Effect of Visio-Motor Ability on Performance

For children with developmental coordination disorder (DCD), the acquisition and performance of everyday visual-motor activities such as buttoning, shoe tying, cutting with scissors or writing, presents a major challenge. Regardless of the activity considered, children with DCD are typically slower and less accurate than their peers. Given the well-acknowledged difficulties of children with DCD, it is surprising to find very few research studies systematically exploring visual-motor skill acquisition and performance in children with DCD Modulation of sensorimotor rhythms (SMR) was suggested as a control signal for brain-computer interfaces (BCI). Yet, there is a population of users estimated between 10 to 50% not able to achieve reliable control and only about 20% of users achieve high (80–100%) performance. Predicting performance prior to BCI use would facilitate selection of the most feasible system for an individual, thus constitute a practical benefit for the user, and increase our knowledge about the correlates of BCI control. Motor ability modulated the impact of task difficulty on visual-motor skill acquisition and task performance. Children with DCD were as fast and as accurate as their peers in their initial performance of the simple, well-learned task (mouse). However, they were slower and less accurate when performing the complex and novel visual-motor task

Quantum Gravity Correction to Co-bimaximal Neutrino Mixings

The quantum gravity may have strong consequence for neutrino oscillation phenemomenon. We found a significant modification of neutrino oscillation due to quantum gravity effects in specific case. We also assume that just above the electroweak scale, neutrino masses are degenerate and their mixing is co-bimaximal. Quantum gravity (Planck scale effects) leads to an effective SU(2)L × U(1) invariant dimension-5 Lagrangian involving, neutrino and Higgs fields. On symmetry breaking, this operator gives rise to correction to the neutrino masses and mixing. The gravitational interaction (MX=Mpl) demands that the element of this perturbation matrix should be independent of flavor indices. In this paper, we compute the deviation of the three neutrino mixing angles due to Planck scale effects in a co-bimaximal scheme. We found that the change in θ 12 can be as large as 3.15o &nbsp

Role of trans-cerebellar diameter in estimating gestational age in second and third trimester of pregnancy

Background: Uncertain gestational age is associated with higher perinatal mortality rates and an increased incidence of low birth weight and spontaneous preterm delivery. Errors in gestational age estimation can lead to iatrogenic neonatal morbidity from prematurity. Precise determination of gestational age antenatally is a boon to modern obstetrics in context with improved neonatal survival. The most effective way to date pregnancy is by sonography. Several parameters can be considered for estimation of gestational age trans-cerebellar diameter is one such parameter. The objective of this study was to study the role of fetal trans-cerebellar diameter in estimating the gestational age in second and third trimester of pregnancy and its correlation with gestational age, BPD, HC, AC and FL. The design of this study was to hospital based prospective cohort study conducted at department of obstetrics of Government medical College Nagpur, over a period of 1 year.Methods: 500 women with sure dates between 7 and 11 weeks of gestation were booked. First trimester USG using crown rump length for confirmation of gestational age was done. These patients were advised to come for follow up till 40 weeks of gestation and repeat USG was done in second and third trimester. Trans-cerebellar diameter was correlated with expected gestational age with CRL, BPD, HC, AC and FL in weeks.Results: 98.56% of variability in gestational age could be explained by variation in trans-cerebellar diameter (TCD) only. Addition of other variables did not make any significant difference indicating that TCD alone is the strong predictor of gestational age.Conclusions: Normative cerebellar measurements throughout pregnancy permit estimation of gestational age independent of the shape of fetal head and also offer potential for evaluating abnormal fetal growth and anomalous development of central nervous system

See Through the Fog: Curriculum Learning with Progressive Occlusion in Medical Imaging

In recent years, deep learning models have revolutionized medical image interpretation, offering substantial improvements in diagnostic accuracy. However, these models often struggle with challenging images where critical features are partially or fully occluded, which is a common scenario in clinical practice. In this paper, we propose a novel curriculum learning-based approach to train deep learning models to handle occluded medical images effectively. Our method progressively introduces occlusion, starting from clear, unobstructed images and gradually moving to images with increasing occlusion levels. This ordered learning process, akin to human learning, allows the model to first grasp simple, discernable patterns and subsequently build upon this knowledge to understand more complicated, occluded scenarios. Furthermore, we present three novel occlusion synthesis methods, namely Wasserstein Curriculum Learning (WCL), Information Adaptive Learning (IAL), and Geodesic Curriculum Learning (GCL). Our extensive experiments on diverse medical image datasets demonstrate substantial improvements in model robustness and diagnostic accuracy over conventional training methodologies.Comment: 20 pages, 3 figures, 1 tabl

Circular Gene Mapping of Identified AMR Genes in Multi-Drug Resistant Escherichia coli Isolated from Potable Water

Background: Escherichia coli is a Gram-negative & facultative anaerobe bacterium ubiquitously found in all environments. It is a waterborne and foodborne pathogen associated with many diarrhoea and GI tract diseases inclusive of UTIs in humans. The rise in the number of bacteria resistant to antimicrobial drugs has a major impact on disease control efforts. Antibiotic-resistant bacteria can be found in a variety of water sources. As a result, the objective of the current study is to construct a circular AMR gene map based on the assessment of the antibiotic susceptibility profiling of E. coli isolated from twenty various potable water sources. Methodology: Escherichia coli was isolated by using IS 5887 (Part-1) 1976. The antibiotic susceptibility was assessed using the Agar Well Diffusion Assay against ten therapeutically significant antibiotics. AMR genes were identified by using Comprehensive Antibiotic Resistance Database (CARD). The whole genome sequencing was also used to construct circular AMR gene map using Proksee tool. Results: Our research clearly shows that the E. coli isolates are resistant to antibiotics. The most resistant drugs for isolated E. coli. were found to be azithromycin, ampicillin, and metronidazole, to which every isolate showed 100% resistance. Out of 20 water sources, 13 E. coli isolates showed 100% susceptibility to ciprofloxacin, doxycycline, and meropenem and 100% resistance to azithromycin, ampicillin, and metronidazole. Tetracycline and norfloxacin showed intermediate susceptibility in 78% of Escherichia coli species. 15% of the isolates in the research were sensitive to cefixime, and 38% to co-trimoxazole. A circular gene map was created using identified 59 AMR genes, including those that encode antibiotic efflux pumps for small multidrug resistance (SMR), ATP binding cassette (ABC) antibiotic efflux pumps, and resistant nodulation cell division (RND) antibiotic efflux pumps etc. Conclusion: Antibiotic overuse and misuse have caused microorganisms to become less susceptible and more resistant. As a result, treating bacterial and other infections with antibiotics is no longer as effective. The present investigation assessed the antibiotic susceptibility profiles of ten commonly given antibiotics against isolates of Escherichia coli spp. Among the other medications, ciprofloxacin and meropenem were found to be 100% vulnerable to Escherichia coli spp. Unlike meropenem and ciprofloxacin, which were the most promising antibiotics, metronidazole, ampicillin, and azithromycin were determined to be the most failed antibiotics since they were ineffective against all discovered isolated strains

Case of foreign body as a broom handle in the rectum

A 68 yrs old male patient with a foreign body (broom handle cover 11’inch) introduced as sexual perversion presented with lower abdominal pain, the management emphasis is a transanally retrieval and ruling out of rectal and colonic perforation under colonoscopy guidance under local anesthesia in pad

A rare case of bilateral bifid ribs: a case report

Bilateral bifid (bifurcation) rib is very rare malformation of thoracic wall. In this case, we observed variation involving right 6th and left 7th rib in 21 year female. The right 6th and 7th rib and its costal cartilage were bifurcated enclosing a small oval additional intercostal space

CONSERVATION STRATEGIES FOR NEPENTHES KHASIANA IN THE NOKREK BIOSPHERE RESERVE OF GARO HILLS, NORTHEAST, INDIA

The present paper focuses on the various disturbance agents such as coal mining, limestone extraction, stone quarrying, jhum cultivation, fire, grazing, over-exploitation of resources, road constructions etc., affecting the natural growth of Nepethes khasiana in the Nokrek Biosphere Reserve of India. N. khasiana is the prominent insectivorous scandent shrubs species of this biosphere reserve and is an important source of medicine and basic ornamental uses for the local garo tribal people of north-east India. The inevitable pressure due to commercialization of the N. khasiana is leading to severe destruction of the species and may create the scarcity of that species in the near future. Therefore, joint efforts need to be implemented by the local garo villagers with governmental and non-governmental agencies for conservation and sustainable use of N. khasiana. The government may also take initiative by allotting demarcated forests areas to the villagers as village forest, thus motivating the villagers to take special care for its protection and rehabilitation and for a sustainable output

Targeting of Histone Acetyltransferase p300 by Cyclopentenone Prostaglandin Δ12-PGJ2 through Covalent Binding to Cys1438

This document is the Accepted Manuscript version of a Published Work that appeared in final form in Chemical Research in Toxicology, copyright © American Chemical Society after peer review and technical editing by the publisher. To access the final edited and published work see http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/tx200383cInhibitors of histone acetyltransferases (HATs) are perceived to treat diseases like cancer, neurodegeneration, and AIDS. On the basis of previous studies, we hypothesized that Cys1438 in the substrate binding site could be targeted by Δ12-prostaglandin J2 (Δ12-PGJ2), a cyclopentenone prostaglandin (CyPG) derived from PGD2. We demonstrate here the ability of CyPGs to inhibit p300 HAT-dependent acetylation of histone H3. A cell-based assay system clearly showed that the α,β-unsaturation in the cyclopentenone ring of Δ12-PGJ2 was crucial for the inhibitory activity, while the 9,10-dihydro-15-deoxy- Δ12,14-PGJ2, which lacks the electrophilic carbon (at carbon 9), was ineffective. Molecular docking studies suggested that Δ12-PGJ2 places the electrophilic carbon in the cyclopentenone ring well within the vicinity of Cys1438 of p300 to form a covalent Michael adduct. Site-directed mutagenesis of the p300 HAT domain, peptide competition assay involving p300 wild type and mutant peptides, followed by mass spectrometric analysis confirmed the covalent interaction of Δ12-PGJ2 with Cys1438. Using biotinylated derivatives of Δ12-PGJ2 and 9,10-dihydro-15-deoxy- Δ12,14-PGJ2, we demonstrate the covalent interaction of Δ12-PGJ2 with the p300 HAT domain, but not the latter. In agreement with the in vitro filter binding assay, CyPGs were also found to inhibit H3 histone acetylation in cell-based assays. In addition, Δ12-PGJ2 also inhibited the acetylation of the HIV-1 Tat by recombinant p300 in in vitro assays. This study demonstrates, for the first time, that Δ12-PGJ2 inhibits p300 through Michael addition, where α,β-unsaturated carbonyl function is absolutely required for the inhibitory activity

Transcending Grids: Point Clouds and Surface Representations Powering Neurological Processing

In healthcare, accurately classifying medical images is vital, but conventional methods often hinge on medical data with a consistent grid structure, which may restrict their overall performance. Recent medical research has been focused on tweaking the architectures to attain better performance without giving due consideration to the representation of data. In this paper, we present a novel approach for transforming grid based data into its higher dimensional representations, leveraging unstructured point cloud data structures. We first generate a sparse point cloud from an image by integrating pixel color information as spatial coordinates. Next, we construct a hypersurface composed of points based on the image dimensions, with each smooth section within this hypersurface symbolizing a specific pixel location. Polygonal face construction is achieved using an adjacency tensor. Finally, a dense point cloud is generated by densely sampling the constructed hypersurface, with a focus on regions of higher detail. The effectiveness of our approach is demonstrated on a publicly accessible brain tumor dataset, achieving significant improvements over existing classification techniques. This methodology allows the extraction of intricate details from the original image, opening up new possibilities for advanced image analysis and processing tasks