Les acquis d’une initiative locale. La mise en valeur du patrimoine industriel de la ville de Volos, en Grèce

Ville portuaire et quatrième centre manufacturier du pays, victime du déclin de son activité industrielle, Volos est devenue depuis les années 1980 le théâtre d’une opération remarquable de réactivation de son patrimoine industriel. On trouve à la source de cette initiative des préoccupations pratiques tout autant que symboliques (le désir de sauvegarder les preuves matérielles de la physionomie particulière de la ville et le manque permanent de terrains publics disponibles) qui ont conduit à..

Identikits of Smyrna/Izmir at turbulent times through surveys, plans, references and projects

Cross-checking documents, surveys, town-planning schemes, references and projects, this paper explores the processes through which cosmopolitan Smyrna was rebuilt after the fire of 1922 and became a national port-city seat of the newly-established trade fair. Some key ideas for the future of the city - a new university, port extension, and a workers’ district - had been addressed before the fire, during the years of Greek occupation. Reconstruction plans documented so far bear witness to different visions of future Izmir, shifting from a modern port served with transport infrastructure to a functional city equipped with public spaces of a new kind, able to become the scene of future collective projections. The creation of the Kültürpark on the fire zone, and the establishment of the annual fair at the Kültürpark, marked a turning point in the urban, social and symbolic reconstruction of the city. The processes of eradication and dispossession that have shaped modern Izmir can be considered a major statement in the nation-building process, while raising many questions about the arbitrary morality of what should, or need not, be preserved

In Grecia prima del CIAM. Emergenza e innovazione nei cantieri della colonizzazione rurale

In July 1923 the Lausanne Treaty enforced a population exchange between Greece and Turkey. Most Greek Orthodox refugees from Asia Minor moved to newly annexed regions of northern Greece, sheltered in tent camps, makeshift shacks and public buildings. Firstly, a census was taken of their places of origin and potential affinities. In 1923, the Greek government applied for support to the League of Nation who established the Refugee Settlement Commission. The present overshadowed any idealised vision of Greece. Standardised solutions were adopted for the new villages’ layout, individual dwellings and aggregation patterns. When prefabrication came into play, the protagonists was Fred Forbát, who also played a decisive role in the choice of Athens as the venue of the 4th CIAM in 1933. Il Trattato di Losanna (luglio 1923) impose lo scambio di popolazione tra Grecia e Turchia. La maggior parte dei profughi greco-ortodossi dell'Asia Minore raggiunse le regioni del nord, annesse alla Grecia da pochi anni, dove si accamparono in tendopoli, baracche di fortuna e negli edifici pubblici. Si censirono luoghi di provenienza e potenziali affinità. Nel 1923, il governo greco fece appello alla Società delle Nazioni, che istituì la Refugee Settlement Commission. Il presente eclissava ogni visione idealizzata della Grecia. Si ricorse a soluzioni standardizzate per l’impianto dei nuovi villaggi, le abitazioni e i modelli di aggregazione. Si sperimentò la prefabbricazione con il contributo di Fred Forbát, che ebbe un ruolo decisivo anche nella scelta di Atene come sede del 4° CIAM.

Colonizing New Lands Rural Settlement of Refugees in Northern Greece (1922–40)

The Lausanne Peace Treaty (1923) imposed a population exchange between Greece and Turkey, causing a massive refugee crisis in demographically unstable regions such as Northern Greece, which had been liberated from Ottoman rule only in 1912. The majority of the over 1.2 mil¬lion Orthodox leaving Turkey resettled in Northern Greece, with support from the League of Nations. Greece established over 1,700 rural colonies, reallocated land. They undertook significant reclamation works: an approach to nation-rebuilding based on agriculture and backed by the simultaneous founding of Aristotle University and the Thessaloniki International Fair (1926). This contribution focuses on the spa¬tial implications of this process, which entailed the adaptation of housing stock, standardized planning, and prefabrication. Houses came first: while they were being built, the vacant blocks intended for the church and school, provided unofficial early forms of public space. Methodologically, we consulted available literature and unpub¬lished material, including a substantial body of data on refugee villages along the Strymon Valley and in the Kilkis area, gathered by students of the AUTh School of Architecture in local prefectures’ archives from 1992 to 1995. Extensive fieldwork in Central and Eastern Macedonia allowed us to meet independent scholars and consult local state and municipal services. Relevant research material is held in Athens, by the Cartographic Heritage Archives, the Hellenic Literary and Historical Archive ELIA, the American School of Classical Studies ACSA, the Eleftherios Venizelos Archives at the Benaki Museum. We also accessed private archives, such as S. Demertzis’s map collection and P. Sommerfeld’s family documents about mass prefabricated wooden dwellings. To comparatively understand the phys¬ical features of each context, we produced and used maps at different scales, identi¬fying elements of the historical palimpsest which played a part in the resettlement scheme. The relationship between planning criteria and landscape, or else between housing units, field allotments and basic community facilities, called for ad hoc captions

In Grecia prima del CIAM. Emergenza e innovazione nei cantieri della colonizzazione rurale / In Greece before the 4th CIAM. Emergency and innovation in the rural colonisation sites

In July 1923 the Lausanne Treaty enforced a population exchange between Greece and Turkey. Most Greek Orthodox refugees from Asia Minor moved to newly annexed regions of northern Greece, sheltered in tent camps, makeshift shacks and public buildings. Firstly, a census was taken of their places of origin and potential affinities. In 1923, the Greek government applied for support to the League of Nation who established the Refugee Settlement Commission. The present overshadowed any idealised vision of Greece. Standardised solutions were adopted for the new villages’ layout, individual dwellings and aggregation patterns. When prefabrication came into play, the protagonists was Fred Forbát, who also played a decisive role in the choice of Athens as the venue of the 4th CIAM in 1933.Il Trattato di Losanna (luglio 1923) impose lo scambio di popolazione tra Grecia e Turchia. La maggior parte dei profughi greco-ortodossi dell'Asia Minore raggiunse le regioni del nord, annesse alla Grecia da pochi anni, dove si accamparono in tendopoli, baracche di fortuna e negli edifici pubblici. Si censirono luoghi di provenienza e potenziali affinità. Nel 1923, il governo greco fece appello alla Società delle Nazioni, che istituì la Refugee Settlement Commission. Il presente eclissava ogni visione idealizzata della Grecia. Si ricorse a soluzioni standardizzate per l’impianto dei nuovi villaggi, le abitazioni e i modelli di aggregazione. Si sperimentò la prefabbricazione con il contributo di Fred Forbát, che ebbe un ruolo decisivo anche nella scelta di Atene come sede del 4° CIAM

Preservation of urban heritage and tourism in Thessaloniki

This paper addresses some key themes in the preservation of urban heritage, tourism and planning in the city of Thessaloniki, Greece. It outlines the city’s multilayered heritage as the product of successive cultures each one leaving its particular imprint on the urban landscape; it highlights the relationship of heritage with modernisation and urban planning, and documents the recent shift towards the protection of memory in the enhancement of the city’s historic physiognomy; it commends on the eff ects of tourism on urban heritage and the quality of life; fi nally, it unfolds the current att empt for integrating heritage enhancement in new directions in planning for an improvement in the quality of life

"And There Arose a New World": Building Modernist Settlements

info:eu-repo/semantics/inPres

Habiter le patrimoine

Comment les sociétés contemporaines « habitent-elles » les lieux, les sites, les monuments qu'elles constituent en patrimoine ? Comment investissent-elles le cadre matériel auquel elles attribuent une valeur patrimoniale et dans lequel elles sont, tout produire ? Autre question : que peuvent nous apprendre les modalités avec lesquelles les groupes sociaux réinvestissent les lieux patrimoniaux sur les rapports que ceux-ci entretiennent avec l'espace ? C'est à ces questions que cherchent à répondre les textes de trente-sept auteurs (des géographes, des sociologues, des historiens, des ethnologues) réunis dans cet ouvrage. Habiter le patrimoine explore ainsi la multitude des rapports que l'Homme tisse avec ses spatialités patrimoniales, les expressions de l'habiter, les pratiques qui s'y attachent, les contraintes qui y sont liées, les conflits générés ou le potentiel qui s'en dégage... dans le contexte de la société du début du XIXe siècle