38 research outputs found

    Π˜Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Π°Ρ томография Ρ‚Ρ€ΡƒΠ± Π² процСссС эксплуатации

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    The pipe wall thickness was estimated based on three-dimensional images of the pipe recovered from several X-ray projections, which were made in a limited angle of view. Since the effects of scattered radiation and beam hardening are up to 50 % of the main radiation, ignoring them leads to blur of the image and inaccuracy in determining dimensions. To restore pipe images from projections, a volume and/or shell representation of the pipe is used, as well as iterative Bayesian methods. Using these methods, the error in estimating the pipe wall thickness from the projection data can be equal to or less than 300 ΞΌm. It has been shown that standard X-ray projections on the film or imaging plates used to obtain data can be used to restore pipe wall thickness profiles in factory conditions.ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Π° ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π½ΠΊΠ° Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»Ρ‰ΠΈΠ½Ρ‹ стСнки Ρ‚Ρ€ΡƒΠ±Ρ‹, исходя ΠΈΠ· Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Ρ…ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ Ρ‚Ρ€ΡƒΠ±Ρ‹, восстановлСнных ΠΈΠ· Π½Π΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΈΡ… рСнтгСновских ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΉ, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΈ Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½Ρ‹ Π² ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΡ‡Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΡƒΠ³Π»Π΅ ΠΎΠ±Π·ΠΎΡ€Π°. ΠŸΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΡƒ эффСкты рассСянного излучСния ΠΈ уТСсточСния Π»ΡƒΡ‡Π΅ΠΉ ΡΠΎΡΡ‚Π°Π²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ Π΄ΠΎ 50 % ΠΎΡ‚ основного излучСния, ΠΈΡ… ΠΈΠ³Π½ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚ ΠΊ Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΡ‹Ρ‚ΠΈΡŽ изобраТСния ΠΈ нСточности ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ΠΎΠ². Для восстановлСния ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ Ρ‚Ρ€ΡƒΠ± ΠΈΠ· ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ объСмноС ΠΈ/ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡ‡Π΅Ρ‡Π½ΠΎΠ΅ прСдставлСниС Ρ‚Ρ€ΡƒΠ±Ρ‹, Π° Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½Ρ‹Π΅ байСсовскиС ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄Ρ‹. ΠŸΡ€ΠΈ использовании этих ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ошибка ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π½ΠΊΠΈ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»Ρ‰ΠΈΠ½Ρ‹ стСнки Ρ‚Ρ€ΡƒΠ±Ρ‹ ΠΈΠ· ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ Ρ€Π°Π²Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ мСньшС 300 ΠΌΠΊΠΌ. Показано, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ рСнтгСновским ΠΈΠ·Π»ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ стандартныС ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΈ Π½Π° ΠΏΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΊΠ΅ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π²ΠΈΠ·ΡƒΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… пластинах, примСняСмых для получСния Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ…, ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ для восстановлСния ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ„ΠΈΠ»Π΅ΠΉ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»Ρ‰ΠΈΠ½ стСнок Ρ‚Ρ€ΡƒΠ± Π² заводских условиях

    Limited Projection 3D X-Ray Tomography Using the Maximum Entropy Method

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    It is well known from physics that the reconstruction of physical quantities from experimental data is often obstructed by incomplete information, the presence of noise and the ill-posed nature of the inversion problem. It was shown [1] that a Bayesian reconstruction (BR) in terms of the Maximum Entropy Method (MEM) combined with unbiased a priori knowledge, if available, is one way to overcome the difficulties. Similar problems occur while extracting useful information from incomplete data sets in technical applications. The solution of the deduced iteration procedure, if converged, gives the most probable one among all possible solutions. In case of radiographic techniques difficulties occur if there is no free access around the object or if the number of available radiographic projections is limited due to other reasons like restricted maximum exposure as often required for medical applications or economical aspects. This situation, characterized by a significant lack of data, makes it impossible to apply reconstruction algorithms which are usually used for computer tomography (CT). Other reconstruction algorithms can be found by introducing prior information (compare [1–6]) about the object and the structures of interest. Those algorithms meet practical requirements like robustness, reduction of experimental and numerical effort, or others. For NDE applications, e.g. the inspection of welds or castings, prior knowledge can be introduced from a practical point of view by assuming a binary or multi-material structure. This reduces significantly the number of permissible solutions and therefore the number of required radiographie projections.</p

    Π˜Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Π°Ρ ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°Π»Π»Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Π°Ρ рСконструкция ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π½Π° кластСрС OPENPOWER

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    Now one of the most important tasks is development and adaptation of iterative methods for the solution of the big rarefied systems of the algebraic equations. The problem of iterative parallel reconstruction of three-dimensional images of industrial facilities leads to such computing tasks. The fact that iterative methods of the solution of computing problems of big dimension are implemented on parallel structures much more effectively is important than direct methods of their decision. In this work the synchronous parallel algorithm is described, based on use of the MPI system for the solution of a problem of reconstruction of three-dimensional images of industrial facilities.Β Π’ настоящСС врСмя ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ· Π½Π°ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ Π²Π°ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… Π·Π°Π΄Π°Ρ‡ являСтся Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠ° ΠΈ адаптация ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² для Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ²Π΅Ρ€Ρ…Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΡˆΠΈΡ… Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π΅ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… систСм алгСбраичСских ΡƒΡ€Π°Π²Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ. К Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΠΌ Π²Ρ‹Ρ‡ΠΈΡΠ»ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌ Π·Π°Π΄Π°Ρ‡Π°ΠΌ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚ Π·Π°Π΄Π°Ρ‡Π° ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°Π»Π»Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ рСконструкции Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Ρ…ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΌΡ‹ΡˆΠ»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΠ². Π’Π°ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌ являСтся Ρ‚ΠΎ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄Ρ‹ Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π²Ρ‹Ρ‡ΠΈΡΠ»ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… Π·Π°Π΄Π°Ρ‡ большой размСрности Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π½Π° ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°Π»Π»Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… структурах Π½Π°ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ эффСктивно, Ρ‡Π΅ΠΌ прямыС ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄Ρ‹ ΠΈΡ… Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ. Π’ этой Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π΅ описан синхронный ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°Π»Π»Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ Π°Π»Π³ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ‚ΠΌ, основанный Π½Π° использовании систСмы MPI для Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π·Π°Π΄Π°Ρ‡ΠΈ рСконструкции Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Ρ…ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΌΡ‹ΡˆΠ»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΠ²

    THREE-DIMENSIONAL TOMOGRAPHIC RECONSTRUCTION OF FOUNDRY ARTICLES ON LIMITED MODEL AND EXPERIMENTAL DATA

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    The ways of overcoming of lack of source information, The ways of overcoming of lack of source information, allowing to reduce energy of primary X-radiation, necessaryΒ  for radiography and to provide high quality of reconstruction, are offered
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