Occurrence of and attempts to eradicate grape phylloxera (Homoptera: Phylloxeridae) in British Columbia

oai:jesbc.journals.sfu.ca:article/1817The chronological occurrence, survey methods, and eradication programs of the grape phylloxera, Phyiloxera vitifoliae (Fitch), in British Columbia are described. The insect was first found in the Okanagan Valley in 1961. Though an eradication program at that time was apparently successful, the insect reappeared in 1971. It is now well established in the area. The pest was accidentally introduced on imported vines

Decentralization in the Netherlands: from blueprints to tailor-made services?

The politics and administration of institutional chang

Cerebellar Zones: A Personal History

Cerebellar zones were there, of course, before anyone noticed them. Their history is that of young people, unhindered by preconceived ideas, who followed up their observations with available or new techniques. In the 1960s of the last century, the circumstances were fortunate because three groups, in Leiden, Lund, and Bristol, using different approaches, stumbled on the same zonal pattern in the cerebellum of the cat. In Leiden, the Häggqvist myelin stain divulged the compartments in the cerebellar white matter that channel the afferent and efferent connections of the zones. In Lund, the spino-olivocerebellar pathways activated from individual spinal funiculi revealed the zonal pattern. In Bristol, charting the axon reflex of olivocerebellar climbing fibers on the surface of the cerebellum resulted in a very similar zonal map. The history of the zones is one of accidents and purposeful pursuit. The technicians, librarians, animal caretakers, students, secretaries, and medical illustrators who made it possible remain unnamed, but their contributions certainly should be acknowledged

Pain Management in Patients with Cancer: Focus on Opioid Analgesics

Cancer pain is generally treated with pharmacological measures, relying on using opioids alone or in combination with adjuvant analgesics. Weak opioids are used for mild-to-moderate pain as monotherapy or in a combination with nonopioids. For patients with moderate-to-severe pain, strong opioids are recommended as initial therapy rather than beginning treatment with weak opioids. Adjunctive therapy plays an important role in the treatment of cancer pain not fully responsive to opioids administered alone (ie, neuropathic, bone, and visceral colicky pain). Supportive drugs should be used wisely to prevent and treat opioids’ adverse effects. Understanding the pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, interactions, and cautions with commonly used opioids can help determine appropriate opioid selection for individual cancer patients

Formation de radicaux libres sur la surface des montmorillonites

Recent contributions from Ducros, Chaussidon and Fripiat' s laboratories have shown that residual water molecules firmly held in interlayer position between montmorillonite sheets have a degree of dissociation higher than usual. Interesting physical and chemical properties due to this dissociation phenomenon have been reported elsewhere. The present paper aims to describe the deep modifications undergone by cyclic and polycyclic derivatives adsorbed by montmorillonites . Triphenyl carbinol is transformed into triphénylcarbonium by reaction with the protons produced by the dissociation of residual water. Coronene and ovalene are also deeply modified but the nature of this reaction is still hypothetical. U.V. spectroscopy ans X-Ray diffraction were the main analytical tools used in this work.Des recherches récentes menées dans les laboratoires de Ducros, de Chaussidon et de Fripiat ont montré que l'eau résiduelle fortement adsorbée par les surfaces internes de la mont-morillonite était caractérisée par un degré de dissociation particulièrement élevé. Il en découle diverses conséquences tant dans le domaine des propriétés physiques que chimiques. Le but de cette contribution est de montrer que des dérivés polycycliques adsorbés par la montmorillonite subissent de profondes modifications de structure. Le triphénylcarbinol forme l'ion triphénylcarbonium par réaction avec les ions hydrogène provenant de la décomposition de l'eau résiduelle. Le coronène et l'ovalène adsorbés par les montmorillonites subissent des modifications dont la nature est encore hypothétique. La spectroscopic dans l'ultraviolet a été la technique principalement utilisée mais la diffraction des rayons X a également fourni des indications intéressantes .Fripiat José Jean, Helsen J., Vielvoye L. Formation de radicaux libres sur la surface des montmorillonites. In: Bulletin du Groupe français des argiles. Tome 15, nouvelle série n°10, 1964. pp. 3-10

Embolisatie van skeletmetastasen bij patiënten met gedifferentieerd schildkliercarcinoom

Treatment options in patients with bone metastases of differentiated thyroid carcinoma are limited and mostly aimed at palliation. Conventional treatment modalities are: radioiodine therapy, surgery or external irradiation. A lesser known option is selective embolization of tumour metastases. During selective catheterization of the arteries that feed the metastases embolization material (e.g. polyvinyl alcohol particles) is injected into the local vasculature under radiographic control. The embolization is immediately evaluated angiographically. This therapy was used in three patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma, a 60-year-old man suffering from back ache, paresis and afterwards paralysis of the lower body parts with incontinence, and in two women aged 59 years (suffering from diplopia and a pelvic metastasis) and aged 27 years (suffering from neurological symptoms or pain of the right leg due to a pelvic metastasis). In all three the symptoms disappeared after the embolization and ensuing treatment with radioactive iodine. Due to recurrent increase in serum thyroglobulin concentration repeated re-embolization was necessary, but during a follow-up period of 3-5 years the palliation remained adequate. Selective embolization appears to be a safe and efficacious treatment, with good tolerability for the patient. Embolization alone or preferably preceded by radioiodine therapy may lead to decreased tumour progression and often gives rise to immediate relief of symptoms

Embolization of skeletal metastases in patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma

Treatment options in patients with bone metastases of differentiated thyroid carcinoma are limited and mostly aimed at palliation. Conventional treatment modalities are: radioiodine therapy, surgery or external irradiation. A lesser known option is selective embolization of tumour metastases. During selective catheterization of the arteries that feed the metastases embolization material (e.g. polyvinyl alcohol particles) is injected into the local vasculature under radiographic control. The embolization is immediately evaluated angiographically. This therapy was used in three patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma, a 60-year-old man suffering from back ache, paresis and afterwards paralysis of the lower body parts with incontinence, and in two women aged 59 years (suffering from diplopia and a pelvic metastasis) and aged 27 years (suffering from neurological symptoms or pain of the right leg due to a pelvic metastasis). In all three the symptoms disappeared after the embolization and ensuing treatment with radioactive iodine. Due to recurrent increase in serum thyroglobulin concentration repeated re-embolization was necessary, but during a follow-up period of 3-5 years the palliation remained adequate. Selective embolization appears to be a safe and efficacious treatment, with good tolerability for the patient. Embolization alone or preferably preceded by radioiodine therapy may lead to decreased tumour progression and often gives rise to immediate relief of symptoms.</p