Characterization of women's young and mature skin by the 50 MHz high‐frequency ultrasound technique

sem informaçãoCOORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DE PESSOAL DE NÍVEL SUPERIOR - CAPESFUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULO - FAPESPnão tem2018/06973‐

Skin effect of facial cleansing combined with an electric sonic device

New technologies, such as sonic devices, have been developed to optimize the skin cleansing process and improve its efficiency. To evaluate the effectiveness of these cosmetic procedures, skin bioengineering is an objective method to assess the biophysical parameters of the skin. This study aimed to assess the effect of facial cleansing on the physiological properties of the skin by comparing a cleansing process with cosmetic product applied manually to cleansing with cosmetic product associated with the use of an electric sonic device. A gentle skin cleanser was applied to the entire face of 12 subjects; the sonic device was used on one half of the face and the manual process was performed on the other half. Instrumental skin analyses included sebummetry, corneometry, transepidermal water loss (TEWL), infrared thermography, and high‐frequency ultrasound and were measured before and up to 90 min after cleansing. Results were compared using two‐way ANOVA and Friedman tests. Data obtained from the statistical analysis of sebummetry, TEWL, thermography, and ultrasound parameters did not show any significant difference. When assessing the corneometry parameters, a significant reduction in hydration values (17.19%) was observed in the manual cleansing area, while the values remained similar to baseline values in the area where the sonic device was used. The cleansing process with a sonic device did not cause a significant hydration reduction, suggesting better preservation of skin homeostasis when compared to manual cleansingCOORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DE PESSOAL DE NÍVEL SUPERIOR - CAPESFUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULO - FAPESPnão tem2018/06973‐

Characterization, sensory and instrumental analysis of high-selling sunscreens and the correlation between its properties

As características sensoriais de um produto cosmético destinado à proteção solar, são imprescindíveis para a aceitação pelos usuários e, principalmente, para sua satisfação, adesão ao tratamento, e às recomendações de uso das formulações, tais como: forma de aplicação, frequência de uso e quantidade do produto a ser aplicado, que interferem na eficiência do produto desenvolvido. Neste estudo foi determinado o perfil de consumo de protetores solares comerciais, além da caracterização sensorial e físico-química de produtos protetores solares comerciais, a fim de levantar informações úteis para serem trabalhados durante o desenvolvimento de formulações futuras, com o objetivo de desenvolver produtos mais agradáveis ao consumidor, aumentando, assim, a adesão ao uso e aplicação eficaz de protetores solares pela população, fazendo com que ela se proteja melhor contra os efeitos nocivos da radiação solar. Uma metodologia de avaliação sensorial descritiva foi utilizada para que fosse possível avaliar o produto durante todo o processo de uso de um protetor solar pelo consumidor; ou seja, foi medido atributos sensoriais antes, durante e após a aplicação do produto na pele. As demais propriedades medidas foram obtidas através da análise de textura, microscopia, espalhabilidade e do comportamento reológico. Nos estudos com consumidores, detectou-se falhas do usuário quanto ao uso correto de protetores solares, apresentando indícios de que as características sensoriais desempenham um grande papel neste tema. Também foi possível entender as preferências e motivadores de compra de protetores solares. As outras análises indicaram que protetores solares presentes no mercado brasileiro, os quais possuem mesma função e mesmas especificações na embalagem, apresentaram diferentes características sensoriais e instrumentais. Sugere-se que essas variações encontradas para cada parâmetro estudado, advêm de pequenas alterações na composição de matérias-primas, como também em alterações específicas no conteúdo da fase oleosa da formulação, apontando a importância de algumas classes ingredientes na percepção sensorial do produto final pelo consumidor. Em relação à correlação entre as medidas físicas e alguns atributos sensoriais, foi visto que as medidas físicas são correlacionadas aos atributos sensoriais e, consequentemente, podem prevê-los. Porém os atributos sensoriais que, durante sua avaliação, demandam bem mais dedicação do que um simples ato mecânico realizado pelo avaliador, não foram correlacionados às medidas instrumentais neste estudo. Devido à alta complexidade de alguns atributos sensoriais, há dificuldades de identificar a natureza física de alguns deles, pois nem sempre trata-se de apenas um fator físico isolado, podendo ser vários relacionados e com pesos diferentes durante o processo de avaliação. Medidas instrumentais muitas vezes, são incapazes expressar sensações táteis e visuais em um único resultado. Sendo assim, durante o desenvolvimento de um produto fotoprotetor inovador, confirma-se a extrema importância de um estudo sensorial detalhado para adquirir características sensoriais que satisfaçam os consumidores.The sensory characteristics of a cosmetic intended for sun protection, are essential factors for the acceptance of products by users, mainly to their satisfaction and compliance with treatment or the use of the formulations recommendations, such as mode of application, frequency of use and quantity of the product to be applied, which interferes with the efficiency of the developed product. The aim of this study was to determine the consumption profile of commercial sunscreens, as well as the sensorial and physico-chemical characterization of high-selling sunscreen products to obtain useful information to be worked on the development of future formulations, getting products more pleasing to the consumer, increasing the adherence and aplication of sunscreens by the population, and protecting against the harmful effects of solar radiation. A descriptive sensory evaluation methodology was used for the sensorial characterization of sunscreens. Through it, it is possible to evaluate the product throughout the use of a sunscreen by the consumer; that is, the study measures sensory attributes before, during and after the application of the product to the skin. The other measured properties were obtained through the analysis of texture, spreadability microscopy and the rheological behavior. In the consumer study, user failures were detected about the correct use of sunscreens, also it was indicated that the sensorial characteristics plays an important role in this topic. The results indicated that sunscreens present in the Brazilian market, which have the same function and same specifications on its labels, presented different sensorial and instrumental characteristics. It is suggested that these variations found for each parameter studied come from small changes in the composition of raw materials, as well as specific alterations in the content of the oily phase of the formulation, pointing out the importance of some classes of ingredients in the sensorial perception of the final product by consumer. Regarding the correlation between the physical measures and some sensorial attributes, it was seen that the physical measures are correlated to the sensorial attributes and, consequently, can predict them. However, the sensorial attributes that, during their evaluation, require much more dedication than a simple mechanical act performed by the assessor, were not correlated to the instrumental measures in this study. Due to the high complexity of some sensory attributes, there are difficulties in identifying the physical nature of some, since it is not always just an isolated physical factor, being several related and with different weights during the evaluation process. Instrumental measures are often unable to express tactile and visual sensations in a single result. Thus, during the development of an innovative photoprotective product, it is confirmed the extreme importance of a detailed sensory study to acquire sensory characteristics that satisfy consumer

Drug delivery systems based in microneedles for dermatological diseases and aesthetic enhancement

Microneedle (MN) devices comprise of micron-sized structures that circumvent biological barriers in a minimally invasive manner. MN research continues to grow and evolve; the technology was recently identified as one of the top ten overall emerging technologies of 2020. There is a growing interest in using such devices in cosmetology and dermatological conditions where the MNs mechanically disrupt the outer skin barrier layer, creating transient pathways that allow the passage of materials to underlying skin layers. This review aims to appraise the application of microneedle technologies in skin science, provide information on potential clinical benefits, as well as indicate possible dermatological conditions that can benefit from this technology, including autoimmunemediated inflammatory skin diseases, skin aging, hyperpigmentation, and skin tumors. A literature review was carried out to select studies that evaluated the use of microneedles to enhance drug delivery for dermatologic purposes. MN patches create temporary pathways that allow the passage of therapeutic material to deeper layers of the skin. Given their demonstrable promise in therapeutic applications it will be essential for healthcare professionals to engage with these new delivery systems as they transition to the clinic

In vivo evaluation of topical ascorbic acid application on skin aging by 50 MHz ultrasound

International audienc