Serum alkaline phosphatase and high sensitivity C-reactive protein in type II diabetes mellitus: a risk of cardio vascular disease in South Indian population

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a clinical syndrome characterized by abnormal metabolism of carbohydrate, protein and fat resulting in hyperglycemia due to absolute or relative deficiency of insulin ending up in vascular complications leading to retinopathy, neuropathy and nephropathy. The aim of the study was to examine the relationship between alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and high sensitive C reactive protein (hsCRP), in type 2 diabetic patients. We assessed the association of ALP and hsCRP levels with CVD complication and determined its utility for CVD risk prediction in type 2 DM subjects with good and poor glycemic control. Further, we investigated correlation between serum ALP and hsCRP level with glycemic control (FBS, PP2BS, HbA1c) in subjects.Methods: A cross sectional study consists of 390 patients out of which 100 normal healthy control (Group I) , 120 patients having type 2 DM with good control (Group II), 170 patients with type 2 DM with poor control (Group III) were selected. Serum ALP, serum hsCRP, FBS, PP2BS, HbA1c, and other biochemical investigations including serum liver enzymes and lipid profile were measured.Results: In Study I Mean serum ALP(145.17±23.91) and hsCRP (2.53±0.76) concentration in group II patients when compared to group I serum ALP(142.17±16.48) and Hscrp (1.51±0.15) shows a significance of ALP (p<0.05) and Hscrp (p<0.001).Study II Mean serum ALP(145.17±23.91) and hsCRP (2.53±0.76) concentration in group II patients when compared to group III serum ALP (147.79±28.95) and Hscrp (3.848±0.47) group shows a significance of ALP (p<0.001) and Hscrp (p<0.05). Study III Mean serum ALP (147.79±28.95) and hsCRP (3.848± 0.47) concentration in group III patients when compared to group I serum ALP (142.17±16.48) and Hscrp (1.51±0.15) shows a high significance of both ALP and Hscrp (p<0.001). Further significant positive correlation was observed between ALP and hsCRP concentration as well as with HbA1c, FBS, and PP2BS.Conclusions: Inflammation along with the poor glycemic control in diabetes play a role in diabetic macrovascular complication like CVD. All these finding are showing a link between CVD, inflammation and glycemic control in patient with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Investigation of the effect of Au2O3 dopant on elastic properties of PbO-B2O3-SeO2: Er2O3 glass ceramics by ultrasonic techniques

Various elastic coefficients of Au2O3 doped PbO-B2O3-SeO2:Er2O3 (PBSE) glass ceramics were evaluated as functions of Au2O3 content using ultrasonic velocity measurements. The elastic coefficients and micro-hardness showed a decreasing tendency with the concentration of Au2O3. Such decrease is attributed to the increasing concentration of gold metallic particles and [SeO3]2- groups that acted as modifiers and induced imperfections in these samples. Obtained results were observed to be consistent with the conclusions drawn from spectroscopic studies that include X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), infrared (IR), photoluminescence (PL) and positron annihilation (PAL) spectroscopy studies. Overall, these studies have revealed that even though, the presence of gold metallic particles is preferable for achieving superior luminescence and electrical properties, presence of such particles caused to decrease the elastic coefficients and micro-hardness of these glass ceramics. However, when the concentration of Au2O3 is increased beyond 0.075 mol%, we have observed a slight increase of elastic coefficients and micro-hardness.Comment: 6 pages, 8 figure

Influence of WO₃ on dielectric properties of zinc phosphate glasses

275-284Dielectric constant ɛ', loss tan δ and a.c conductivity σa.c of 40 ZnO-xWO3-(60-x) P2O5 (with 0 ≤ x ≤ 15) glasses are studied as a function of frequency (in the range 102-105 Hz) and temperature (range 30-300°C). The dielectric breakdown strengths of these glasses are also measured in the air medium. All the dielectric parameters (viz., ɛ', tan δ and σa.c) are found to decrease with the increase in the concentration of WO3. Dielectric loss variation with the temperature for the glasses containing WO3 up to 5 mol % exhibited dipolar relaxation effects. These effects are analysed by a pseudo Cole-Cole plot method. The dielectric breakdown strength, the activation energy for a.c conduction are found to decrease with increase in concentration of WO3. These results have been used to throw some light on the structural change in ZnO-WO3-P2O5 glass system with the aid of data on IR spectra and differential thermal analysis of these glasses

Influence of Cr

PbO-As2O3 glasses containing different concentrations of Cr2O3 (ranging from 0 to 0.4 mol% ) were prepared. The differential thermal analysis, IR and optical absorption spectral studies of these glasses were carried out; from these studies, the variations in the values of glass transition and crystallization temperatures, optical band gap and the shifting of symmetrical bending vibrational frequency band were observed with increase in concentration of Cr2O3. Magnetic susceptibilities for these glasses were also determined and Cr3+ ion concentration was estimated. In addition, detailed studies on dielectric properties viz., dielectric constant ε, loss tan δ, ac conductivity $\sigma_{\rm ac}$ and dielectric breakdown strength were investigated. Using the results of these studies, the structural modifications taking place in the glass network were discussed in the light of Cr3+ ion concentration

Study on ZnF₂-P₂O₅-TeO₂ glass system by dielectric properties, IR <span style="font-size:14.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";color:black;mso-ansi-language:EN-IN; mso-fareast-language:EN-IN;mso-bidi-language:HI" lang="EN-IN">spectra and differential thermal <span style="font-size:14.0pt;line-height:115%; font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-font-family:HiddenHorzOCR;color:black; mso-ansi-language:EN-IN;mso-fareast-language:EN-IN;mso-bidi-language:HI" lang="EN-IN">analysis</span></span>

382-391<span style="font-size:14.0pt;line-height: 115%;font-family:" times="" new="" roman";mso-fareast-font-family:"times="" roman";="" color:black;mso-ansi-language:en-in;mso-fareast-language:en-in;mso-bidi-language:="" hi"="" lang="EN-IN">Results of measurements of the dielectric properties and ac conductivity of five glass compositions of the ZnF2-P2O5-TeO2 system are reported and discussed. Extrema in these properties are observed at the composition with a P2O5 content of 12%. These results are correlated with the network arrangements in these glasses, as supported from the IR spectra and differential thermal analysis data of these glasses.</span

Synthesis, dielectric, conductivity and magnetic studies of LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn(1/3)−xAlxO2 (x = 0.0, 0.02, 0.04 and 0.06) for cathode materials of lithium-ion batteries

Layered structure cathode materials LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn(1/3)−xAlxO2 (x = 0.0, 0.02, 0.04 and 0.06) are prepared by the sol-gel method by adding citric acid as chelating agent. The physical, electrical and magnetic properties of the synthesized materials are systematically discussed using the structural (XRD, FESEM with EDS and FT-IR), impedance (LCR) and electron spin resonance (ESR) measurements. The X-ray diffraction pattern of the synthesized samples possessed the α-NaFeO2 structure of the space group, R3¯m, with no evidence of any impurities. The peak intensity ratio I(104)/I(003) increased with Al concentration, which indicated the cation mixing between transition metal layer and lithium layer. The field effect scanning electron microscopy showed the particle size distribution in the range of 230–250 nm and EDS has been analysed for elemental mapping. The local structure is investigated by vibrational spectroscopy in FT-IR study. The impedance studies are characterized by complex impedance spectroscopy (CIS) in the frequency range from 42 Hz to 1 MHz at room temperature (30 °C). The dielectric properties are analyzed in the framework of complex dielectric permittivity and formalism of the complex electric modulus. For these samples, the ESR analysis of magnetic measurements, the degree of cation mixing, is estimated to be Ni2+(3b) = 2.75%. Keywords: Layered structure, XRD, FESEM, FT-IR, Dielectric, ES

<span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 115%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language:EN-IN;mso-fareast-language:EN-IN;mso-bidi-language:HI" lang="EN-IN">Thermoluminescence studies on NaF-B₂O₃ glasses doped with certain transition metal ions</span>

803-806The alkali fluoroborate glasses like NaF-B2O3 glasses are considered as good materials for radiation dosimetry applications. The thermoluminescence (TL) properties of X-ray irradiated (pure and doped with four different transition metal ions viz., Cu2+, V5+, Ti4+, and Mn4+) NaF- B2O3 glasses have been studied. The activation energies and various trap depth parameters of TL glow curves have been evaluated. The possible use of these glasses in radiation dosimetry has been described. Doping of some transition metal ions into NaF-B2O3 glasses may bring interesting changes in thermoluminescence (TL) emission characteristics of NaF-B2O3 glasses because some of these ions may act as luminescence activators (whose energy difference between ground state and excited state lie in general between 1.5-3.0eV) and some may act as killers since they have the property of a radiation less transition from the excited state to ground state

Excess volumes, viscosities and compressibilities of binary mixtures consisting of propan-1-ol , butan-1-ol and pentan-1-ol with 1,2-dibromoethane at different temperatures

2268-2273The density, viscosity and ultrasonic velocity in binary mixtures of propan- l-ol, butan - 1 -ol and pentan- 1-ol with 1,2- dibromoethane have been determined at different temperatures from 298.15 to 313.15 K over the whole composition range. Using these parameters the excess volume (VE), excess viscosity(ηE) excess compressibility (KsE), inter molecular free length (Lf) and Grunberg and Nissan parameter d have been evaluated. The values or (VE) for propan- 1 -ol + 1,2-dibromoethane system and butan - 1 -ol+ 1 ,2-dibromoethane system are found to be negative at all temperatures whereas for pentan- 1 -ol + 1,2-dibromoethane the (VE) values are observed to be negative at low concentration of pentan - 1 -ol (up to 0.1 mole fraction). However, this parameter is found to be positive above 0.1 mole fraction. ηE values are observed to be negative for all the systems over the entire composition range. The observed value of excess adiabatic compressibility is found to be negative for propan- 1-ol + 1,2 - dibromoethane and butan- 1-ol + 1,2-dibromoethane and positive for pentan- 1 -ol + 1,2-dibromoethane. Analysis of these parameters indicates that there are inter molecular interactions among components or the binary mixtures that lead to the possible hydrogen bond formation (of the type Br. .. H-O) between unlike molecules

<span style="font-size:14.0pt;line-height: 115%;font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; color:black;mso-ansi-language:EN-IN;mso-fareast-language:EN-IN;mso-bidi-language: HI" lang="EN-IN">Excess volume, viscosity and compressibility of binary mixtures consisting of <i>o</i>-chlorophenol, <i>o</i>-cresol and <i>m</i>-cresol with <i>n-n-</i>diethyl acetamide at different temperatures</span>

850-856<span style="font-size:14.0pt;line-height: 115%;font-family:" times="" new="" roman";mso-fareast-font-family:"times="" roman";="" color:black;mso-ansi-language:en-in;mso-fareast-language:en-in;mso-bidi-language:="" hi"="" lang="EN-IN">The densities, viscosities and ultrasonic velocities of binary mixtures of o-chlorophenol, o-cresol, m-cresol with N, N-diethyl acetamide have been determined at 308.15, 313.15, 318.15, 323.15 K over the whole composition-range, using density bottle, ostwald viscometer, and with single crystal ultrasonic pulse echo-interferometer respectively. These data have been utilized to estimate the excess volume (VE), excess viscosity (ηE) excess compressibility (KSE), excess intermolecular free-length, and Grunberg and Nissan parameter d. Values of VE for o-chlorophenol + N,N-diethyl acetamide system and m-cresol + N,N-diethyl acetamide system are negative at all temperatures but, for o-cresol + N-N diethyl acetamide VE values are positive at lower mole fraction of o-cresol and increase with increase in temperature. ηE values are positive for all the systems and the magnitude of ηE decreases with increase of temperature in all cases. KSE values are negative for all the systems over the whole composition -range. Analysis of these suggests the absence of any strong specific interactions.</span