Realism, Idealism and Progressive Outlook of U. R. Anathamurthy’s Bharthipura: A Critical Study

R. Ananthamurthy is a progressive writer of the twentieth century India, who was a prominent south India during the Nehru period, depicted the caste ridden society of India who believes on more on God than themselves. The writer has shown that to rule over human they made the caste system. They have made the God to create fear in the human minds. The protagonist of the novel has rightly said, “Unless we destroy God, We will never be creative. We are all like embryo in the womb of God. We remain unborn” (Bharthipura p.11). The people are so conservative that they can’t do a single work without the name of God. Jagannatha, the protagonist of the novel, who has studied in England and whose girlfriend has gone with someone else, has returned to Bharthipura village with a progressive outlook and when he sees the different kinds of sanskar of the village, he became surprised. Observing the condition of the Holeyaru, dalits, he decided to reform their condition but due to the ideology of the society that they think that they are born for cleaning toilets not for education. The reality is that our country is backward because most of dalits are illiterate due to this caste system. Jagannatha realized that their condition can be reformed after removing fear of god from their minds. He decided that he would motivate the dalits to enter in the temples and touch the god

Symbolism, Imagery and Allegorical Elements Anantha Murthy’s Samskara

Anantha Murthy’s Smaskara is a manifestation of symbolism, allegory and the use of imagery. It has shown the real picture of south Indian Brahmins. It has been considered as an allegory of superstitions backwardness and downfall of Brahmanism. The beauty of this novel is that the novelist has presented the reality through symbolic characters and myth. Praneshacharya is the symbol of orthodox and traditional Brahmanism that was prevalent at that time and which is also exist at the present period. Naranappa is the symbol of apostacy. Even in the figures of speech, he has used wordy images. But before we discuss the use of imagery, symbolism and myth, we should have clear cut idea about the meaning of symbolism, imagery and myth. Symbolism means the representation of hidden ideas and hidden concept by using some more symbols for its symbolism, as an attitude of the human mind in its approach to the material thought and idea, and to give real meaning has been relevant since the beginnings of writings

Social Resistance in Mulk Raj Anand’s Untouchable

Mulk Raj Anand was a revolutionary writer of the twentieth century India who changed the mode of writing and thinking in the field of Indian fiction writing. The novelists before him, who had written fiction, wrote the fictional side of life which were ideal and romantic in nature. There were a smaller number of issues of the society. Mulk Raj Anand’s writing brought revolutionary change in the field of fiction writing. He wrote the novels for the sake of untouchables and the poor. He raised the issues of casteism, capitalism, feudalism, colonialism and imperialism through his novels. In Untouchable, he has attacked one of the worst social evils of the Indian society which was ignored by the previous writers and that is blot on Indian society, culture and tradition that has colonized eighty five percent people of Indian society. This sensibility has ruined creativity of Indian people. Casteism and untouchability are the blots on the face of humanity. Anand seems fighting for the liberty, equality and justice of the untouchables and the poor. He appealed for the basic human rights and needs in the newly emerging civil structure of colonial and post-independence India. He had the opinion among all the fundamental rights that human dignity is the highest. Bakha, the leading character, had the resistance in the mind but he could not express it due to the fear of his caste. Bakha is a metaphor for all the untouchables of India

Missing and Defective Identity of Authors Cited in Library and Information Science Literature

The study explores the inaccuracies in the author names in journal references cited in five randomly selected theses in the subject of Library and Information Science (LIS) submitted to Banasthali University, Rajasthan, India during the period of 2012-2016, choosing one thesis per year. Five hundred and forty eight verifiable journal references appended in five LIS theses contained 924 cited authors. Findings show that 149 (16.13%) author names cited in 114 (20.8%) journal references were inaccurate. Furthermore, these 149 inaccurate author names contained 169 inaccuracies in both first name and surname. A sum of 49 errors (including 32 errors of missing of first name/initials, 6 spelling errors in first name, and 11 wrong author’s initials) in first name or initials of cited author(s) were detected. Errors related to surname of cited author(s) were counted 70 (including 45 surname spelling errors, and 25 wrong surnames). A total of 37 (4%) authors were completely missing from the five LIS theses’ reference lists. The LIS researchers have finished the academic credibility of these authors. Apart from these faults, 13 unreal and wrong author names were added in journal references. Thesis T4 had the highest errors 62 (36.69%) while thesis T1 had the lowest errors 14 (8.28%) in the author’s name element in cited journal references. Research scholars had mutually interchanged the first name and surname in 25 author’s names in several cited references. The research scholars need to be focused on instructions given in the referencing style guide

Accuracy of references in two Indian library and information science journals

The study examines the reference accuracy of two prominent Indian library and information science journals, viz. Annals of Library and Information Studies and DESIDOC Journal of Library and Information Technology. In all, one hundred and eighteen references were considered for verification. Only 39 (33%) references were correct. Among 79 incorrect references, there were total 151 errors of which 71 (47%) errors were major and 80 (53%) were minor errors. The average number of errors (ratio of number of errors) was 1.28. A proper mechanism is needed in both the journals to maintain the quality of references in terms of errors

Evaluation of Interference-Cancellation Based MAC Protocols for Vehicular Communications

Vehicular communications form an important part of future intelligent transport systems. Wireless connectivity between vehicles can enhance safety in vehicular networks and enable new services such as adaptive traffic control, collision detection and avoidance. As several new algorithms are being developed for enhancing vehicle to vehicle wireless connectivity, it is important to validate the performance of these algorithms using reasonably accurate wireless channel models. Specifically, some recent developments in the medium access control (MAC) layer algorithms appear to have the potential to improve the performance of vehicle to vehicle communications; however, these algorithms have not been validated with realistic channel models encountered in vehicular communications. The aforementioned issues are addressed in this thesis and correspondingly, there are two main contributions - (i) A complete IEEE 802.11p based transceiver model has been simulated in MATLAB and its performance & reliability are tested using existing empirically-developed wireless channel models. (ii) A new MAC layer algorithm based on slotted ALOHA with successive interference cancellation(SIC) has been evaluated and tested by taking into consideration the performance of underlying physical layer. The performance of slotted ALOHA-SIC and the already existing carrier sense multiple access with collision avoidance (CSMA/CA) scheme with respect to channel access delay and average packet loss ratio is also studied

Modified SPLICE and its Extension to Non-Stereo Data for Noise Robust Speech Recognition

In this paper, a modification to the training process of the popular SPLICE algorithm has been proposed for noise robust speech recognition. The modification is based on feature correlations, and enables this stereo-based algorithm to improve the performance in all noise conditions, especially in unseen cases. Further, the modified framework is extended to work for non-stereo datasets where clean and noisy training utterances, but not stereo counterparts, are required. Finally, an MLLR-based computationally efficient run-time noise adaptation method in SPLICE framework has been proposed. The modified SPLICE shows 8.6% absolute improvement over SPLICE in Test C of Aurora-2 database, and 2.93% overall. Non-stereo method shows 10.37% and 6.93% absolute improvements over Aurora-2 and Aurora-4 baseline models respectively. Run-time adaptation shows 9.89% absolute improvement in modified framework as compared to SPLICE for Test C, and 4.96% overall w.r.t. standard MLLR adaptation on HMMs.Comment: Submitted to Automatic Speech Recognition and Understanding (ASRU) 2013 Worksho