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    Funciones ejecutivas y alta capacidad intelectual = Executive functions and high intellectual capacity

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    Introduction. High intellectual capacity is a process in development in which the executive functions (inhibition, working memory and fl exibility) play a role in the optimal manifestation of their potential. Aim. To explore the eff ectiveness of executive functioning among the profi les of high capacity giftedness and (convergent or divergent) talent. Subjects and methods. The study examines 78 children with high intellectual capacity aged 8-15 years with profi les of giftedness (n = 21), convergent talent (n = 39) or divergent talent (n = 18). A series of tests were administered including the Battery of Differential and General Aptitudes or the Differential Aptitude Test (depending on the age) and the Torrance Test of Creative Thinking, as well as the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test, the Corsi Test and the Go-No Go Test by means of the Psychology Experiment Building Language platform. A multivariate analysis of variance was performed to determine the relationship between executive function and intellectual profile. Results. Significant differences are obtained between the profiles studied and the executive functions of flexibility and inhibition, but not in working memory. Conclusion. Working memory is similar across the profiles studied, but the complex profile of giftedness displays better executive functioning, with greater flexibility and inhibition than talent, especially of the convergent type. 漏 2016 Revista de Neurolog铆a.---Introducci贸n. La alta capacidad intelectual es un proceso en desarrollo en el que las funciones ejecutivas (inhibici贸n, memoria de trabajo y flexibilidad) desempe帽an un papel en la manifestaci贸n 贸ptima de su potencial. Objetivo. Explorar la eficacia del funcionamiento ejecutivo entre los perfiles de alta capacidad de superdotaci贸n y talento (convergente o divergente). Sujetos y m茅todos. Se estudiaron 78 ni帽os con alta capacidad intelectual de 8-15 a帽os con perfiles de superdotaci贸n (n = 21), talento convergente (n = 39) o talento divergente (n = 18). Se administr贸 la bater铆a de aptitudes diferenciales y generales o el Differential Aptitude Test (seg煤n la edad) y el test de pensamiento creativo de Torrance, adem谩s del test de clasificaci贸n de tarjetas de Wisconsin, el test de Corsi y el test go-no go mediante la plataforma Psychology Experiment Building Language. Se realiz贸 un an谩lisis multivariado de la varianza para conocer la relaci贸n entre funci贸n ejecutiva y perfil intelectual. Resultados. Se obtienen diferencias significativas entre los perfiles estudiados y las funciones ejecutivas de flexibilidad e inhibici贸n, pero no en la memoria de trabajo. Conclusi贸n. La memoria de trabajo es similar entre los perfiles estudiados, pero el perfil complejo de superdotaci贸n muestra mejor funcionamiento ejecutivo, con mayor flexibilidad e inhibici贸n que el talento, especialmente el convergent
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