Kinetic Characterization and Partial Purification of Peroxidase in Eucalyptus F1 Hybrids

A differential pattern of peroxidase (E.C. 1.1.11.7) has been observed in reciprocal F1 hybrids of Eucalyptus (FRI-4 and FRI-5) produced using parental combination of E. tereticornis and E. camaldulensis. The hybrids were characterized for the qualitative, kinetic parameters (total and specific activity, units, Km and Vmax) and partial purification of peroxidase. The qualitative study showed the presence of high molecular weight peroxidase isoforms i.e. 260 KD, 250 KD and 110KD bands. A strong maternal inheritance was observed for 260 KD loci in FRI-5. Kinetic characterization of peroxidase revealed that F1 genotypes had efficient peroxidase system over their parental combination resulting in 8 -10 times more heterotic vigour. The FRI-5 genotypes were found to be having efficient peroxidase system with lowest Km values (0.12mM-0.17mM) and higher Vmax values ranging from 0.07-0.14mM min-1mg prot-1. The study revealed the role of maternal inheritance and was found that better genotypes are produced when superior parents are used as seed parent. The results suggest the efficient use of peroxidase marker for the identification of the better genotypes in forest tree species. &nbsp

Quantitative Determination and Source Variation of Rutin in Fagopyrum Tataricum

Buckwheat (Fagopyrum sp.) is a traditional crop of Uttarakhand (India) known for its high Rutin content, a bioflavonoid with significant medicinal properties. This study explores the quantitative measurement of Rutin in various buckwheat varieties grown in different regions of Uttarakhand using Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) and High-Performance Thin Layer Chromatography (HPTLC). Twelve seed sources of Fagopyrum tataricum from the Garhwal and Kumaon regions, along with Fagopyrum esculentum seeds for comparison, were collected. Preliminary phytochemical screening of the extracts revealed the presence of flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, and carbohydrates, with methanolic extracts showing higher concentrations. TLC analysis was employed to determine the most effective solvent system for Rutin separation, leading to the identification of three samples with substantial Rutin content. HPTLC was then used for quantitative Rutin assessment, with a calibration curve established using standard Rutin solutions. The three selected samples, along with the standard, were applied to HPTLC plates, and the Rutin content was measured based on peak areas and peak heights. The sample collected from Joshimath, Uttarakhand, known as "JOG," exhibited the highest Rutin content. This study provides valuable insights into the phytochemical composition of buckwheat varieties in Uttarakhand, which can inform the development of high-quality functional foods. Rutin, a potent antioxidant with various health benefits, underscores the significance of buckwheat as a naturally occurring functional food source. The results contribute to understanding the Rutin-rich potential of buckwheat grown in Uttarakhand and its applications in functional foods and nutraceuticals. Further research in this field can promote the cultivation and utilization of buckwheat as a source of this valuable bioactive compound with numerous health benefits

Phytochemical Analysis And Evaluation Of Antioxidant Activity In Fagopyrum Esculentum

Herbal nutraceutical products have become increasingly popular in recent years, particularly in the dermatology and cosmetics fields, because of their potential to prevent skin photodamage and their photoprotective qualities against UV radiation. Standardized herbal extracts are necessary for modern phytopharmaceutics and phytocosmetics, and buckwheat herb, which is high in flavonoids, has shown promise as an antioxidant source. The objective of the research is to ascertain the existence of various nutraceutical components in buckwheat, such as proteins, carbohydrates, sterols, alkaloids, saponins, and tannins, both quantitatively and qualitatively. The study assesses possible interactions between these components, food, and prescribed medications as the body of research on their health benefits grows. Through a variety of phytochemical tests, the results show the high antioxidant and nutraceutical qualities of Fagopyrum esculentum, with methanolic extracts showing greater activity than water extracts. Notably, the study highlights the high antioxidant activity, alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, and phenolic compounds of F. esculentum as potential major food supplement. This study offers a biochemical justification for its application in ethnopharmacology and as a nutraceutical to improve health and prevent a variety of ailment

Studies on the Analgesic Potential of leaf Extracts of Allium humile on Swiss albino mice

Allium humile is a medicinal plant found at the Alpine Himalayas of Uttarakhand at altitute of 2500-3000 meters height of sea level. In India, Allium humile, is used by local people as a spice and in ethano-medicine. In the present study, Allium humile leaves were explored for their analgesic potential on experimental model and compared to standard drugs. Allium humile at the doses of 100 mg/kg and aspirin 25 mg/kg exhibited significant (p>0.05) inhibition of the control writhes at the rate of 64.25%, 44.54%, 44.54% and 59.89% respectively when compared to that of control. Thus, methanolic extract of the plant can be fully explored for its analgesic potential which has not been reported so far. The plant extract showed a relative low toxicity hence justifies the folkloric use of plant by the local people in Western Himalayan region for curing inflammation and painful conditions

Nanoparticles as a Tool for Alleviating Plant Stress: Mechanisms, Implications, and Challenges

Plants, being sessile, are continuously exposed to varietal environmental stressors, which consequently induce various bio-physiological changes in plants that hinder their growth and development. Oxidative stress is one of the undesirable consequences in plants triggered due to imbalance in their antioxidant defense system. Biochemical studies suggest that nanoparticles are known to affect the antioxidant system, photosynthesis, and DNA expression in plants. In addition, they are known to boost the capacity of antioxidant systems, thereby contributing to the tolerance of plants to oxidative stress. This review study attempts to present the overview of the role of nanoparticles in plant growth and development, especially emphasizing their role as antioxidants. Furthermore, the review delves into the intricate connections between nanoparticles and plant signaling pathways, highlighting their influence on gene expression and stress-responsive mechanisms. Finally, the implications of nanoparticle-assisted antioxidant strategies in sustainable agriculture, considering their potential to enhance crop yield, stress tolerance, and overall plant resilience, are discussed