Pathological structural conversion of α-synuclein at the mitochondria induces neuronal toxicity

Aggregation of alpha-synuclein (α-Syn) drives Parkinson’s disease (PD), although the initial stages of self-assembly and structural conversion have not been directly observed inside neurons. In this study, we tracked the intracellular conformational states of α-Syn using a single-molecule Förster resonance energy transfer (smFRET) biosensor, and we show here that α-Syn converts from a monomeric state into two distinct oligomeric states in neurons in a concentration-dependent and sequence-specific manner. Three-dimensional FRET-correlative light and electron microscopy (FRET-CLEM) revealed that intracellular seeding events occur preferentially on membrane surfaces, especially at mitochondrial membranes. The mitochondrial lipid cardiolipin triggers rapid oligomerization of A53T α-Syn, and cardiolipin is sequestered within aggregating lipid–protein complexes. Mitochondrial aggregates impair complex I activity and increase mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, which accelerates the oligomerization of A53T α-Syn and causes permeabilization of mitochondrial membranes and cell death. These processes were also observed in induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)–derived neurons harboring A53T mutations from patients with PD. Our study highlights a mechanism of de novo α-Syn oligomerization at mitochondrial membranes and subsequent neuronal toxicity

СЕКРЕТ АЖИОТАЖА ВОКРУГ CLUBHOUSE: ЕСТЬ ЛИ ВЫГОДА ДЛЯ БРЕНДОВ

The galloping growth of the influence of new media on the process of promoting the goods and services of brands is increasingly splicing public relations with social networks. An advertising and public relations specialist in these conditions needs to find new sources of information delivery to the target audience. Let us take on this role and analyze the potential benefits of brand promotion on the new Clubhouse social network.Галопирующий рост влияния новых медиа на процесс продвижения товаров и услуг брендов всё сильнее сращивает связи с общественностью с социальными сетями. Специалисту по рекламе и связям с общественностью в этих условиях необходимо находить новые источники донесения информации до целевой аудитории. Возьмём на себя эту роль и проанализируем потенциальную выгоду продвижения брендов в новой социальной сети Clubhouse

РАСПРОСТРАНЕНИЕ ФЕЙКОВОЙ ИНФОРМАЦИИ И ПУТИ ЕЁ ПРЕСЕЧЕНИЯ ПОСРЕДСТВОМ ЦИФРОВЫХ СМИ И СОЦИАЛЬНЫХ СЕТЕЙ В ПЕРИОД COVID-19

COVID-19 marked the first global pandemic in the era of social media. Governments and brands have used social media to give people a better understanding of events and their consequences. Many have used social media to spread false information, including false statements about martial law, conspiracy theories and many other falsifications. In this regard, there was a need to find reliable sources of information about the current situation and to combat this phenomenon in general.COVID-19 ознаменовал первую глобальную пандемию в эпоху социальных сетей. Правительства и бренды использовали социальные сети, чтобы дать людям лучшее представление о событиях и их последствиях. Многие использовали социальные сети для распространения недостоверной информации, включая ложные заявления о введении военного положения, теории заговора и многих других фальсификаций. В связи с этим возникла необходимость в поиске надежных источников информации о текущей ситуации и в борьбе с этим явлением в целом

СТАТИСТИКА МОШЕННИЧЕСКИХ ДЕЙСТВИЙ В КОРПОРАТИВНОЙ СФЕРЕ НА ПРИМЕРЕ РОССИИ

The article examines the existing hierarchy of types of corporate fraud. Using the examples of several studies of respected audit firms, the picture of corporate fraud in Russia is revealed.В статье рассматривается существующая иерархия видов корпоративного мошенничества. На примерах нескольких исследований уважаемых аудиторских фирм выявляется картина корпоративного мошенничества в России

BUILDING ELON MASK'S IMAGE IN THE MEDIA

This article is devoted to the review of the materials of the leading domestic and foreign media concerning one of the world's most famous businessmen - Elon Musk. Through analysis of 6 articles, the authors found out the tone of the image formed for the persona and compared it visually depending on the source. It became clear that the national media is more favourable to businessmen. At the same time, however, the media predominantly treats only a part of the personal image elements, namely the mental and background; focusing on the activities of affiliated companies with the person. The latter point gives rise to a recommendation for Elon Musk's companies to reinstate the PR departments he closed down and hire crisis communications specialists to restore the public's positive attitude towards them

Ru/CdS Quantum Dots Templated on Clay Nanotubes as Visible-Light-Active Photocatalysts: Optimization of S/Cd Ratio and Ru Content

© 2020 Wiley-VCH GmbH A nanoarchitectural approach based on in situ formation of quantum dots (QDs) within/outside clay nanotubes was developed. Efficient and stable photocatalysts active under visible light were achieved with ruthenium-doped cadmium sulfide QDs templated on the surface of azine-modified halloysite nanotubes. The catalytic activity was tested in the hydrogen evolution reaction in aqueous electrolyte solutions under visible light. Ru doping enhanced the photocatalytic activity of CdS QDs thanks to better light absorption and electron–hole pair separation due to formation of a metal/semiconductor heterojunction. The S/Cd ratio was the major factor for the formation of stable nanoparticles on the surface of the azine-modified clay. A quantum yield of 9.3 % was reached by using Ru/CdS/halloysite containing 5.2 wt % of Cd doped with 0.1 wt % of Ru and an S/Cd ratio of unity. In vivo and in vitro studies on the CdS/halloysite hybrid demonstrated the absence of toxic effects in eukaryotic cells and nematodes in short-term tests, and thus they are promising photosensitive materials for multiple applications

Aspects of urinary tract infections and antimicrobial resistance in hospitalized urology patients in Asia: 10-Year results of the Global Prevalence Study of Infections in Urology (GPIU)

10.1016/j.jiac.2017.11.013Journal of Infection and Chemotherapy244278-283JICH