Experience sampling self-reports of social media use have comparable predictive validity to digital trace measures

Research agrees that self-reported measures of time spent with social media (TSM) show poor convergent validity, because they correlate modestly with equivalent objective digital trace measures. This experience sampling study among 159 adolescents (12,617 self-reports) extends this work by examining the comparative predictive validity of self-reported and digital trace measures of TSM, that is, the extent to which self-reported and digital trace measures of TSM correspond in their effects on self-esteem, well-being, and friendship closeness. Using an N = 1 method of analysis, we investigated the correspondence on a between-person, within-person, and person-specific level. Although our results confirmed the poor convergent validity of self-reported TSM reported earlier, we found that self-reports of TSM had comparable predictive validity to digital trace measures on all three levels. Because comparative predictive validity of self-reported TSM is crucial for investigating social media effects, our results have important implications for future research using self-reported TSM

Experience sampling self-reports of social media use have comparable predictive validity to digital trace measures

Research agrees that self-reported measures of time spent with social media (TSM) show poor convergent validity, because they correlate modestly with equivalent objective digital trace measures. This experience sampling study among 159 adolescents (12,617 self-reports) extends this work by examining the comparative predictive validity of self-reported and digital trace measures of TSM, that is, the extent to which self-reported and digital trace measures of TSM correspond in their effects on self-esteem, well-being, and friendship closeness. Using an N = 1 method of analysis, we investigated the correspondence on a between-person, within-person, and person-specific level. Although our results confirmed the poor convergent validity of self-reported TSM reported earlier, we found that self-reports of TSM had comparable predictive validity to digital trace measures on all three levels. Because comparative predictive validity of self-reported TSM is crucial for investigating social media effects, our results have important implications for future research using self-reported TSM

Postretirement activity plans: The role of opportunity structure, partner support, and perception of time

Retirement is a major life course transition for which some people plan more than others. As planning positively affects retirement adjustment, it is important to investigate the heterogeneity in retirement planning and its antecedents. While financial preparation has been studied thoroughly, little is known about the activities older workers plan to do in retirement. We hypothesize that postretirement activity plans can be categorized into three types: transformative leisure, bridge employment, and interpersonal leisure. Moreover, we expect that these plans are affected by people’s opportunities, time perception, and partner support for these activities. We use data from the first wave of the NIDI Pension Panel Study (NPPS) to test these hypotheses. The NPPS consists of a sample of about 6,800 Dutch older workers who were asked about their plans to engage in 14 different activities upon retirement. Where relevant, partners of older workers were also surveyed, which provided multi-actor data for these couples (N = 4,409). Our results support the classification into three types of postretirement activity plans. Multivariate analyses show that the type of postretirement activities that older workers plan for is related to the opportunity structure facilitating continuity (e.g. number of pre-retirement leisure activities, number of social roles), support of the partner for engaging in these activities, and older workers perception of time (future time perspective and subjective life expectancy). Practically, our findings can help to identify older workers who might face a more difficult retirement transition, because they plan less for the psychosocial aspects of retirement

The accuracy and validity of self-reported social media use measures among adolescents

Contains fulltext : 239447.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access)A growing number of studies have tried to assess the effects of social media on adolescents, who are among the most avid social media users. To establish the effects of social media use, we need accurate and valid instruments to measure adolescents' time spent with these media. The aim of this preregistered study was to examine the accuracy and convergent validity of retrospective surveys and experience sampling method (ESM) surveys, by comparing adolescents' responses to these self-report measures with their digital trace data. The sample consisted of 125 adolescents (48% girls; Mage ​= ​14.1) with Android smartphones. In both retrospective surveys and ESM, adolescents overestimated their time spent on social media. They more accurately estimated their time spent on platforms that are used in a less fragmented way (Instagram) than on platforms that are used in a more fragmented way (Snapchat). The between-person convergent validity of adolescents’ time estimates according to retrospective surveys and ESM reached the threshold for minimum acceptable convergent validity (r ranged from .55 to .65). The within-person convergent validity of adolescents' ESM estimates of their time spent on social media was unacceptable (r = .32). The between- and within-person convergent validity of ESM estimates decreased over time (i.e., fatigue effect).11 p