ANALYSIS OF THE HYDROCHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF MINE WATERS OF THE KRASNOARMIYSK COALMINING DISTRICT OF DONBAS

The Krasnoarmiysk geological and industrial district is located in the southwestern part of the Donets basin. The hydrogeological conditions of the research region are complex, which is related to its tectonic features and lithological composition of water-bearing rocks. Aquifers of coal-bearing regions are, in most cases, systems of complex basins of fractured and stratified waters, which complicate the working out of mine workings. The variability of the geological and hydrogeological conditions and the intensity of water exchange determine the difference in the chemical composition of groundwater formed in coal deposits at different depths in different areas of Donbas. Aquifers are associated with sandstones, limestones, less often, siltstones. The feeding of aquifers and complexes located near the earth’s surface occurs mainly due to atmospheric precipitation and the flow of water from the layers located above. However, with an increase in the depth of occurrence, the role of pressure waters of deep horizons, the discharge of which occurs through zones of deep faults, increases in feeding. The main factor in the formation of the chemical composition of mine waters is the artificially created sharply oxidizing environment in mining operations, into which groundwater circulating in aquifers enters. The world of Kamianska, Almazna and Horlivska waters is correlated with the tectonic structure of the mine field and the coal-rock massif as a whole. The chemical characteristics of mine waters of each layers, including each production, have features that are controlled by the geological and structural factors of the coal massifs. Certain chemical elements of water change according to the features of the geological structure of the mine field and its individual workings. The aquifers of the Krasnoarmiysk coal mining district due to the development of coal seams and the closure of mines by "wet conservation" affect the change in the ecological and hydrogeological regime of the region

DISTRIBUTION OF MYCOBIOTA IN THE GROUND COVER ON THE TERRITORY OF THE SMOLINSKA AND NOVOKOSTYANTYNIVSKA URANIUM MINES IN THE KIROVOGRAD REGION

The results of the study of the distribution of biota in the soil cover of the Smolinsk and Novokostiantynivsk uranium mines in the Kirovohrad region are highlighted. The basis of the research methodology is a systematic approach, within which general scientific methods (data analysis and synthesis) were used – selection and identification of biota. In the conditions of environmental monitoring and growing anthropogenic pressure, there is a need for a more careful attitude to the environment and the detection of new risk factors. Man, as a subject of the biosphere, is influenced not only by natural environmental factors, but also by new ones created by man himself, thereby significantly changing the environment. This dependence determines the emergence of various environmental relations between all biotic and abiotic components of the biosphere. Intensive extraction of ore from exploited deposits depletes the raw material base of mining enterprises, most of which becomes waste, sludge, and pits are formed. As part of the rehabilitation of the mine territory, alluvial soil is often used, which has its own specific features in the conditions of growing technogenesis. It was found that the number of bacteria in all soil samples decreases due to the lack of organic substances and living conditions. Mycomycetes, as multifunctional components of the soil biota, are stress-tolerant according to the type of life strategy with economical use and redistribution of nutrients in sedimentary soil. Representatives of the genera Mucor sp., Penicillium sp., Alternaria sp., Cladosporium sp. are among the first settlers to appear on man-made soils, representatives of the latter are typical bioindicators of environmental pollution. The identified changes in the quantitative and qualitative composition of the mycobiota in the man-made soil of the studied samples are fundamental for further long-term monitoring of the state of the environment of the Kirovohrad region, as well as the possibility of making a forecast regarding the toxic effect of industrial emissions on the biota as a whole

Neotectonics of the Belanov ore iron and the Kremenchug uranium deposits area

The present paper describes results of large-scale (1:10 000) neotectonic mapping of the region made on the basis of morphographic, morphometric and aerospace research methods. Active on the latest stage of development linear and circular structures and total amplitude of the vertical motion in the Quaternary period have been distinguished and characterized. Obtained data were certified by measurements of radon emanation comparison

Detailed geological and structural studies to clarify the level of seismic hazard of hydraulic structures (on the example of the Dnieper Hydroelectric Station)

According to the results of complex remote geologic-structural and instrumental seismolo-gic field studies zones of the main tectonic faults, which are capable to have an influence on security of functioning of the main constructions of the Dniprovsk HES have been revealed and parameterized. Identification of deformational regimes and reconstruction of stress fields, which caused the special features of tectonic ruptures formation in the region have been made. Calculated values of seismic effects have been estimated taking into account local engineering-geological and tectonic conditions of the dam location area of the Dniprovsk HES