Optimization and Construction of Human Insulin-like Growth Factor 1 Gene related to human health

Background: Laron syndrome, is a disease that treated by IGF-1. This protein is a single chain and has three disulfide bonds. People with Laron syndrome have low rates of cancer and diabetes, although they appear to be at increased risk of casual death due to their stature. IGF-1 is synthesized by many tissues and is secreted from liver as an endocrine hormone which is transmitted to other tissues. IGF-1 is responsible for cell differentiation, transformation, suppression of apoptosis, cell cycle progression, cell proliferation and differentiation. Expression system, the igf-1 gene, codon adaptation index (CAI) and GC contents are very critical for the large scale production of this protein. Current study was aimed to Optimization and Construction of human Insulin-like Growth Factor 1 Gene in E. coli DH5α. Material and Methods: we used DNA2 and ProtParam softwares for designing the best form to produce IGF-1. First the coding sequence was verified and then synthesized. For confirmation of the pUC18-IGF-1, sequencing test was carried out using M13 reverse primer. Finally it was inserted into the cloning site of pUC18. vector. Results: After coding optimization, the CAI rate was increased from 84 to 90 and GC content from 55.07 to 56.62. The presence of the band near 225bp resulted from enzymatic digestion with two restriction enzymes demonstrates the correct cloning of the recombinant vectors in the cloning site of pUC18 cloning vector. Conclusion: According to software and experimental analysis, the designed sequence probably in the best form could be used for production of recombinant protein

Impact of high body mass index on allergic rhinitis patients

Background Allergic rhinitis is one of the most prevalent diseases in the world and many studies have been done to find its risk factors. Several studies have shown that there is an association between suffering from allergic rhinitis and increased body mass index (BMI), but no consensus has been yet achieved. Materials and methods There is a case–control study conducted in Imam Ali Clinic in Shahrekord during 2014–2015. Fifty-four participants with allergic rhinitis and 54 healthy persons were selected and their body mass index values were measured. Also, demographic data were collected by a questionnaire and analyzed by SPSS. Results The mean body mass index in the case and control groups were 25.03 ± 3.5 kg/m2 and 23.32 ± 2.80 kg/m2 respectively, with a significant difference between the two groups (P = 0.006). In the case group, 53.7% of participants have high body mass indexes but in the control group, 33.3% of participants have high body mass indexes, with a statistically difference between two groups according to χ2 test (P = 0.04). Conclusion These results indicate a significant association between high body mass index value and allergic rhinitis. We underline that this relationship is more prominent in women

Comparison vitamin D serum levels in allergic rhinitis patients with normal population

Background Allergic rhinitis is one of the most prevalent diseases worldwide and several studies have been done to investigate its risk factors. Some studies have shown that there is an association between severity of allergic rhinitis and serum level of 25 OH vitamin D, but no consensus has been yet achieved. Objective Given the high prevalence of allergic rhinitis and the high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in Iranian population, this study aimed to determine the mean serum level of vitamin D in patients with allergic rhinitis and the control group. Materials and methods This is a case-control study conducted in Imam Ali Clinic in Shahrekord (Iran) during 2014–2015. Fifty-four patients with allergic rhinitis and 54 healthy person were randomly selected and their serum levels of 25 OH vitamin D were measured. Also, demographic data and the data on severity of allergic rhinitis were collected by a questionnaire and analyzed by SPSS. Results The mean serum level of 25 OH vitamin D in the case and the control groups were 29.62 ± 18.44 nmoL (11.8 ± 7.4 ng/mL) and 62.18 ± 18.53 nmoL (24.9 ± 7.4 ng/mL), respectively, with a statistically difference between the two groups (P = 0.001). Also, 4 (7.4%) patients in case group were vitamin D deficient but no one in the control group was vitamin D deficient, with a statistically difference between the two groups according to the Fisher's exact test (P = 0.003). Conclusion According to the results of this study, there is a relationship between serum level of vitamin D and suffering from allergic rhinitis. Special attention should be paid to the geographic characteristics of Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province. Certain health programs should be implemented to cure and prevent vitamin D deficiency in allergic rhinitis patients

Investigation of DRD2 and HTR2A mRNA Expression in Two Therapeutic States of Antipsychotic Polypharmacy and Aripiprazole Monotherapy in the Peripheral Blood of Patients With Schizophrenia

Objectives: Schizophrenia is a severe psychiatric disorder that has profound effects on both individuals and the community. Notwithstanding the suggestion for treating schizophrenia with a minimum dose of drugs, antipsychotic polypharmacy increases the patient’s care costs and drug interactions. Aripiprazole reduces the metabolic side effects of antipsychotic polypharmacy treatment. DRD2 and HTR2A can serve as predictors for response to treatment in schizophrenic patients. The purpose of this survey was to measure the DRD2 and HTR2A genes expression in the peripheral blood samples using Real-Time Quantitative Reverse Transcription-Polymerase Chain Reaction (qRT-PCR). Methods: A total of 19 patients with a long history of schizophrenia who received at least two types of antipsychotics with daily doses of more than 500 mg of chlorpromazine were entered into the study. The response rates to the treatment based on scores in the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) questionnaire and DRD2 and HTR2A expression were compared between antipsychotic polypharmacy status and 6 months after monotherapy with aripiprazole. Results: The levels of DRD2 expression decreased significantly after the intervention. The mean changes in HTR2A expression and the BPRS questionnaire and also the relationship between changes in DRD2 and HTR2A expression and changes in BPRS score after the intervention were not significant. Discussion: The conversion of the antipsychotic polypharmacy state to monotherapy with aripiprazole has been accompanied by a significant decrease in DRD2A expression. These genes can be used for evaluating the response rate of schizophrenia treatments in the future