Home monitoring for frailty detection through sound and speaker diarization analysis

As the French, European and worldwide populations are aging, there is a strong interest for new systems that guarantee a reliable and privacy preserving home monitoring for frailty prevention. This work is a part of a global environmental audio analysis system which aims to help identification of Activities of Daily Life (ADL) through human and everyday life sounds recognition, speech presence and number of speakers detection. The focus is made on the number of speakers detection. In this article, we present how recent advances in sound processing and speaker diarization can improve the existing embedded systems. We study the performances of two new methods and discuss the benefits of DNN based approaches which improve performances by about 100%.Comment: JETSAN, Jun 2023, Aubervilliers & Paris, Franc

Acceptability in the Older Population: The Importance of an Appropriate Tablet Size

© 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).Presenting many advantages, solid oral dosage forms (SODFs) are widely manufactured and frequently prescribed in older populations regardless of the specific characteristics of patients. Commonly, patients with dysphagia (swallowing disorders) experience difficulties taking SODFs, which may lead to non-adherence or misuse. SODF characteristics (e.g., size, shape, thickness) are likely to influence swallowability. Herein, we used the acceptability reference framework (the ClinSearch acceptability score test (CAST))—a 3D-map juxtaposing two acceptability profiles—to investigate the impact of tablet size on acceptability. We collected 938 observer reports on the tablet intake by patients ≥ 65 y in hospitals or care homes. As we might expect, tablets could be classified as accepted in older patients without dysphagia (n = 790), while not in those with swallowing disorders (n = 146). However, reducing the tablet size had a significant impact on acceptability in this subpopulation: tablets < 6.5 mm appeared to be accepted by patients with swallowing disorders. Among the 309 distinct tablets assessed in this study, ranging in size from 4.7 to 21.5 mm, 83% are ≥ 6.5 mm and consequently may be poorly accepted by institutionalized older people and older inpatients suffering from dysphagia. This underlines the need to develop and prescribe medicines with the best adapted characteristics to reach an optimal acceptability in targeted users.Peer reviewedFinal Published versio

Les excipients utilisés en compression directe et granulation humide (application à la formulation de comprimés dispersibles pédiatriques)

PARIS-BIUP (751062107) / SudocSudocFranceF

Analyse de l'évolution des bonnes pratiques de distribution européennes des médicaments (application au transport à température dirigée)

PARIS-BIUP (751062107) / SudocSudocFranceF

Indicateurs qualité en pharmacie (détermination et exploitation de cartes de contrôle pour le suivi des performances métrologiques d'instruments de mesure)

PARIS-BIUP (751062107) / SudocSudocFranceF

Le vieillissement de la population en Nouvelle Aquitaine

International audienc

Drug delivery systems to prevent peritoneal metastasis after surgery of digestives or ovarian carcinoma: A review

International audiencePeritoneum represents a frequent site of metastasis especially for digestive and ovarian primary cancers. The conventional approach to treat peritoneal metastasis consists in systemic chemotherapy, but the median survival associated is only a few months. Recent therapeutic developments result in an aggressive strategy associating cytoreductive surgery (CRS) and hyperthermic intra peritoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC). However, a recent study failed to show an improvement in the overall survival and relapse free survival of this combo in comparison to CRS alone. Confronted to a lack of guidelines, several drug delivery systems (DDS) had been developed and tested in animal models to offer an effective easy-to-use solution for surgeons to prevent peritoneal metastasis. In this work, we reviewed most of the strategies used to treat peritoneal metastasis (PM) from digestive or ovarian origin and concentrated on 3 different DDS strategies: particulates DDS, non particulates DDS (including implants, films and gels) and combination of both (in particular hydrogels loaded with particles)

Influence of additives on a thermosensitive hydrogel for buccal delivery of salbutamol: Relation between micellization, gelation, mechanic and release properties

International audienceThermosensitive hydrogels developed for buccal delivery of salbutamol were prepared using poloxamer analogs ( Kolliphor (R) P407/P188), xanthan gum (Satiaxane (R) UCX930) and NaCl. P188 increased gelation temperature (Tsol-gel) by 2.5-5 degrees C, micellization temperature (3s. To obtain a suitable Tsol-gel at 28-34 degrees C, P407 and P188 concentrations were set to 18-19% and 1%. NaCl reduced Tsol-gel (>2 degrees C) out of the optimal range. Six formulations containing 0.05-0.1% Satiaxane (R) fulfilled the temperature criteria. Concerning the gel strength, 1% P188 had no significant effect, NaCl increased it at 20 degrees C, and Satiaxane (R) enhanced it at 20 degrees C and 37 degrees C. The release study using membrane-less (to mimic oral cavity) and membrane (to mimic buccal mucosa side) methods allowed a complete investigation showing that erosion and diffusion both contributed to the drug release but differed according to the formulation. In the membraneless method, simple P407 formulations had weak ability to retain salbutamol (T-80 = 35 min). P188 accelerated drug release. NaCl accelerated release in the membraneless method by 5-11 min but slightly reduced it in the membrane method. The hydrogels containing Satiaxane (R) exhibited the slowest release. In the membrane method, combination of P407/P188/Satiaxane (R) provided a sustained diffusion with a burst effect (T-25 = 9.6 min, T-80 = 97.8 min), which provides potential clinical interests. (c) 2014 Published by Elsevier B. V

New Preservative-Free Formulation for the Enhanced Ocular Bioavailability of Prostaglandin Analogues in Glaucoma

International audienceGlaucoma is a wide-spread eye disease caused by elevated intraocular pressure. Uncon- trolled, this pressure may lead to damages to the optic nerve. Prostaglandin analogues, such as latanoprost and travoprost (which are water-insoluble active substances), are the most used class of active pharmaceutical ingredient. To administer them as eye drops, preservatives, such as benza- lkonium chloride, are used as solubilizers. The latter is known to cause a local inflammation when used chronically and is not recommended for patients with ocular surface disorders. In this work, we sought to use polysorbate 80 (PS80) as a solubilizing agent simultaneously with sodium hyaluronate (NaHA) as a thickener and cytoprotective agent for the corneal surface. The first part of this study assessed the compatibility of the excipients with the active substance, using physicochemical methods such as spectra fluorescence and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), as well as the solubilization mechanism of PS80 regarding prostaglandin analogues using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). The second part evaluated the stability of a formula candidate, its viscosity upon instillation, and its pharmacokinetic profile in rabbits as compared to the commercially approved medicine Travatan®. The results show that sodium hyaluronate is inert with respect to travoprost, while PS80 successfully solubilizes it, meaning that benzalkonium chloride is no longer required. Moreover, the pharmacoki- netic profiles of the rabbits showed that the original formula described in the present study enhanced the ocular bioavailability of the drug, making it a promising product to control intraocular pressure with a potential reduced dosage of travoprost, therefore minimizing its related side effects

Development of Thermosensitive and Mucoadhesive Hydrogel for Buccal Delivery of (S)-Ketamine

(S)-ketamine presents potential for the management of acute pain and, more specifically, for the prevention of pain associated with care. However, the administration route can be a source of pain and distress. In this context, a smart formulation of (S)-ketamine was designed for buccal administration. The combination of poloxamer 407 and sodium alginate enables increased contact with mucosa components (mucins) to improve the absorption of (S)-ketamine. In this study, rheological studies allowed us to define the concentration of P407 to obtain a gelling temperature around 32 &deg;C. Mucoadhesion tests by the synergism method were carried out to determine the most suitable alginate among three grades and its quantity to optimize its mucoadhesive properties. Protanal LF 10/60 was found to be the most effective in achieving interaction with mucins in simulated saliva fluid. P407 and alginate concentrations were set to 16% and 0.1%. Then, the impact of P407 batches was also studied and significant batch-to-batch variability in rheological properties was observed. However, in vitro drug release studies demonstrated that this variability has no significant impact on the drug release profile. This optimized formulation has fast release, which provides potential clinical interest, particularly in emergencies