On tetraquark meson states

It is suggested that the narrow meson state seen in the the SELEX experiment is a $(c\bar{s} s\bar{s})$ tetraquark state. Characteristics of other possible tetraquarks formed out of $c$ and $s$ quarks and antiquarks are considered.Comment: 6 pages, LaTeX 2e, major changes in pages 2 and 3, new references adde

Parametrization of the quark mixing matrix involving its eigenvalues

A parametrization of the $3\times 3$ Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa matrix, $V$, is presented in which the parameters are the eigenvalues and the components of its eigenvectors. In this parametrization, the small departure of the experimentally determined $V$ from being moduli symmetric (i.e. $|V_{ij}|=|V_{ji}|$) is controlled by the small difference between two of the eigenvalues. In case, any two eigenvalues are equal, one obtains a moduli symmetric $V$ depending on only three parameters. Our parametrization gives very good fits to the available data including CP-violation. Our value of $\sin 2\beta\approx 0.7$ and other parameters associated with the ` unitarity triangle' $V_{11}V_{13}^{*}+V_{21}V_{23}^{*}V_{31}V_{33}^{*}=0$ are in good agreement with data and other analyses.Comment: Latex, 11 pages, no figure

Is the quark- mixing matrix moduli symmetric?

If the unitary quark- mixing matrix, $V$, is moduli symmetric then it depends on three real parameters. This means that there is a relation between the four parameters needed to parametrize a general $V$. It is shown that there exists a very simple relation involving |V_{11}|^2, |V_{33}|^2,\orh and \oet. This relation is compared with the present experimental data. It is concluded that a moduli symmetric $V$ is not ruled out.Comment: 7 pages, Latex, 1 figur

Fundamentals of Natural Dyes and Its Application on Textile Substrates

The meticulous environmental standards in textiles and garments imposed by countries cautious about nature and health protection are reviving interest in the application of natural dyes in dyeing of textile materials. The toxic and allergic reactions of synthetic dyes are compelling the people to think about natural dyes. Natural dyes are renewable source of colouring materials. Besides textiles it has application in colouration of foods, medicine and in handicraft items. Though natural dyes are ecofriendly, protective to skin and pleasing colour to eyes, they are having very poor bonding with textile fibre materials, which necessitate mordanting with metallic mordants, some of which are not eco friendly, for fixation of natural dyes on textile fibres. So the supremacy of natural dyes is somewhat subdued. This necessitates newer research on application of natural dyes on different natural fibres for completely eco friendly textiles. The fundamentals of natural dyes chemistry and some of the important research work are therefore discussed in this review article

Constraints on mass matrices due to measured property of the mixing matrix

It is shown that two specific properties of the unitary matrix $V$ can be expressed directly in terms of the matrix elements and eigenvalues of the hermitian matrix $M$ which is diagonalized by $V$. These are the asymmetry $\Delta(V)= |V_{12}|^2- |V_{21}|^2$, of $V$ with respect to the main diagonal and the Jarlskog invariant $J(V)= {\rm Im}(V_{11}V_{12}^* V_{21}^* V_{22})$. These expressions for $\Delta(V)$ and $J(V)$ provide constraints on possible mass matrices from the available data on $V$.Comment: 5 pages, Late