Chemically Reacting Radiative Casson Fluid Flow over a Vertical Plate in the Presence of a Heat Source/Sink and Aligned Magnetic Field

In this study, we investigated the heat and mass transfer characteristics of the MHD Casson fluid flow over a vertical plate in the presence of thermal radiation, chemical reaction and heat source/sink with buoyancy effects. The aligned magnetic field is applied along the flow direction. The governing partial differential equations are transformed as non-dimensional ODE’s using suitable transformation and resulting equations are solved using Perturbation technique. The effects of various non-dimensional governing parameters, namely thermal radiation, chemical reaction, heat source/sink, Prandtl number, Grashof number, magnetic field parameter, inclined angle parameter and slip parameter on the flow, mass and heat transfer is analyzed for both Casson and Newtonian fluid cases. Also the friction factor, the local Nusselt number and Sherwood number are discussed and presented graphically. It is found that aligned magnetic field parameter has tendency to control the flow and thermal field. Keywords: MHD, Casson fluid, thermal radiation, heat source/sink, buoyancy effect, chemical reaction

Magnetohydrodynamic Radiative Casson Fluid Flow over a Stretching Sheet with Heat Source/Sink

The influence of heat source/sink and thermal radiation on steady magnetohydrodynamic flow of a Casson fluid past a permeable stretching sheet was analysed numerically. We considered nanofluid volume fraction on the boundary is submissive controlled. The transformed equations governing the flow are solved numerically using bvp5c Matlab package. Effects of non dimensional governing parameters on velocity, temperature and concentration profiles are discussed and presented through graphs. Results indicate that the enhancement in Brownian motion and thermophoresis parameters depreciates the nano particle concentration and increases the mass transfer rate. Keywords: MHD, Stretching, Suction/Injection, Radiation, Heat source/sink.

Transpiration effects on stagnation flow towards a stretching sheet with induced magnetic field

In this study, we analyzed the effect of suction/injection on stagnation-point flow towards a stretching sheet with heat source/sink and induced magnetic field. The nonlinear partial differential equations are transformed into a set of nonlinear ordinary differential equations using self-suitable transformations, which are then solved numerically using bvp4c Matlab package. The effects of various physical parameters like magnetic field parameter , heat source/sink parameter and stretching ratio  etc. on velocity, induced magnetic field and temperature profiles are presented and discussed with the help of graphs. It is found that rising values of heat source/sink parameter declines the temperature filed. Key words: Induced magnetic field, suction/injection, heat source/sink, stretching sheet

Thermophoresis and Brownian motion effects on chemically reacting Casson fluid flow past a nonlinear stretching sheet

In this study, we analyzed the effects of heat source/sink on boundary layer flow of a MHD Casson fluid past a nonlinear stretching sheet with thermophoresis and Brownian motion. The governing partial differential equations are transformed in to set of ordinary differential equations by using similarity transformation and solved numerically using bvp5c Matlab package. The effects of chemical reaction parameter, magnetic field parameter, heat source/sink, Brownian motion parameter and thermophoresis parameter on velocity, temperature and concentration profiles are discussed and presented through graphs. Results indicate that an increase in heat source/sink parameter enhances the heat transfer rate. Keywords: Casson fluid, Radiation, MHD, Heat source/sink, Thermophoresis and Brownian motion

A KEY EXCHANGE PROTOCOL USING CONJUGACY PROBLEM IN THE DIVISION SEMIRINGS

In this article, we present a new key exchange protocol which works in the division semiring. We prove that the protocol meets the security of key establishment based on the conjugacy search problem and security attribute also discussed

Heat and Mass Transfer in Radiative Casson Fluid Flow Caused by a Vertical Plate with Variable Magnetic Field Effect

The aim of the present study is to investigate influence of variable magnetic field, heat and mass transfer in radiative Casson fluid flow past an infinite vertical porous plate. The governing equations of the flow, heat and mass transfer are transformed into a system of nonlinear ordinary differential equations and solved analytically by the perturbation technique with matlab package. The results obtained show that the velocity, temperature and concentration fields are appreciably influenced by the chemical reaction, thermal stratification and magnetic field. It is observed that the thermal radiation and magnetic field decreases the velocity, temperature and concentration profiles. There is also considerable effects of magnetic field and chemical reaction on skin friction coefficient and Nusselt number. Keywords: MHD, Variable magnetic field, Radiative, Casson fluid, dissipative, Heat transfer, Mass transfer

A prospective assessment study of thyroid dysfunction in moderate to severe COPD

BACKGROUND: COPD being a systemic illness affects many vital organ systems in the body. Endocrinological disorders in the form of hypothyroidism is quite common among COPD individuals than compared to the general population. Hypothyroidism in COPD leads to impaired & alterted respiratory dynamic functions which results in frequent exacerbations & respiratory failures. Although research studies has been conducted in India, the literatures pertaining to the thyroid function abnormality in COPD individuals is not quite abundant in Indian literatures. Hence this study was conducted to assess the relationship between COPD severity with thyroid function abnormality in COPD patients admitted or attending in medical OPD of Government Rajaji Hospital, Madurai. AIMS & OBJECTIVES: The present study was conducted to assess the prevalence of thyroid dysfunction in moderate and severe COPD. To measure the relationship between COPD severity with the thyroid function abnormality. STUDY POPULATION: One hundred patients diagnosed previously as COPD, belonging to either sex attending / admitted in Thoracic Medicine & General Medicine OPD / Wards at Govt. Rajaji Hospital, Madurai was included as study population. METHODS: 100 COPD patients were made to undergo pulmonary function test by using spirometer. Patients belonging to moderate & severe COPD was included as subjects in the study population. Then their blood samples were analysed for thyroid function tests to determine the thyroid dysfunction in moderate & severe COPD. RESULTS: Our study results showed the prevealence of thyroid dysfunction in the form of hypothyroidism was observed in 67 out of 100 COPD study subjects. Mean value of TSH is of significantly elevated in our study subjects (moderate & severe COPD) with its p value being significant (< 0.001). There was a significant negative correlationship between COPD severity predicting parameter FEV1 with TSH values. Mean values of Free T4 & Free T3 was of significantly reduced as the FEV1 drops down in study subjects of moderate & severe COPD. P values of Free T3 & Free T4 in our study is also of significant (< 0.001). Several other parameters showed significant relation with COPD severity predicting parameter FEV1. Mechanics such as Hypoxia, Hypercarbia, Systemic Inflammatory Mediators & Iatrogenic steroids results in hypo functioning state of thyroid gland in COPD. In our study as the severity of COPD progress thyroidal biochemical of Overt & Subclinical hypothyroidism was observed. CONCLUSION: COPD patients in their due course of the illness develop multiple systemic complications. Hypothyroidism is one among such systemic complications of COPD. As there is progressive airflow limitation, the severity of COPD progress which results in varied thyroid function abnormality particularly Hypothyroidism. Hypothyroidism has remarkable effects on the respiratory dynamics & mechanics of ventilation which culminating in frequent exacerbations & respiratory failure. Thyroid dysfunction in COPD has important role in affecting the quality of life & hospitalization in COPD individuals. Hence COPD patients should be regularly monitored for abnormal thyroid function & managed accordingly to improve their quality of life

Heat and mass transfer effect of a Magnetohydrodynamic Casson fluid flow in the presence of inclined plate

The key purpose of this paper is to study the convection of a transient state in the flow of MHD Casson fluid over an inclined layer. In addition, the influence of the magnetic field, Dufour effects and heat suction / injection through porous medium are considered in the present analysis. By the Laplace transformation process, the analytical solutions of governing equations are established. By using the particular solution of fluid temperature and species concentration, the expressions for Nusselt number and Sherwood number are also premeditated. The variations in fluid velocity, fluid temperature, species concentration, Nusselt number and Sherwood number are shown graphically for different values of pertinent flow parameters.It is noted that with an increase in the Dufour number, the axial velocity decreases and it is also noted that the concentration of the species decreases with an increase in the Dufour number.The velocity decreases as all the cases of cooling and heating of the porous inclined plate raise the suction parameter.

Heat and mass transfer effect of a Magnetohydrodynamic Casson fluid flow in the presence of inclined plate

28-39The key purpose of this paper is to study the convection of a transient state in the flow of MHD Casson fluid over an inclined layer. In addition, the influence of the magnetic field, Dufour effects and heat suction / injection through porous medium are considered in the present analysis. By the Laplace transformation process, the analytical solutions of governing equations are established. By using the particular solution of fluid temperature and species concentration, the expressions for Nusselt number and Sherwood number are also premeditated. The variations in fluid velocity, fluid temperature, species concentration, Nusselt number and Sherwood number are shown graphically for different values of pertinent flow parameters. It is noted that with an increase in the Dufour number, the axial velocity decreases and it is also noted that the concentration of the species decreases with an increase in the Dufour number. The velocity decreases as all the cases of cooling and heating of the porous inclined plate raise the suction parameter

MOLECULAR CHARACTERISATION AND PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS OF PORCINE CIRCOVIRUS-2 ISOLATED FROM INFECTED PIGS IN THE SOUTHERN REGION OF INDIA

ABSTRACT: Porcine circovirus-associated diseases (PCVAD) caused by Porcine Circo Virus-2 (PCV-2) is an emerging viral disease with serious effects on animal health, food security, and the swine industry. In this study, samples were collected from the PCV-2 suspected swine carcasses presented to the Department of Veterinary Pathology, CVAS, Mannuthy, for necropsy. Out of 39 suspected samples, seven were positive for PCV-2 by polymerase chain reaction targeting the ORF-2 gene, which yielded an amplicon size of 481 bp. The blast analysis sequences of the present isolates showed more than 98 percent homology with other parts of India and foreign isolates. The genotypic analysis revealed different PCV-2 genotypes, viz., PCV2d (57 percent), PCV-2b (29 percent), and PCV-2h (14 percent), and clusters 13, 11, and 18, respectively, for the first time in Kerala. The microscopic examination revealed lymphoid depletion in the spleen, soft palate tonsils, various lymph nodes, ileal Peyer's patches (IPP), and jejunal Peyer's patches (JPP). There were occasional botryoid inclusion bodies in mucosa-associated lymphoid tissues (MALT) with congestion in various lymph nodes. Based on history and clinical signs, gross, histopathological, and PCR results, and sequence data, the presence of PCV-2-associated systemic disease was confirmed in this study. Altogether, these findings are helpful in further understanding the pathogenesis of PCV-2, which would help to evolve better strategies for improved disease control and prevention in pigs. Future investigations on the pathogenesis of these new genetic variants of isolates obtained in the present study are required for a better understanding of the pathogenesis of the disease