Zero-dose hotspots features in Kikwit city, DRC, 2022 (n = 1863).

Zero-dose hotspots features in Kikwit city, DRC, 2022 (n = 1863).</p

Children and mother/ guardian characteristics, Kikwit city, DRC, 2022 (n = 1863).

Children and mother/ guardian characteristics, Kikwit city, DRC, 2022 (n = 1863).</p

Zero-dose prevalence according to main characteristics and associated risk factors in Kikwit City, DRC, 2022.

Zero-dose prevalence according to main characteristics and associated risk factors in Kikwit City, DRC, 2022.</p

Hotspot analysis, population density, cases of ZD children in the health areas and the distribution of the prevalence of ZD children, CHWs home visit rate and the possession of refrigerator, Kikwit City, DRC, 2022.

Hotspot analysis, population density, cases of ZD children in the health areas and the distribution of the prevalence of ZD children, CHWs home visit rate and the possession of refrigerator, Kikwit City, DRC, 2022.</p

CONSORT flowchart.

<p>CONSORT flowchart.</p

North Kikwit health zone with 25 health areas and South Kikwit health zone with 24 health areas, Kikwit city, province of Kwilu, DR Congo.

North Kikwit health zone with 25 health areas and South Kikwit health zone with 24 health areas, Kikwit city, province of Kwilu, DR Congo.</p

Spatial distribution of households enrolled the study, population density, and prevalence of ZD children at health area level considering both card of vaccination and maternal recall in Kikwit, 2022.

Spatial distribution of households enrolled the study, population density, and prevalence of ZD children at health area level considering both card of vaccination and maternal recall in Kikwit, 2022.</p

A QGIS-compatible geospatial file containing the results of geospatial analysis, which may be accessed using QGIS software.

A QGIS-compatible geospatial file containing the results of geospatial analysis, which may be accessed using QGIS software.</p

Household characteristics, Kikwit city, DRC, 2022 (n = 1863).

Household characteristics, Kikwit city, DRC, 2022 (n = 1863).</p

Health area characteristics, Kikwit city, DRC, 2022 (N = 49 health areas).

Health area characteristics, Kikwit city, DRC, 2022 (N = 49 health areas).</p