A review on compressed air energy storage - a pathway for smart grid and polygeneration

The increase in energy demand and reduction in resources for conventional energy production along with various environmental impacts, promote the use of renewable energy for electricity generation and other energy-need applications around the world. Wind power has emerged as the biggest renewable energy source in the world, whose potential, when employed properly serves to provide the best power output. In order to achieve self-sustenance in energy supply and to match the critical needs of impoverished and developing regions, wind power has proven to be the best solution. However, wind power is intermittent and unstable in nature and hence creates lot of grid integration and power fluctuation issues, which ultimately disturbs the stability of the grid. In such cases, energy storage technologies are highly essential and researchers turned their attention to find efficient ways of storing energy to achieve maximum utilization. The use of batteries to store wind energy is very expensive and not practical for wind applications. Compressed Air Energy Storage (CAES) is found to be a viable solution to store energy generated from wind and other renewable energy systems. A detailed review on various aspects of a CAES system has been made and presented in this paper which includes the thermodynamic analysis, modeling and simulation analysis, experimental investigation, various control strategies, some case studies and economic evaluation with the role of energy storage towards smart grid and poly-generation

Role of biodiesel with nanoadditives in port owned trucks and other vehicles for emission reduction

Biodiesel is presently available all over the world and can be produced from several types of biomass. Biodiesel fuels are gaining more and more importance as an attractive alternate fuel in various transport sectors due to their renewable nature and lower pollution impact. However, the ports and the shipping sector are still in the early stage of orientation towards biofuels. In the present work, an experimental investigation on the use of diesterol blend (a mixture of diesel, ethanol with biodiesel) with cerium oxide as a nanoadditive (D80JBD15E4S1 + cerium oxide) in a compression ignition engine is performed to assess the emission characteristics. The results reveal that the presence of the cerium oxide nanoparticle changes the reaction patterns and heat transfer rate that reduces both the CO and CO2 percentage concentration in the exhaust gas appreciably. Further, the reduction in CO2 emission in the port of Chennai is quantified considering the replacement of neat diesel with those of modified diesel blend in port owned trucks and vehicles

Integrating compressed air energy storage with wind energy system – A review

- With an increasing capacity of wind energy globally, wind-driven Compressed Air Energy Storage (CAES) technology has gained significant momentum in recent years. However, unlike traditional CAES systems, a wind-driven CAES system operates with more frequent fluctuations due to the intermittent nature of wind power. Consequently, the design and operation of wind-driven CAES systems must address such a complex and dynamic behavior. Considering the growing interest in wind-driven CAES systems, a comprehensive and systematic review of the existing literature on their design and operational characteristics is appealing. Therefore, this study aims at filling this research gap by examining the existing literature on the configuration, sizing, and operation/scheduling of wind-driven CAES systems. This review also aims at highlighting the underlying assumptions and methodologies employed in previous studies on wind-driven CAES systems. Given the challenges faced by several CAES projects, which were discontinued due to geological and economic constraints, it is imperative to conduct comprehensive feasibility studies to support the development and implementation of wind-driven CAES systems. Additionally, there is a growing necessity to explore the feasibility of small-scale CAES systems, focusing on their potential to bolster energy security and resilience for small or remote communities in distributed energy systems. By examining the existing literature and highlighting the gaps in current research, a number of insights are provided serving as foundations for future investigations in this field