18 research outputs found

    Pesos econÎmicos para seleção de gado de leite

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    RESUMO - Os pesos econĂŽmicos para caracterĂ­sticas de importĂąncia econĂŽmica dentro do "Sistema de Produção de Leite" da Fazenda Experimental Santa Rita, pertencente Ă  EPAMIG e localizada no municĂ­pio de Prudente de Moraes (MG), foram calculados. Os pesos econĂŽmicos foram definidos como a derivada parcial do lucro com respeito a cada caracterĂ­stica (1) e como a derivada parcial da razĂŁo receita/despesa com respeito a cada caracterĂ­stica (2), avaliadas no valor mĂ©dio das outras caracterĂ­sticas. Os pesos econĂŽmicos expressos em equivalente litro de leite para produção de leite com 3,1% de gordura, produção de gordura acima de 3,1%, mamite, fluxo lĂĄcteo, nĂșmero de serviços por concepção, idade ao primeiro parto, vida Ăștil e peso metabĂłlico da vaca seca foram 31,73/kg, -23,92/kg, -3341,90/caso, 1531,26/kg/min, -1005,08/serviço, -22,30/dia, 2184,38/ano e -368,33/kg, respectivamente, para o primeiro mĂ©todo, e 1,52/kg, -1,76/kg, -179,50/caso, 82,23/kg/min, -53,97/serviço, -1,25/dia, 117,30/ano, -29,00/kg, multiplicados por 10-4, respectivamente, para o segundo mĂ©todo. Como esperado, os pesos econĂŽmicos relativos foram muito semelhantes em ambos os mĂ©todos, mas os pesos absolutos foram muito diferentes

    Estrutura genética da raça Gir Mocha registrada no Brasil

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    Utilizando dados do registro genealĂłgico de animais da raça Gir Mocho, nascidos entre 1976 e 1998, foram calculadas a endogamia, o tamanho efetivo e avaliada a variabilidade genĂ©tica desta raça por meio dos parĂąmetros de probabilidade de origem do gene. O banco de dados foi separado nos seguintes perĂ­odos: 1979-1983, 1984-1988, 1989-1993 e 1994-1998. A endogamia total aumentou de 0,22% para 3,06%, a esperada sob acasalamento ao acaso aumentou de 0,07% para 1,54%, e a endogamia atribuĂ­da a subdivisĂŁo populacional aumentou de 0,14% para 1,54% indicando a existĂȘncia de subdivisĂŁo genĂ©tica na raça Gir Mocho. O tamanho efetivo populacional estimado pelo coeficiente total de endogamia decresceu de 229 para 24. Tendo-se como base a probabilidade de origem do gene foram calculados os nĂșmeros efetivos de fundadores, de ancestrais e de genomas remanescentes. Esses parĂąmetros decresceram ao longo dos perĂ­odos atingindo valores de 29, 28 e 19. Os parĂąmetros que expressam a variabilidade genĂ©tica da raça decresceram ao longo dos perĂ­odos, indicando a necessidade de monitoração da raça para fins de conserva ção e melhoramento genĂ©tico

    Estrutura genética da raça Gir Mocha registrada no Brasil

    No full text
    Utilizando dados do registro genealógico de animais da raça Gir Mocho, nascidos entre 1976 e 1998, foram calculadas a endogamia, o tamanho efetivo e avaliada a variabilidade genética desta raça por meio dos parùmetros de probabilidade de origem do gene. O banco de dados foi separado nos seguintes períodos: 1979-1983, 1984-1988, 1989-1993 e 1994-1998. A endogamia total aumentou de 0,22% para 3,06%, a esperada sob acasalamento ao acaso aumentou de 0,07% para 1,54%, e a endogamia atribuída a subdivisão populacional aumentou de 0,14% para 1,54% indicando a existÃÂȘncia de subdivisão genética na raça Gir Mocho. O tamanho efetivo populacional estimado pelo coeficiente total de endogamia decresceu de 229 para 24. Tendo-se como base a probabilidade de origem do gene foram calculados os nÃÂșmeros efetivos de fundadores, de ancestrais e de genomas remanescentes. Esses parùmetros decresceram ao longo dos períodos atingindo valores de 29, 28 e 19. Os parùmetros que expressam a variabilidade genética da raça decresceram ao longo dos períodos, indicando a necessidade de monitoração da raça para fins de conserva ção e melhoramento genético

    Effects Of Nh4cl-induced Systemic Metabolic Acidosis On Kidney Mitochondrial Coupling And Calcium Transport In Rats.

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    We have previously shown that chronic metabolic acidosis, induced in rats by NH(4)Cl feeding, leads to nephron hypertrophy and to a decreased water-salt reabsorption by the kidneys. Since mitochondria are the main source of metabolic energy that drives ion transport in kidney tubules, we examined energy-linked functions (respiration, electrochemical membrane potential and coupling between respiration and ADP phosphorylation) in mitochondria isolated from rat kidney and liver at 48 h after metabolic acidosis induced by NH(4)Cl. Mitochondria isolated from the kidneys and liver of metabolic acidotic rats, induced by NH(4)Cl, was used to study of the oxygen consumption by Clark-type electrode, mitochondrial electrical transmembrane potential estimated by the safranine O method and the variations in free medium Ca(2+) concentrations examined by absorbance spectrum of Arsenazo III set at the 675-685 nm wavelength pair. Whole kidney and liver mitochondria isolated from 48 h acidotic rats presented higher resting respiration, lower respiratory control and a lower ADP/O ratio than controls. These differences in mitochondrial coupling, between respiration and oxidative phosphorylation (ATP synthesis), were totally corrected when experiments were carried out in the presence of carboxyatractyloside, GDP and BSA, indicating that mitochondrial uncoupling proteins are more active in acidotic rat kidneys. Interestingly, determination of Ca(2+) transport demonstrated a faster rate of initial Ca(2+) uptake by acidotic kidney mitochondria, which resulted in a lower concentration of extra-mitochondrial Ca(2+) under steady-state conditions (Ca(2+) set point) when compared with control mitochondria. In contrast, there were no significant differences in the rates of Na(+) or ruthenium red induced Ca(2+) efflux. We suggest that the mild uncoupling and higher Ca(2+) accumulation represents an adaptation of the mitochondria to cope with conditions of oxidative stress and high cytosolic Ca(2+), which are associated with a decreased efficiency of oxidative phosphorylation that may explain, at least in part, the striking natriuresis observed under chronic acidosis. Finally, there were no changes in Ca(2+) transport or coupling in liver mitochondria isolated from the acidotic rats.222817-2

    Correlation between electrical conductivity and somatic cell score for mastitis evaluation in dairy Gir cattle

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    Mastitis is an inflammation of the mammary gland, caused by bacteria, viruses, fungi and yeasts. During the processes of inflammation, chloride (Cl) and sodium (Na) ions, immunoglobulins and other serum proteins present in blood, flow through capillaries direct to the alveoli lumen of the gland, thus increasing its concentration. This is due to the increase of vascular permeability, the destruction of tight junctions and the active ion-pumping system, while the concentration of casein, lactose, triglycerides and potassium (K) decreases. This work aimed to study a method to evaluate mastitis in Gir dairy cattle, where the milk electric conductivity (EC) was correlated to milk somatic cell count (SCC). This method will provide an early diagnosis, which can be used daily with conductivity meter in mechanical milking machine or weekly in properties with manual milking. The measurement of EC in milk was accomplished through the appliance of AK83 BENCHTOP PORTATIL. The experiment was conducted in two farms: CalciolĂąndia, Arcos/MG and Bom Jardim da Serra, Mococa/SP, totaling 123 Gir cows. In CalciolĂąndia farm, milking was manual and in Bom Jardim da Serra milking was manual and mechanical but both with the presence of the calf . The milk collection took place in 10 ml bottles at ambience temperature, and the samples were in duplicate, one to measure the EC and the other for SCC and components. The correlations were calculated using SAS software, through data collected from farms. The correlations found between EC and SCC were 40.9% and 42.7%, respectively to Bom Jardim da Serra and CalciolĂąndia farms. Environmental factors that influences SCC and EC where not considered in the analysis, order of birth, lactation stage, age of cow, number of milk per day and jet of milk collected sample of complete collection of first milking or jets of milk. For now we can conclude that there is strong evidence of an analogy between electrical current (EC) and the milk somatic cell count (SCC), where the EC increases during inflammation and SCC, but one is the amount of other ions and by increased presence of cells in milk. This method can replace the SCC, reducing the cost of laboratory tests with a quick, efficient and inexpensive measurement
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