8,970 research outputs found
New vortex solution in SU(3) gauge-Higgs theory
Following a brief review of known vortex solutions in SU(N) gauge-adjoint
Higgs theories we show the existence of a new ``minimal'' vortex solution in
SU(3) gauge theory with two adjoint Higgs bosons. At a critical coupling the
vortex decouples into two abelian vortices, satisfying Bogomol'nyi type, first
order, field equations. The exact value of the vortex energy (per unit length)
is found in terms of the topological charge that equals to the N=2
supersymmetric charge, at the critical coupling. The critical coupling signals
the increase of the underlying supersymmetry.Comment: 15 page
Natural PQ symmetry in the 3-3-1 model with a minimal scalar sector
In the framework of a 3-3-1 model with a minimal scalar sector we make a
detailed study concerning the implementation of the PQ symmetry in order to
solve the strong CP problem. For the original version of the model, with only
two scalar triplets, we show that the entire Lagrangian is invariant under a
PQ-like symmetry but no axion is produced since an U(1) subgroup remains
unbroken. Although in this case the strong CP problem can still be solved, the
solution is largely disfavored since three quark states are left massless to
all orders in perturbation theory. The addition of a third scalar triplet
removes the massless quark states but the resulting axion is visible. In order
to become realistic the model must be extended to account for massive quarks
and invisible axion. We show that the addition of a scalar singlet together
with a Z_N discrete gauge symmetry can successfully accomplish these tasks and
protect the axion field against quantum gravitational effects. To make sure
that the protecting discrete gauge symmetry is anomaly free we use a discrete
version of the Green-Schwarz mechanism.Comment: 18 pages, 1 figure, 3 table
Macroinvertebrate-Based Biomonitoring of Coastal Wetlands in Mediterranean Chile: Testing Potential Metrics Able to Detect Anthropogenic Impacts
Multi-String Solutions by Soliton Methods in De Sitter Spacetime
{\bf Exact} solutions of the string equations of motion and constraints are
{\bf systematically} constructed in de Sitter spacetime using the dressing
method of soliton theory. The string dynamics in de Sitter spacetime is
integrable due to the associated linear system. We start from an exact string
solution and the associated solution of the linear system , and we construct a new solution differing from
by a rational matrix in with at least four
poles . The periodi-
city condition for closed strings restrict to discrete values
expressed in terms of Pythagorean numbers. Here we explicitly construct solu-
tions depending on -spacetime coordinates, two arbitrary complex numbers
(the 'polarization vector') and two integers which determine the string
windings in the space. The solutions are depicted in the hyperboloid coor-
dinates and in comoving coordinates with the cosmic time . Despite of
the fact that we have a single world sheet, our solutions describe {\bf multi-
ple}(here five) different and independent strings; the world sheet time
turns to be a multivalued function of .(This has no analogue in flat space-
time).One string is stable (its proper size tends to a constant for , and its comoving size contracts); the other strings are unstable (their
proper sizes blow up for , while their comoving sizes tend to cons-
tants). These solutions (even the stable strings) do not oscillate in time. The
interpretation of these solutions and their dynamics in terms of the sinh-
Gordon model is particularly enlighting.Comment: 25 pages, latex. LPTHE 93-44. Figures available from the auhors under
reques
String Instabilities in Black Hole Spacetimes
We study the emergence of string instabilities in - dimensional black
hole spacetimes (Schwarzschild and Reissner - Nordstr\o m), and De Sitter space
(in static coordinates to allow a better comparison with the black hole case).
We solve the first order string fluctuations around the center of mass motion
at spatial infinity, near the horizon and at the spacetime singularity. We find
that the time components are always well behaved in the three regions and in
the three backgrounds. The radial components are {\it unstable}: imaginary
frequencies develop in the oscillatory modes near the horizon, and the
evolution is like , , near the spacetime
singularity, , where the world - sheet time , and the
proper string length grows infinitely. In the Schwarzschild black hole, the
angular components are always well - behaved, while in the Reissner - Nordstr\o
m case they develop instabilities inside the horizon, near where the
repulsive effects of the charge dominate over those of the mass. In general,
whenever large enough repulsive effects in the gravitational background are
present, string instabilities develop. In De Sitter space, all the spatial
components exhibit instability. The infalling of the string to the black hole
singularity is like the motion of a particle in a potential
where depends on the spacetime
dimensions and string angular momentum, with for Schwarzschild and
for Reissner - Nordstr\o m black holes. For the
string ends trapped by the black hole singularity.Comment: 26pages, Plain Te
Exact String Solutions in Nontrivial Backgrounds
We show how the classical string dynamics in -dimensional gravity
background can be reduced to the dynamics of a massless particle constrained on
a certain surface whenever there exists at least one Killing vector for the
background metric. We obtain a number of sufficient conditions, which ensure
the existence of exact solutions to the equations of motion and constraints.
These results are extended to include the Kalb-Ramond background. The
-brane dynamics is also analyzed and exact solutions are found. Finally, we
illustrate our considerations with several examples in different dimensions.
All this also applies to the tensionless strings.Comment: 22 pages, LaTeX, no figures; V2:Comments and references added;
V3:Discussion on the properties of the obtained solutions extended, a
reference and acknowledgment added; V4:The references renumbered, to appear
in Phys Rev.
Planetoid strings : solutions and perturbations
A novel ansatz for solving the string equations of motion and constraints in
generic curved backgrounds, namely the planetoid ansatz, was proposed recently
by some authors. We construct several specific examples of planetoid strings in
curved backgrounds which include Lorentzian wormholes, spherical Rindler
spacetime and the 2+1 dimensional black hole. A semiclassical quantisation is
performed and the Regge relations for the planetoids are obtained. The general
equations for the study of small perturbations about these solutions are
written down using the standard, manifestly covariant formalism. Applications
to special cases such as those of planetoid strings in Minkowski and spherical
Rindler spacetimes are also presented.Comment: 24 pages (including two figures), RevTex, expanded and figures adde
Strings Next To and Inside Black Holes
The string equations of motion and constraints are solved near the horizon
and near the singularity of a Schwarzschild black hole. In a conformal gauge
such that ( = worldsheet time coordinate) corresponds to the
horizon () or to the black hole singularity (), the string
coordinates express in power series in near the horizon and in power
series in around . We compute the string invariant size and
the string energy-momentum tensor. Near the horizon both are finite and
analytic. Near the black hole singularity, the string size, the string energy
and the transverse pressures (in the angular directions) tend to infinity as
. To leading order near , the string behaves as two dimensional
radiation. This two spatial dimensions are describing the sphere in the
Schwarzschild manifold.Comment: RevTex, 19 pages without figure
- …