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Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of <i>N</i>‑((1-(4-(Sulfonyl)piperazin-1-yl)cycloalkyl)methyl)benzamide Inhibitors of Glycine Transporter‑1
We
previously disclosed the discovery of rationally designed <i>N</i>-((1-(4-(propylsulfonyl)Âpiperazin-1-yl)Âcycloalkyl)Âmethyl)Âbenzamide
inhibitors of glycine transporter-1 (GlyT-1), represented by analogues <b>10</b> and <b>11</b>. We describe herein further structure–activity
relationship exploration of this series via an optimization strategy
that primarily focused on the sulfonamide and benzamide appendages
of the scaffold. These efforts led to the identification of advanced
leads possessing a desirable balance of excellent <i>in vitro</i> GlyT-1 potency and selectivity, favorable ADME and <i>in vitro</i> pharmacological profiles, and suitable pharmacokinetic and safety
characteristics. Representative analogue (+)-<b>67</b> exhibited
robust <i>in vivo</i> activity in the cerebral spinal fluid
glycine biomarker model in both rodents and nonhuman primates. Furthermore,
rodent microdialysis experiments also demonstrated that oral administration
of (+)-<b>67</b> significantly elevated extracellular glycine
levels within the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC)