Design rules management, state of the art analyze and proposal of a context-aware approach

In manufacturing industries, the design of a product needs to comply with many design rules. These rules are essentials as they help industrial designers to create high quality conception in an efficient way. [Problem] Howev-er, the management of an ever-increasing number of design rules becomes a real problem, especially for new designers. Even if there exists some knowledge man-agement tools for design rules, their capabilities are still limited and many compa-nies continue to store their design rules in unstructured documents. Nowadays, de-sign rule application is still a difficult task that needs a circular validation process between many expert services in a manufacturing company. [Proposition] In this paper, we will analyze the main existing approaches for design rules application from which we will demonstrate the need of a new approach to improve the cur-rent state-of-the-art practices. To minimize rule application impact on the design process, we propose to develop a Context-Aware Design Assistant that will per-form design rule recommendation on the fly while designing using computer-aided technologies. Our Design Assistant relies on the modelling of the design rules and the design context in a single knowledge graph that can fuel a recom-mendation engine. [Future Work] In future work, we will describe the technical structure of the Context-Aware Design Assistant and develop it. The potential out-come of this research are: a better workflow integration of design rules applica-tion, a proactive verification of design solutions, a continuous learning of design rules, the detection and automation of design routines

Influence of orthodontic premolar extraction therapy on the eruption of the third molars A systematic review of the literature

International audienceBackground. Through a systematic literature review, the authors assess the effect of premolar extractions on third-molar (M3) eruption considering eruption rate, retromolar space, and molar angulation. Types of Studies Reviewed. The authors performed a systematic search using MEDLINE and Web of Science databases up through April 2017 to identify quality studies available comparing M3 eruption between a group with premolar extraction and a group without premolar extraction. Results. Twelve comparative retrospective cohort studies met all the inclusion criteria. The authors found in 5 studies comparing the rate of M3 eruption that there were significantly higher results in the group with extractions. They found in 5 studies comparing the evolution of the retromolar space significantly higher results in the group with extractions. Lastly, concerning the uprighting of the M3 during treatment, the authors found only 2 studies showing significant differences between the 2 groups, each time in favor of the group with extractions. Conclusions and Practical Implications. The dental literature on premolar extraction related to the eruption of the M3 is composed of average-quality retrospective studies. Premolar extraction significantly improves the chances of M3 eruption, but the level of evidence of comparative retrospective cohort studies is low. Clinicians must continue to rely on their judgment regarding premolar extraction on a case-by-case basis until the evidence is stronger. Retrospective studies with standardized protocols and more detailed methodologies are required to obtain higher levels of evidence

Key issues for a manufacturing data query system based on graph

Manufacturing industry data are distributed, heterogeneous and numerous, resulting in different challenges including fast, exhaustive and relevant querying of data. In order to provide an innovative answer to this challenge, the authors consider an information retrieval system based on a graph database. In this paper, the authors focus on determining the key issues to consider in this context. The authors define a three-step methodology using root causes analysis. This methodology is then applied to a data set and queries representative of an industrial use case. As a result, the authors list four main issues: (i) semantic extension of keyword search, (ii) the treatment of syntactic heterogeneity contained in unstructured data, (iii) the results treatment by relevance order and (iv) the detection of relationships between a priori unrelated data. The authors conclude by discussing potential resolutions of these four issues, suggest adapting the methodology used in the paper to evaluate a future proposal, and finally open the possibility of using the results beyond the manufacturing domain

Design rules application in manufacturing industries: a state of the art survey and proposal of a context-aware approach

International audienceIn manufacturing industries, the design of a product needs to comply with many design rules. These rules are essentials as they help industrial designers to create high quality conception in an efficient way. [Problem] Howev-er, the management of an ever-increasing number of design rules becomes a real problem, especially for new designers. Even if there exists some knowledge man-agement tools for design rules, their capabilities are still limited and many compa-nies continue to store their design rules in unstructured documents. Nowadays, de-sign rule application is still a difficult task that needs a circular validation process between many expert services in a manufacturing company. [Proposition] In this paper, we will analyze the main existing approaches for design rules application from which we will demonstrate the need of a new approach to improve the cur-rent state-of-the-art practices. To minimize rule application impact on the design process, we propose to develop a Context-Aware Design Assistant that will per-form design rule recommendation on the fly while designing using computer-aided technologies. Our Design Assistant relies on the modelling of the design rules and the design context in a single knowledge graph that can fuel a recom-mendation engine. [Future Work] In future work, we will describe the technical structure of the Context-Aware Design Assistant and develop it. The potential out-come of this research are: a better workflow integration of design rules applica-tion, a proactive verification of design solutions, a continuous learning of design rules, the detection and automation of design routines

Design rules application in manufacturing industries: a state of the art survey and proposal of a context-aware approach

[Context] In manufacturing industries, the design of a product needs to com-ply with many design rules. These rules are essentials as they help industrial designers to create high quality designs in an efficient way. [Problem] How-ever, the management of an ever-increasing number of design rules becomes a real problem, especially for novice designers. Even if there exists some knowledge engineering tools for managing design rules, their capabilities are still limited and many companies continue to store their design rules in un-structured documents. Nowadays, the application of design rules remains a difficult task that needs a circular validation process between many experts in a manufacturing company. [Proposition] In this paper, we will analyze the main existing approaches for the application of design rules and we will demonstrate the need of a new approach to improve the current state-of-the-art practices. To minimize rule application impact on the design process, we propose to develop a Context-Aware Design Assistant that will recommend design rules on the fly while using computer-aided design software. Our de-sign assistant relies on the modelling of the design rules and the design con-text in a single knowledge graph that can fuel a recommendation engine. [Fu-ture Work] In future work, we will describe the technical structure of the Con-text-Aware Design Assistant and develop it. The potential outcome of this re-search are: a better workflow integration of design rules application, a proac-tive verification of design solutions, a continuous learning of design rules and the detection and automation of design routines.Capgemini DEM

Efficacité des techniques de décortication alvéolaire sélective dans l’accélération du traitement orthodontique : une revue systématique de la littérature

Introduction : Les publications scientifiques concernant l’accélération du traitement orthodontique, et plus particulièrement les techniques chirurgicales de corticotomies alvéolaires ont vu leur nombre croître exponentiellement au cours de ces dernières années. L’objectif de cette revue systématique de la littérature était d’évaluer l’efficacité de ces corticotomies en se basant sur des études réalisées chez l’Homme. Matériel et méthode : La revue fut entreprise à partir des bases de données Medline et Web of Science Core Collection afin d’identifier les essais cliniques prospectifs contrôlés ayant pour critère de jugement principal la durée du traitement orthodontique ou la vitesse du déplacement dentaire. Résultats : Onze études répondaient à l’ensemble des critères d’inclusion. Six analysaient la durée du traitement et trouvaient des valeurs plus courtes dans le groupe expérimental que dans le groupe contrôle, avec un gain variant de 8 à 34 semaines. Cinq analysaient la vitesse du déplacement dentaire et trouvaient des valeurs 2,3 fois supérieures en moyenne au cours du premier mois dans les groupes expérimentaux et 1,9 fois au cours du deuxième et du troisième mois, enfin 1,3 fois au cours du quatrième mois. La technique semblait par ailleurs diminuer le risque de résorption radiculaire et améliorer l’ancrage molaire. De plus, elle présentait une bonne tolérance parodontale. Conclusion : La littérature actuelle met en exergue l’efficacité des décortications chirurgicales pendant les trois à quatre premiers mois post-opératoires. Des études prospectives plus longues devront être menées afin d’évaluer leurs effets sur le long terme

Transplant surgical templates for dental autotransplantation: a technical note

Introduction: This technical note presents the autotransplantation of an impacted third molar to replace a severely damaged homolateral molar using a surgical template of the tooth to be transplanted to prepare the recipient site based on an original protocol. Technique: Mandibular molar extraction is first performed, and autotransplantation is done after 7 days. Alveolar adjustment of the receiving socket is done using a resin replica of the tooth to be transplanted; the replica is obtained using DICOM diagnosis data. The three-dimensional (3D) replica is produced using 3D printing techniques with photopolymerizable methacrylate resin. Once the recipient site is ready, the transplant is avulsed. Immediate positioning of the tooth in the new socket will save a tremendous amount of extra-alveolar time. Cross-stitch sutures are done to obtain complete restraint, and endodontic treatment is administered after 15 days. Postoperative clinical and radiographic examination showed periodontal healing after postoperative 6 months. Comments: The use of the surgical template resulted in an extra-alveolar time of below 5 s and preservation of healthy periodontal ligament cells of the donor tooth as much as possible. Conclusion: The 3D technology, from imaging to printing, can drive the improvement of prognosis in a tooth autotransplantation protocol

Essential issues to consider for a manufacturing data query system based on graph

Actes en cours de publicationManufacturing industry data are distributed, heterogeneous and numerous, resulting in different challenges including the fast, exhaustive and relevant querying of data. In order to provide an innovative answer to this challenge, the authors consider an information retrieval system based on a graph database. In this paper, the authors focus on determining the essential functions to consider in this context. The authors define a three-step methodology using root causes analysis and resolution. This methodology is then applied to a data set and queries representative of an industrial use case. As a result, the authors list four major issues to consider and discuss their potential resolutions.Chaire Capgemini-ENSAM sur le PLM du futu

Maxillary restoration with complete maxillary prosthesis supported by implants with immediate loading: clinical retrospective study of 48 cases

Introduction: In recent years, the immediate loading procedure for the rehabilitation of edentulous jaws has gained popularity among patients and practitioners. The purpose of this study was to evaluate implant and prosthetic success rates for the rehabilitation of edentulous maxillae using tilted distal implants and immediate loading of prostheses, after 2 years. Material and method: Patients included in the study received a complete prosthesis of the upper arch, attached to 4, 5 or 6 implants. The provisional prosthesis was fixed the same day the implants were placed. After a period of osseointegration, the provisional prosthesis was replaced by a definitive prosthesis with a titanium framework made using computer-aided design/computer-assisted manufacturing (CAD/CAM) technology. Judgment criteria were the implant success rate, the provisional prosthesis success rate, and the definitive prosthetic success rate. Results: Two hundred and forty-two implants were placed in 48 patients. Five implants were lost, resulting in an implant survival at 2 years of 97.9%. Two provisional fixed prosthesis had to be temporarily replaced by a removable solution, resulting in a provisional prosthesis success rate of 95.8%. The definitive prosthesis success rate was 100%. Discussion: Use of a provisional prosthesis during the osseointegration period is essential, both for the preparation of the final prosthesis as well as for proper management of potential implant failures. Implant failures are more easily managed if at least five implants were originally placed

Grafting Copper Atoms and Nanoparticles on Double-Walled Carbon Nanotubes: Application to Catalytic Synthesis of Propargylamine

International audienceThe decoration of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) by metal nanoparticles (NPs) combines the advantages of a high specific surface material with catalytic properties of metal nanocrystals. Little work has been devoted to the decoration of CNTs with copper NPs, and no evidence of copper atomic decoration of CNTs has shown up until now. Herein, we demonstrate that the strong acidic oxidation of double-walled CNTs (dwCNTs) is very efficient for the decoration of the carbon surface by copper NPs and atoms. This treatment severely degraded the CNT walls and generated a large amount of disordered sp3 carbon. This amorphous carbon film bears many chemically active functions like carboxyl and hydroxyl ones. In such conditions, the CNT walls behave as very efficient ligands for the stabilization of copper obtained by the thermolysis of the mesityl precursor in organic solution under mild dihydrogen pressure. In addition to copper NPs, we evidenced the presence of a regular coverage with copper atoms over the dwCNTs. This nanocomposite catalyzes the quantitative synthesis of propargylamines via one A3-type coupling reaction. Five consecutive catalytic cycles with 100% yield could be performed with no loss of activity, and the combination of Cu supported on dwCNTs allows a facile recycling of the catalytic material