IN VITRO ANTIHEMOLYTIC AND ANTI-ARTHRITIC ACTIVITIES OF ARISTOLOCHIA BRACTEATA (Lam.)

Background: Aristolochia bracteata (Lam.) is described in Ayurveda for the treatment of painful inflammations, cardiac disorders. Objectives: The present study was aimed to investigate the phytochemical, in vitro antihemolytic and anti-arthritic activities of ethanolic extracts of leaf, stem and root of A. bracteata. The phytochemical, in vitro antihemolytic and anti-arthritic activities of different parts of A. bracteata by standard protocols. Results: The various bioactive phytocompounds such as carbohydrates, flavonoids, saponins, steroids and coumarins present in leaf, stem and roots of A. bracteata. The maximum protection of RBC membrane lysis was observed in ethanolic extract of A. bracteata. The ethanolic extracts of stem exhibited significant protection of membrane denaturation and proteinase inhibitory activities.  Conclusion: So, from this result indicates A. bracteata may be used in designing various pharmacological drugs and treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.Â

EVALUATION OF IN VITRO THROMBOLYTIC AND ANTIPROTEINASE ACTIVITIES OF WEDELIA TRILOBATA (LINN.)

ABSTRACTObjective: To determine the phytoconsistutents and in vitro thrombolytic and antiproteinase activities of aqueous extracts of leaf, stem and root of Wedelia trilobata.Methods: In vitro thrombolytic activity of aqueous extracts of different parts of W. trilobata against thrombolysis. In vitro antiproteinase activity of aqueous extracts of different parts of W. trilobata. Results: Phytochemical screening of aqueous extracts of leaf, stem and flower of W. trilobata showed various bioactive constituents such as carbohydrates, protein, phenols, tannins, saponins, alkaloids, terpenoids and quinines in all three parts of aqueous extracts. The maximum dissolution of blood clot (thrombolysis or fibrinolysis) was observed in leaf extracts, when compared to stem and extracts of flower W. trilobata. The highest degree of proteinase activity was showed in stem of W. trilobata. Conclusions: Since the aqueous extracts of different part of W. trilobata possess pharmacological active phytocompounds may be responsible for thrombolytic and antiproteinase activities. In further, to isolate the phytocompounds from this plant may be substantiate an effective drug in pharmacologic aspect as thrombolytic and anti inflammatory therapy.Keywords: Wedelia trilobata, leaf, stem, flower, aqueous extracts. Â

A Study on Digital Marketing and Its Types: A Deep Review of Pros and Cons

Digital marketing is one of the new trendy terms that is used in recent days. Digital marketing can be defined as marketing products or services to a group of targeted consumers to improve the market share of the business with the help of electronic devices. Digital marketing was used in 1970 and it developed in 2000, it was the period when there was a shift from traditional marketing to digital marketing.  The study was done with the help of secondary data. Various literature and web sources were used to do a deep study on digital marketing and its types. Reports, case studies, research papers, articles, newspaper articles, and websites have been used. The reason behind this research paper is to have a complete understanding of digital marketing types and its pros and cons

A comparative study of intravenous dexmedetomidine and midazolam on prolongation of spinal anesthesia

Background: The present study was conducted to compare the efficacy and safety of intravenous dexmedetomidine and midazolam on prolongation of spinal anesthesia.Methods: The study population included people who were undergoing for spinal anesthesia for various surgeries. A total of 90 subject were randomized equally to Dexmedetomidine, Midazolam and saline groups using a computer generated random number sequence. Three study groups were compared with respect to all the baseline variables. The key outcome parameters and hemodynamic parameters were compared among the three study groups.Results: No statistically significant differences were observed in baseline paramters across study groups. The median values of patient satisfaction score and anesthesiologist satisfaction score were almost equal among three study groups, but the association was statistically not significant. The median VAS and the median HSL were slightly lower in dexmedetomidine group than other two groups (VAS-1,2,3 respectively and HSL -4,6,6 respectively) with statistically significant association (P0.05) except with number of patients requiring analgesic for the first 24 hours (P value<0.05).Conclusions: Measurement of patient and anesthesiologist satisfaction scores are more or less similar in midazolam and dexmedetomidine groups compare to saline group

Antenatal ultrasound and postpartum histopathological study of placenta in high risk pregnancies and its correlation with fetal outcome

INTRODUCTION: As the placenta grows and ages, the histological changes suggest an increase in the efficiency of transport to meet the metabolic requirements of growing fetus. Hence any insult to placenta during development stage quantification of the placental changes is essential to correlate the outcome in terms of the fetus. With the advent of ultrasonography, antenatal evaluation of placenta has become essential in high risk pregnancy as fetal problems and neonatal outcome depend upon the status, growth and abnormalities of placenta. AIM AND OBJECTIVES: 1. To find out placental maturational changes (Grading and Thickness) ultrasonographically in high risk pregnancy. 2. To find out the histopathological changes of placenta in high risk pregnancies including pregnancy induced hypertension, post term pregnancy, Diabetes mellitus complicating pregnancy, preterm pregnancy and pregnancy complicated by antepartum haemorrhage. 3. To correlate above findings with fetal outcome (fetal distress, mode of delivery, birth weight, Apgar at 5 minutes, still births and perinatal deaths). To compare the results of normal and high risk pregnancy groups. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Stratified random selection of 50 cases of high risk pregnancy [Hypertension – 10, preterm labour – 10 cases, diabetes mellitus – 10, antepartum haemorrhage – 10 and post term pregnancy – 10 and 50 cases of normal pregnancy of gestational age more than 28 weeks. Ultrasonographic placental study was done [grading according to Grannum’s grading system (1979) and thickness measured from site of cord insertion to the margin of the placenta ], with in one week prior to delivery. Placentas from high risk and normal pregnancies were collected and fixed with 1 % formalin. Placental cross sectioning was done through the entire thickness beginning from one to the other margin at 3 to 4 cms distance. 3 bits, one from normal and two from abnormal areas were taken for histopathological examination. RESULTS AND ANALYSIS: The present study shows a significant correlation between the histological abnormalities of placenta and fetal outcome. But the pathologic changes in the placenta are not specific to a particular disorder and a variety of disorders may have similar changes. Adverse fetal outcomes are associated with increasing grades of syncitial knots, fibrosis, fibrinoid necrosis and infarction. also when the leukocyte infiltration and calcification are present there is increased percentage of fetal distress, low apgar and still birth. CONCLUSION: The ultrasonograhic and histopathological study of placenta may suggest the possible pathogenesis due to decreased or compromised uteroplacental function. Early detection, timely intervention and good antenatal care of high risk patients may prevent the adverse fetal outcome and thus reduce the incidence of fetal growth restriction

ANDROID - ARM BASED SWITCH CONTROL USING SMART PHONE

The main idea behind this proposal is to provide an ease off access to the user by providing full control over his/her entire home. Due to modern city life we never find time to check any of our electric appliances, switches, thermostats, air conditioners and so on, whether they are regularly switched off when not in use. This results in Energy wastage, security risk, and eventually leads to stress. In our method we suggest an ease off method by using an Android phone with minimal power specifications