Role of Bcl-3 in solid tumors

Bcl-3 is an established oncogene in hematologic malignancies, such as B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemias. Nevertheless, recent research has shown that it also participates in progression of diverse solid tumors. The present review summarizes the current knowledge of Bcl3 role in solid tumors progression, including some new insights in its possible molecular mechanisms of action

Nuclear Factor-kappa B as a Resistance Factor to Platinum-Based Antineoplasic Drugs

Platinum drugs continue to be major chemotherapy drugs for cancer treatment. Nevertheless, acquired or intrinsic resistance to these compounds is common in human tumors. One important mechanism for this resistance is the avoidance of cells entering the apoptotic pathway. Nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappa B, NF-κB) is a pleiotropic transcription factor key in determining the death threshold of human cells. This factor is important in the final response of cells to platinum drugs, as exemplified by in vitro and in vivo models showing that inhibition of NF-κB sensitizes cancer cells to the effects of these drugs. New approaches focusing on the inhibition of NF-κB could help to minimize or even eliminate intrinsic or acquired resistance to platinum drugs

Salvadoran refugees: a case study of stress and coping

Call number: LD2668 .T4 HDFS 1987 M34Master of ScienceFamily Studies and Human Service

Análisis técnico regulatorio para el servicio de banda ancha fija y móvil en el plan nacional de telecomunicaciones y tecnologías de la información 2016-2021 para Ecuador

Establecer un análisis técnico – regulatorio que permita proponer una hoja de ruta para el desarrollo tecnológico de los servicios de banda ancha fija y móvil y la efectividad de las medidas regulatorias.En el presente trabajo de titulación realizará el análisis técnico regulatorio para el servicio de internet específicamente el servicio de banda ancha fija y móvil en el Plan Nacional de Telecomunicaciones y Tecnologías de la Información 2016-2021 para Ecuador, con el cual se pretende proponer una hoja de ruta para mejorar la accesibilidad y asequibilidad de estos servicios de banda ancha. El actual plan es el referente de la situación del servicio de banda ancha hasta el año 2015 además de su trascendencia hasta el año 2021, la recopilación de la información se apoyó en datos de instituciones gubernamentales, contrastando la información tomada como referencia del plan, la información actual y su proyección a futuro. Este análisis permitió identificar aspectos importantes y adicionales a los considerados en el actual plan y así formular recomendaciones enfocados en el área técnica y regulatoria que de alguna manera permitan el desarrollo y acceso de los servicios de banda ancha fijos y móviles en todo el Ecuador, existen leyes que se analizaron con la finalidad de proporcionar observaciones que beneficien en el despliegue de estos servicios como ayudar al crecimiento económico del país. En cuanto a la parte técnica, Ecuador es el país con el menor número de frecuencias liberadas en comparación a los demás países de la región dos según UIT, estadísticamente se pudo observar que el servicio de banda ancha se ha desplegado en el país progresivamente pero su acceso y asequibilidad aun debería de mejorar. Como resultado se identificaron aspectos que debieron de considerarse, de cierta forma en el análisis se evidencio que las proyecciones de las metas establecidas en el actual plan tienen un déficit a la hora de cubrir toda áreas geográficas, para esto se busca promover e instituir el desarrollo equitativo del servicio de banda ancha a nivel nacional que permita llegar a todos los sectores del Ecuador.Ingenierí

Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinases-4. The road less traveled

Tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs) regulate diverse processes, including extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling, and growth factors and their receptors' activities through the inhibition of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). Recent evidence has shown that this family of four members (TIMP-1 to TIMP-4) can also control other important processes, such as proliferation and apoptosis, by a mechanism independent of their MMP inhibitory actions. Of these inhibitors, the most recently identified and least studied is TIMP-4. Initially cloned in human and, later, in mouse, TIMP-4 expression is restricted to heart, kidney, pancreas, colon, testes, brain and adipose tissue. This restricted expression suggests specific and different physiological functions. The present review summarizes the information available for this protein and also provides a putative structural model in order to propose potential relevant directions toward solving its function and role in diseases such as cancer

Formulación de una Barra Energética a Base de Arroz (Oryza Sativa L.) y Cañihua (Chenopodium Pallidicaule) con Cobertura de Chocolate

El objetivo de la investigación fue formular barras energéticas a base de arroz y cañihua con cobertura de chocolate, determinar sus características fisicoquímicas, aceptabilidad sensorial y evaluar su calidad microbiológica; se empleó como insumos, arroz, cañihua y cobertura de chocolate, realizando tres formulaciones (F1, F2, F3), sometidas a pruebas de aceptabilidad en base a una escala hedónica de 9 puntos, empleándose 40 panelistas no entrenados para evaluar olor, color, sabor y textura. La prueba no paramétrica de Friedman demostró, que, a excepción del olor, el sabor, color y textura estuvieron influenciadas por la composición; el sabor y textura son las características que decidieron la aceptación de la barra nutritiva; la prueba post hoc de comparaciones múltiples de Friedman, demostró que la formulación F3 fue la de mayor puntaje de aceptación. Los análisis fisicoquímicos de esta formulación fueron humedad 7.2%, cenizas 0.9 %, proteína 7.2%, grasas 10.7%, fibra 1.6 %, carbohidratos totales 74% y aporte energético 421.1 Kcal/100 g. En los resultados del análisis microbiológico se encontró que el número de mohos, levaduras, Escherichia coli y Salmonella sp, fueron <10 UFC/g, <10 UFC/g, <3 NMP/g y ausencia respectivamente, hallándose dentro de los límites permisibles establecidos por los criterios Microbiológicos de Calidad Sanitaria e Inocuidad para los alimentos y bebidas de consumo humano

Depletion of the oncoprotein Bcl-3 induces centrosome amplification and aneuploidy in cancer cells

Bcl-3 is an atypical member of the inhibitor of NF-kappa B family of proteins since it can function as a coactivator of transcription. Although this oncogene was described in leukemia, it is overexpressed in a number of solid tumors as well. The oncogenic potential of Bcl-3 has been associated with its capacity to increase proliferation by means of activating the cyclin D1 promoter and to its antiapoptotic role mediated by the inhibiton of p53 activity. In the course of dissecting these properties, we found that depleting Bcl-3 protein using shRNAs induce a decrease of proliferation and clonogenic survival associated with the induction of multinucleation and increased ploidy. These effects were associated with a DNA damage response, a delay in G2/M checkpoint and the induction of centrosome amplificatio

Role of Smac/DIABLO in cancer progression

Second mitochondria-derived activator of caspase/direct inhibitor of apoptosis-binding protein with low pI (Smac/DIABLO) is a proapoptogenic mitochondrial protein that is released to the cytosol in response to diverse apoptotic stimuli, including commonly used chemotherapeutic drugs. In the cytosol, Smac/DIABLO interacts and antagonizes inhibitors of apoptosis proteins (IAPs), thus allowing the activation of caspases and apoptosis. This activity has prompted the synthesis of peptidomimetics that could potentially be used in cancer therapy. For these reasons, several authors have analyzed the expression levels of Smac/DIABLO in samples of patients from different tumors. Although dissimilar results have been found, a tissue-specific role of this protein emerges from the data. The objective of this review is to present the current knowledge of the Smac/DIABLO role in cancer and its possible use as a marker or therapeutic target for drug design

SMAC is expressed de novo in a subset of cervical cancer tumors

BACKGROUND: Smac/Diablo is a recently identified protein that is released from mitochondria after apoptotic stimuli. It binds IAPs, allowing caspase activation and cell death. In view of its activity it might participate in carcinogenesis. In the present study, we analyzed Smac expression in a panel of cervical cancer patients. METHODS: We performed semi quantitative RT-PCR on 41 cervical tumor and 6 normal tissue samples. The study included 8 stage I cases; 16 stage II; 17 stage III; and a control group of 6 samples of normal cervical squamous epithelial tissue. RESULTS: Smac mRNA expression was below the detection limit in the normal cervical tissue samples. In contrast, 13 (31.7%) of the 41 cervical cancer biopsies showed detectable levels of this transcript. The samples expressing Smac were distributed equally among the stages (5 in stage I, 4 in stage II and 4 in stage III) with similar expression levels. We found no correlation between the presence of Smac mRNA and histology, menopause, WHO stage or disease status. CONCLUSIONS: Smac is expressed de novo in a subset of cervical cancer patients, reflecting a possible heterogeneity in the pathways leading to cervical cancer. There was no correlation with any clinical variable