trials, REtomo, Proteus, Impeto, and MAITA trial. The trials adopted a two-arm randomised design comparing DBT plus DM (REtomo and Proteus) or synthetic-2D (Impeto and MAITA trial) versus DM; multiple vendors were included. Women aged 45 to 69 years were individually randomised to one round of DBT or DM. Findings: From March 2014 to February 2022, 50,856 and 63,295 women were randomised to the DBT and DM arm, respectively. In the DBT arm, 6656 women were screened with DBT plus synthetic-2D. Recall was higher in the DBT arm (5·84% versus 4·96%), with differences between centres. With DBT, 0·8/1000 (95% CI 0·3 to 1·3) more women received surgical treatment for a benign lesion. The detection rate was 51% higher with DBT, ie. 2·6/1000 (95% CI 1·7 to 3·6) more cancers detected, with a similar relative increase for invasive cancers and ductal carcinoma in situ. The results were similar below and over the age of 50, at first and subsequent rounds, and with DBT plus DM and DBT plus synthetic-2D. No learning curve was appreciable. Detection of cancers >= 20 mm, with 2 or more positive lymph nodes, grade III, HER2-positive, or triple-negative was similar in the two arms. Interpretation: Results from MAITA confirm that DBT is superior to DM for the detection of cancers, with a possible increase in recall rate. DBT performance in screening should be assessed locally while waiting for long-term follow-up results on the impact of advanced cancer incidence