Применение информационных технологий и этические нюансы в управлении массовым сознанием

This paper discusses the current value of information technology in our lives, as well as their application to control the mass consciousness

Cutting Force Reduction in The Milling of Aluminum Alloys with Serrated Cutting Tool Edges

Structural components for aerospace industry are in most cases milled from solid. Usually more than 80 % of the bulk material is removed by milling processes in order to obtain the parts final shape. Due to economic aspects, high material removal rates are desired to reduce cost intensive machine cycle times. In order to meet high process design demands, optimized cutting forces at maximized material removal rates are of crucial interest. These are especially depending on the work piece material to be machined, the cutter work piece engagement conditions as well as the milling cutters geometry. The usage of milling tools with serrated cutting edge geometries enables a significant reduction of cutting forces. In this article, cutting forces during milling aluminum alloys using different serration geometries and engagement conditions are investigated. At first, a generic cutting force model is introduced. The required model parameters are approximated for the machined material by subsequent milling tests employing non-serrated cutters. In a second step, a model is presented allowing a time-domain simulation to obtain cutting force variations for cutters with serrated cutting edges. Finally, experimental data for different serrated cutters are compared with the simulated predictions

Analysis of material removal rate and electrode wear in sinking EDM roughing strategies using different graphite grades

AbstractFor industrial applications graphite is becoming more and more the electrode material of choice for sinking EDM. Especially f or roughing graphite offers great advantages compared to copper electrodes. Optimized parameters lead to a very low tool wear rate combined with a high material removal rate. As a result the number of tool electrodes for a certain EDM task can be reduced significantly leadin g to very short machining time. A satisfactory explanation for these benefits could not be found until now. Therefore the specific wear behavior and material removal rate is investigated in detail in this paper and linked to the physical characteristics of the graphite material. In total 5 different kinds of graphite were chosen with significantly different physical characteristics concerning their specific electric resistance, thermal conductivity and grain size. The performance of each grade was evaluated in terms of material removal rate and tool wear for roughing

Cutting Force Reduction in The Milling of Aluminum Alloys with Serrated Cutting Tool Edges

Structural components for aerospace industry are in most cases milled from solid. Usually more than 80 % of the bulk material is removed by milling processes in order to obtain the parts final shape. Due to economic aspects, high material removal rates are desired to reduce cost intensive machine cycle times. In order to meet high process design demands, optimized cutting forces at maximized material removal rates are of crucial interest. These are especially depending on the work piece material to be machined, the cutter work piece engagement conditions as well as the milling cutters geometry. The usage of milling tools with serrated cutting edge geometries enables a significant reduction of cutting forces. In this article, cutting forces during milling aluminum alloys using different serration geometries and engagement conditions are investigated. At first, a generic cutting force model is introduced. The required model parameters are approximated for the machined material by subsequent milling tests employing non-serrated cutters. In a second step, a model is presented allowing a time-domain simulation to obtain cutting force variations for cutters with serrated cutting edges. Finally, experimental data for different serrated cutters are compared with the simulated predictions

The First CIRP Conference on Biomanufacturing Influence of Electro Discharge Machining of Biodegradable Magnesium on the Biocompatibility peer-review under responsibility of Professor Mamoru Mitsuishi and Professor Paulo Bartolo

Abstract Biodegradable implants are in the focus of recent research approaches in the medical engineering sector for the treatment of many different defects. In comparison to permanent implants the risk of inflammatory reactions is significantly reduced and no foreign material is left in the body using degradable materials. Due to the extraordinary biocompatibility and initial structural stability, similar to the human bone, magnesium alloys are best suited for degradable orthopedic implants. But up until now the degradation of magnesium inside the human body is too fast and therefore the structural stability is lost too early. Newest research suggests that the degradation kinematic as well as the cell response of the implant can be improved by adjusting certain surface properties, e.g. complex micro-and macrostructures. Since these structures are very difficult to be machined with conventional processes, especially for complex and filigree 3D-structures, alternative manufacturing processes need to be developed. Electro Discharge Machining in combination with a Plasma Electrolytic Conversion of the surface is very well suited for the creation of geometries with high aspect ratios and microstructures. The focus of this paper lies on the investigation of the influence of the production processes on the biocompatibility of the machined part. The process chain for such implants will therefore be analyzed in regard to macro and micro surface properties using SEM and EDX-analysis. These results are then compared to biocompatibility testing concerning cell viability and toxicity

ASS-induzierte Asthmaanfälle nach ASS-Desaktivierung - Fallbericht einer seltenen Komplikation

Einleitung: Patienten mit einer nasalen Polyposis (NP), einem Asthma und einer ASS-Intoleranz sind häufig durch schwere Krankheitsverläufe gekennzeichnet. Die ASS-Desaktivierung ist eine Therapieoption mit günstigen Effekten auf rhinitische und pulmonale Beschwerden.Methoden: Vorstellung eines ungewöhnlichen Verlaufs eines Patienten nach ASS-Desaktivierung. Ergebnisse: Ein männlicher 34-jähriger Patient mit einer ASS-Trias (NP-Grad 2., FEV-1 94,7%, Ø Peakflow 470 l/Min) erhielt stationär problemlos eine ASS-Desaktivierung und wurde auf eine tägliche Erhaltungsdosis von 300 mg ASS eingestellt. Sechs Monate nach ASS-Desaktivierung durchlitt der Patient einen viralen Infekt. Danach kam es jeweils 3 Stunden nach ASS-Einnahme zu Asthmaanfällen. Saisonale Beschwerden von Inhalationsallergenen bestanden nicht. Die pneumologische Untersuchung ergab eine erhöhte bronchiale Hyperreagibilität (FEV-1 Abfall >20%). Wir splitteten daraufhin die tägliche ASS-Dosis auf, so dass tgl. 100-0-200 mg ASS eingenommen wurde. Hiernach stabilisierte sich die Asthmaproblematik.Schlussfolgerung: Möglicherweise verursachen Virusinfektionen nach initial komplikationsloser Desaktivierung ASS-induzierte Asthmaanfälle, die durch Aufsplittung der täglichen ASS-Dosis beherrschbar sind.Der Erstautor gibt keinen Interessenkonflikt an