Diffusion idea exploration for art generation

Cross-Modal learning tasks have picked up pace in recent times. With plethora of applications in diverse areas, generation of novel content using multiple modalities of data has remained a challenging problem. To address the same, various generative modelling techniques have been proposed for specific tasks. Novel and creative image generation is one important aspect for industrial application which could help as an arm for novel content generation. Techniques proposed previously used Generative Adversarial Network(GAN), autoregressive models and Variational Autoencoders (VAE) for accomplishing similar tasks. These approaches are limited in their capability to produce images guided by either text instructions or rough sketch images decreasing the overall performance of image generator. We used state of the art diffusion models to generate creative art by primarily leveraging text with additional support of rough sketches. Diffusion starts with a pattern of random dots and slowly converts that pattern into a design image using the guiding information fed into the model. Diffusion models have recently outperformed other generative models in image generation tasks using cross modal data as guiding information. The initial experiments for this task of novel image generation demonstrated promising qualitative results.Comment: Report Submitted for degree completion of Master of Science in Applied Computing at University of Toront

Surgical technique for arthroscopic onlay suprapectoral biceps tenodesis with an all-suture anchor.

The long head of the biceps is a frequent pain generator in the shoulder. Tendinopathy of the long head of the biceps may be treated with biceps tenodesis. There has been great debate about the optimal technique for biceps tenodesis, without a clear distinction between different techniques. Biceps tenodesis fixation may include interference fixation, suspensory fixation, all-suture anchors, and soft tissue fixation. In this technical note, we describe an all-arthroscopic onlay suprapectoral biceps tenodesis with an all-suture anchor

MTA - The Barrier for Endodontic Success!

The elimination of microbiological colonization in any parts of human body is a crucial principle of treating infection  and root canal system is no exception. The major challenges associated with endodontic treatment of teeth with open apices are achieving complete debridement, canal disinfection and optimal sealing of the root canal system.In the absence of a natural apical constriction, the production of mineralized tissue in the apical region is important to create an apical barrier and allow 3-dimensional adaptation of obturating material within the root canal system.A clinical case of central incisor have been treated with the use of an apical plug of MTA for apexification that had suffered premature interruption of root development as a consequence of trauma.The remaining portion of the root canals was then closed with thermoplasticized gutta-percha. At 6-month follow-up period the clinical and radiographic appearance of the tooth showed resolution of the periapical lesions

Arthroscopic Anterior Shoulder Stabilization With Incorporation of a Comminuted Bony Bankart Lesion.

Bony Bankart lesions are a common finding in patients with anterior glenohumeral dislocation. Although there are no defined guidelines, small bony Bankart fractures are typically treated arthroscopically with suture anchors. The 2 main techniques used are double- and single-row suture anchor stabilization, with debate over superiority. Biomechanical studies have shown improved reduction and stabilization with the double-row over the single-row suture anchor technique; however, this has not been reported for small or comminuted bony fragments. Both techniques have shown promising preliminary clinical outcomes. In this Technical Note, we describe our preferred technique for arthroscopic instability repair using a single-row all-suture anchor method with the incorporation of a comminuted bony Bankart fragment in the lateral decubitus position

Conservative Management of Unicystic Ameloblastoma of Mandible Evolving from Dentigerous Cyst in a Paediatric Patient: A Case Report

Massive cystic lesions involving a mandible always present a diagnostic and treatment challenge. Unicystic ameloblastoma (UA) is a variant of ameloblastoma encompassing about 6% of ameloblastomas. They represent cystic lesions that reveal clinical and radiographic features of a cyst, but the histopathological features demonstrate a typical ameloblastomatous epithelium lining the cyst. It is a variant of ameloblastoma, usually having clinical and radiographic similarities with dentigerous cysts, hence posing preoperative diagnostic difficulties. Adult treatment protocol cannot be applied to the pediatric population since resection may cause an alteration in craniofacial development leading to functional and esthetical damage, which can directly affect their quality of life. A more conservative approach of enucleating the lesion seems to be a promising treatment modality of UA in the pediatric age group. We present a case of mural variant of UA arising from dentigerous cyst in an 8-year-old male patient

Conservative Bridge with Natural Tooth Pontic: A Case Report

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES A CONSERVATIVE SOLUTION FOR AN ESTHETIC CHALLANGE PROVIDING SINGLE VISIT AND A CHAIR SIDE PROCEDURE TO IMPROVE A SMILE   CASE DISCRIPTION Conservative solutions  for the restoration of a single edentulous space in the anterior maxilla present an esthetic challenge to the clinician.A 24-year-old female patient whose left upper central tooth was planned to be extracted was referred to our department for a conservative, rapid, and economic treatment.After radiographic and clinical examinations, it was decided that the tooth which was to be extracted should be used for the restoration of its own extracted area. The extracted tooth was splinted using Ribbond fiber (Ribbond Inc., Seattle WA) to adjacent teeth with the aid of the surface modifications on extracted tooth and adjacent teeth . CONCLUSION  The conservative bridge with natural tooth pontic satisfied the patient with a good mechanical behavior, and long-term durability. &nbsp

Stability based filter pruning for accelerating deep CNNs

Convolutional neural networks (CNN) have achieved impressive performance on the wide variety of tasks (classification, detection, etc.) across multiple domains at the cost of high computational and memory requirements. Thus, leveraging CNNs for real-time applications necessitates model compression approaches that not only reduce the total number of parameters but reduce the overall computation as well. In this work, we present a stability-based approach for filter-level pruning of CNNs. We evaluate our proposed approach on different architectures (LeNet, VGG-16, ResNet, and Faster RCNN) and datasets and demonstrate its generalizability through extensive experiments. Moreover, our compressed models can be used at run-time without requiring any special libraries or hardware. Our model compression method reduces the number of FLOPS by an impressive factor of 6.03X and GPU memory footprint by more than 17X, significantly outperforming other state-of-the-art filter pruning methods.Comment: IEEE Winter Conference on Applications of Computer Vision (WACV), 201

miR-146a suppresses cellular immune response during Japanese encephalitis virus JaOArS982 strain infection in human microglial cells

Background: Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) is the causative agent of Japanese encephalitis which is more prevalent in South and Southeast Asia. JEV is a neurotropic virus which infiltrates into the brain through vascular endothelial cells. JEV infects neurons and microglial cells which causes neuronal damage and inflammation. However, JEV also evades the cellular immune response to survive in host cells. Viruses are known to modulate the expression of microRNAs, which in turn modulate cellular immune response by targeting expression of antiviral genes. The aim of this study is to understand the anti-inflammatory role of miR-146a during JEV infection, which facilitates immune evasion. Methods: Human brain microglial cells (CHME3) were infected by JEV: JaOArS982 and P20778 strain, and expression of miR-146a were analyzed. Overexpression and knockdown studies of miR-146a were done to see the effect on NF-κB pathway and antiviral Jak-STAT pathway. Regulatory role of miR-146a on expression of interferon-stimulated genes was determined by real-time PCR and luciferase assays. Results: JEV infection elevated the expression of miR-146a in JaOArS982 strain which caused downregulation of TRAF6, IRAK1, IRAK2, and STAT1 genes. Exogenous overexpression of miR-146a led to suppression of NF-κB activation and abrogation of Jak-STAT pathway upon JEV infection which led to downregulation of interferon-stimulated genes (IFIT-1 and IFIT-2) and facilitated viral replication. JEV infection initially upregulated cytokine production and activated STAT1 activity but STAT1 levels reduced at later time point, which led to the downregulation of interferon-stimulated genes. Conclusion: Upregulation of miR-146a by JEV JaOArS982 strain leads to suppression of NF-κB activity and disruption of antiviral Jak-STAT signaling which helps the virus to evade the cellular immune response. This effect of JEV infection on miR-146a expression was found to be strain specific