Diversidade de microrganismos em frutos do cafeeiro cultivado na proximidade do Lago de Furnas

Several coffee farms in southern Minas Gerais have their crops to the shores of Lake Furnas. The aim of this study was to analyze the influence of Furnas Lake proximity on diversity of microorganisms and sensory quality coffee and physics. Fruits and coffee beans were collected in Alfenas, located on the shores of Lake Furnas, and Cabo Verde, whose municipality is not bathed in this lake. The isolation of organisms was accomplished by plating technique directly on selective media. The greatest diversity of microorganisms was verified in Alfenas municipality of samples. By cup test samples obtained in both two locations were classified as stiff drink.Diversas propriedades de café no Sul de Minas possuem suas lavouras às margens do Lago de Furnas. Objetivou-se, neste trabalho, analisar a influência da proximidade do Lago de Furnas, na diversidade de microrganismos e na qualidade sensorial e física do café. Foram utilizados frutos e grãos de café provenientes de Alfenas, localizada às margens do Lago de Furnas, e em Cabo Verde, cujo município não é banhado por este lago. O isolamento dos microrganismos foi realizado pela técnica de plaqueamento direto em meios seletivos. A maior diversidade de microrganismos foi verificada nas amostras do município de Alfenas. Por meio de prova de xícaras, as amostras das duas localidades obtiveram bebida dura

Wasted cabbage (Brassica oleracea) silages treated with different levels of ground corn andsilage inoculant

Our objective was to evaluate the chemical composition, fermentation profile, and aerobic stability of cabbage silages treated with ground corn and inoculant. The evaluated treatments were: addition of 200, 300, 400, 500, and 600 g of ground corn per kilogram of cabbage (fresh matter basis), with or without a bacterial inoculant composed of Lactobacillus plantarumand Pediococcus pentosaceus. As expected, ground corn additions increased the dry matter (DM) content of cabbage silage, and high values were observed for the highest level of addition (540 g kg−1). Conversely, the crude protein, neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber, and lignin contents decreased with ground corn additions. The in vitro dry matter digestibility coefficients increased slightly with ground corn additions, but all cabbage silages had digestibility higher than 740 g kg−1 of DM. In the fermentation process, the pH values of cabbage silages increased linearly because of the high levels of ground corn addition. Cabbage ensiled with 200 and 300 g kg−1 of ground corn had high ammonia N production and fermentative losses (effluent and gas). Cabbage silage treated with 600 g kg−1 of ground corn had lower maximum pH values during aerobic exposure, but all silages had constant temperature during aerobic exposure. The ensiling of wasted cabbage is possible and we recommend the application of 400 g kg−1ground corn to improve the silage quality, whereas the use of the inoculant is unnecessary

NEOTROPICAL ALIEN MAMMALS: a data set of occurrence and abundance of alien mammals in the Neotropics

Biological invasion is one of the main threats to native biodiversity. For a species to become invasive, it must be voluntarily or involuntarily introduced by humans into a nonnative habitat. Mammals were among first taxa to be introduced worldwide for game, meat, and labor, yet the number of species introduced in the Neotropics remains unknown. In this data set, we make available occurrence and abundance data on mammal species that (1) transposed a geographical barrier and (2) were voluntarily or involuntarily introduced by humans into the Neotropics. Our data set is composed of 73,738 historical and current georeferenced records on alien mammal species of which around 96% correspond to occurrence data on 77 species belonging to eight orders and 26 families. Data cover 26 continental countries in the Neotropics, ranging from Mexico and its frontier regions (southern Florida and coastal-central Florida in the southeast United States) to Argentina, Paraguay, Chile, and Uruguay, and the 13 countries of Caribbean islands. Our data set also includes neotropical species (e.g., Callithrix sp., Myocastor coypus, Nasua nasua) considered alien in particular areas of Neotropics. The most numerous species in terms of records are from Bos sp. (n = 37,782), Sus scrofa (n = 6,730), and Canis familiaris (n = 10,084); 17 species were represented by only one record (e.g., Syncerus caffer, Cervus timorensis, Cervus unicolor, Canis latrans). Primates have the highest number of species in the data set (n = 20 species), partly because of uncertainties regarding taxonomic identification of the genera Callithrix, which includes the species Callithrix aurita, Callithrix flaviceps, Callithrix geoffroyi, Callithrix jacchus, Callithrix kuhlii, Callithrix penicillata, and their hybrids. This unique data set will be a valuable source of information on invasion risk assessments, biodiversity redistribution and conservation-related research. There are no copyright restrictions. Please cite this data paper when using the data in publications. We also request that researchers and teachers inform us on how they are using the data