195 research outputs found
An Analytical Pipeline for Quantitative Characterization of Dietary Intake:Application To Assess Grape Intake
Lack
of accurate dietary assessment in free-living populations
requires discovery of new biomarkers reflecting food intake qualitatively
and quantitatively to objectively evaluate effects of diet on health.
We provide a proof-of-principle for an analytical pipeline to identify
quantitative dietary biomarkers. Tartaric acid was identified by nuclear
magnetic resonance spectroscopy as a dose-responsive urinary biomarker
of grape intake and subsequently quantified in volunteers following
a series of 4-day dietary interventions incorporating 0 g/day, 50
g/day, 100 g/day, and 150 g/day of grapes in standardized diets from
a randomized controlled clinical trial. Most accurate quantitative
predictions of grape intake were obtained in 24 h urine samples which
have the strongest linear relationship between grape intake and tartaric
acid excretion (r<sup>2</sup> = 0.90). This new methodological pipeline
for estimating nutritional intake based on coupling dietary intake
information and quantified nutritional biomarkers was developed and
validated in a controlled dietary intervention study, showing that
this approach can improve the accuracy of estimating nutritional intakes
Headache in juvenile myoclonic epilepsy
The objective of this study was to assess the prevalence of and risk factors for primary headaches in juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (JME). Headache was classified in 75 patients with JME using a questionnaire, and its prevalence was correlated with the literature on the general population and clinical data. Headache was present in 47 patients. Thirty-one had migraine [20 migraine without aura (MO), 11 migraine with aura (MA)]. Fourteen patients with migraine had tension-type headache (TTH) in addition. Sixteen had only TTH. Comparison with the general population revealed a significantly higher prevalence of migraine (RR 4.4), MO (3.6), MA (7.3) and TTH (3.4) in JME. Risk factors for migraine and MO were female gender and for MA family history of migraine in first-degree relatives. Migraine and MA were associated with fairly controlled generalized tonic clonic seizures, MO with absences. Together with its strong genetic background, JME appears to be an attractive homogenous subtype of epilepsy for genetic research on migraine
COVID-19 in hospitalized lung and non-lung solid organ transplant recipients: A comparative analysis from a multicenter study
Lung transplant recipients (LTR) with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) may have higher mortality than non-lung solid organ transplant recipients (SOTR), but direct comparisons are limited. Risk factors for mortality specifically in LTR have not been explored. We performed a multicenter cohort study of adult SOTR with COVID-19 to compare mortality by 28 days between hospitalized LTR and non-lung SOTR. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to assess comorbidity-adjusted mortality among LTR vs. non-lung SOTR and to determine risk factors for death in LTR. Of 1,616 SOTR with COVID-19, 1,081 (66%) were hospitalized including 120/159 (75%) LTR and 961/1457 (66%) non-lung SOTR (p =.02). Mortality was higher among LTR compared to non-lung SOTR (24% vs. 16%, respectively, p =.032), and lung transplant was independently associated with death after adjusting for age and comorbidities (aOR 1.7, 95% CI 1.0â2.6, p =.04). Among LTR, chronic lung allograft dysfunction (aOR 3.3, 95% CI 1.0â11.3, p =.05) was the only independent risk factor for mortality and age >65 years, heart failure and obesity were not independently associated with death. Among SOTR hospitalized for COVID-19, LTR had higher mortality than non-lung SOTR. In LTR, chronic allograft dysfunction was independently associated with mortality
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