Uso de glicerina bruta en la reducción de pérdidas fermentativas de ensilaje de Pennisetum purpureum

To identify symbiosis between roots and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (HMA), methodologies have been reported with variations in concentrations of reagents, temperature, and time of exposure for staining, which does not always adjust to the need for specific cultures due to variation in root structures. The objective of this research was to standardize a methodology to identify mycorrhizal colonization in banana crops in an efficient way. The research was carried out during the second semester of 2022 in the municipality of Apartadó-Antioquia. Four treatments were established that consisted of the evaluation with and without mycorrhizal inoculation with two bleaching techniques each (with and without subjection to Bain Marie). A total of 108 plates (54/technique) were evaluated, where percentage of colonization, visibility, vesicles and arbuscules were identified. There was a complete randomized design. Data were analyzed with R Studio 2022.02 software. An ANAVA and means separations were obtained with a post-hoc analysis of Tukey and Kruskal-Wallis with a confidence level of 95%. Symbiosis was found in all cases, statistical differences were identified in percentage of colonization with 46.8% to 90.2%; arbuscules from 12.1 to 338.0 units and a visibility percentage of 100% in treatments subjected to a Bain Marie, highlighting the need for subjecting banana roots to heat to favor discoloration, staining and visibility due to their architecture.El objetivo de esta investigación fue verificar mejoras en el proceso fermentativo del ensilaje de Pennisetum purpureum cosechados en tres edades de corte con la inclusión de diferentes dosis de glicerina bruta (GB). El experimento fue realizado en un delineamiento completamente al azar en esquema factorial 4x3x3, cuatro dosis de glicerina bruta (0, 10, 20 y 30% de la materia seca [MS] ensilada) y tres edades de corte (30, 45 y 60 días) con tres repeticiones por tratamiento (minisilos). Fueron determinados, pH, producción de efluente (PE), pérdidas por gases (PG) y pérdidas de materia seca (PMS). Los resultados fueron sometidos a un análisis de varianza al 5% de probabilidad. Se ha verificado mejoras en el proceso fermentativo del ensilaje de P. purpureum con la adición de glicerina bruta y reducción de pérdidas. PE se redujo 12,05% para las dosis de 30% de glicerina bruta en el primer corte, para el segundo corte, se redujo del 17,63% en relación al T1 (Testigo) 0% de GB. Las reducciones en las PG en el primer y segundo corte fueron de 22,30% y 82,16% respectivamente, así también la mayor dosis (30% GB) fue la que arrojo mejores resultados con una reducción del 57,3 por ciento. En cuanto a PMS, el ensilaje producido con la mayor dosis de GB (30%) fue el que produjo mejor resultado comparando con las demás dosis. GB puede ser utilizada en el ensilaje de Pennisetum purpureum para promover mejoras en el proceso fermentativo y reducción de las perdidas cualitativas

Altura e produtividade do capim Urochloa brizantha em função das estações do ano e frequências de corte

A produção de carne bovina depende basicamente da produção de pastagens, assim, o objetivo dessa pesquisa foi avaliar a altura do dossel e as produções de matéria seca de lâminas foliares e colmo do capim Urochloa brizantha cv. Piatã em função das frequências de cortes, estações do ano com e sem irrigação. O delineamento foi inteiramente casualizado em esquema fatorial 4x2x3, sendo quatro idades de corte (21, 28, 35 e 42 dias entre cortes), irrigado e não irrigado, e três estações do ano (outono, inverno e primavera) com seis repetições por tratamento (canteiros experimentais). Os parâmetros avaliados foram: altura de dossel e as produções de massa seca total de lâminas foliares e colmo. Os resultados indicaram que na primavera, as maiores alturas do dossel foram registradas em pastos cortados aos 28 dias com 39,6 cm de altura. As produções de massa seca de lâminas foliares foram maiores no intervalo de corte de 42dias, sendo as maiores produções durante o Outono com 1,364 kg ha-1 com irrigação. A primavera foi à estação que apresentou as melhores produções de massa seca de colmos com 0,141 kg ha-1 de MS aos 42 dias sem irrigação. A irrigação aumenta a altura do dossel durante o inverno. Estas informações podem ser recomendadas na alimentação de animais ruminantes

Glicerol en el comportamiento productivo y características de la canal y carne de cabras: un metaanálisis

 The aim of the present meta-analytical study was to evaluate the effect of glycerol in the diet on the productive performance, nutrient digestibility and the characteristics of the carcass and meat of fattening goats. A systematic review was made using the Google Scholar, ScienceDirect and SciELO databases. Keywords such as crude glycerine, intake, goat, kids, carcass, meat quality were used. As inclusion criteria of the scientific articles, the presence of a control treatment (0% glycerol) and at least a percentage of glycerol in the diet, data regarding the digestibility of nutrients, productive response, characteristics of the carcass and meat and glycerol level in crude glycerin were considered in papers published between 2014 and 2019. In total, 56 articles were selected, of which 11 met the inclusion criteria. Given the heterogeneity or amplitude of the glycerol levels, the levels were grouped: 0, 1.27-4.38 and 6.40-9.60% of glycerol based on the dry matter of the diet. Normality, variance and regression analyses were performed from the data of each variable within each level of glycerol in the diet. The high variation of glycerol levels in crude glycerine was evidenced. Glycerol up to 9.60% in the diet does not compromise digestibility, consumption, main characteristics of the carcass and goat meat.El objetivo del presente estudio meta-analítico fue evaluar el efecto del glicerol en la dieta sobre el comportamiento productivo, digestibilidad de nutrientes y las características de la canal y carne de cabras en engorde. Se hizo una revisión sistemática utilizando las bases de datos de Google Scholar, ScienceDirect y SciELO. Palabras clave como crude glycerin, intake, goat, kids, carcass, meat quality fueron utilizados. Como criterios de inclusión de los artículos científicos se consideraron la presencia de un tratamiento testigo (0% de glicerol) y por lo menos un porcentaje de glicerol en la dieta, datos referentes a la digestibilidad de los nutrientes, respuesta productiva, características de la canal y carne y nivel de glicerol en la glicerina bruta en trabajos publicados entre 2014 y 2019. Se seleccionaron 56 artículos, de los cuales 11 reunieron los criterios de inclusión. Ante la heterogeneidad o amplitud de los niveles de glicerol, los niveles fueron agrupados: 0, 1.27-4.38 y 6.40-9.60% de glicerol en base a la materia seca de la dieta. Análisis de normalidad, variancia y de regresión fueron realizadas a partir de los datos de cada variable dentro de cada nivel de glicerol en la dieta. Se evidenció la alta variación de los niveles de glicerol en glicerina bruta. Glicerol hasta 9.60% en la dieta no compromete la digestibilidad, consumo, principales características de la canal y carne de cabra

The use of crude glycerin as an alternative to reduce fermentation losses and enhance the nutritional value of Piatã grass silage

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate fermentation losses and the nutritional value of silage of Brachiaria brizantha cv BRS Piatã ensiled with different levels of crude glycerin. The experiment followed a 4 × 2 completely randomized factorial design with four doses of crude glycerin (0, 100, 200, and 300 g kg–1 of DM silage) and two cutting ages (45 and 60 days) with four replicates per treatment (silos). The parameters of dry matter losses, effluents losses, gas losses, pH, microbial population, and nutritional value of the silage were evaluated. There was no difference in pH among the tested doses of crude glycerin. However, reductions in dry matter and gas losses were observed as a function of crude glycerin doses. Bacterial populations of lactic acid and facultative mesophilic anaerobes also increased as a function of crude glycerin inclusion. Crude glycerin increased ether extract levels and reduced neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber concentrations (dilution effect), improving chemical composition of the silage. Crude glycerin can be used in the ensiling of Piatã grass and the dose of 300 g kg–1 of DM yields the best results