Fluid movement in a channel of varying gap with permeable walls covered by porous media

Blood flow in arteries idealized into a channel of varying gap bounded by porous layer is studied. Analytical solutions are obtained using Beavers and Joseph slip condition by three approximate methods depending upon the geometrical configuration. The general solutions are applied to a particular problem of smooth constriction idealized into an artery with stenosis. The resistance of the porous layer to the flow in the channel and the shear stress at the nominal surface are discussed in detail. It is shown that for a given porous layer, depending on the value of the porous parameter ασ0, this may lead to an increase or decrease in the resistance and the shear stress may be used in evaluating the performance of various prosthetic devices which ultimately may be implanted in the living system

Longitudinal dispersion of tracer particles in a channel bounded by Porous media using slip condition

Longitudinal dispersion of solute in a channel bounded by porous layers is studied using the analysis of Taylor [4] with BJ slip condition. The results of the present analysis are compared with those of Fung and Tang [2] obtained from using the no-slip condition. It is found that the effect of slip is significant only in the case when the membrane is permeable to solvent but not to the tracer. However, in the case when the membrane is permeable to both the tracer and the solvent, we find that our results coincide with those of Fung and Tang [2]

9S1R Nullomer Peptide Induces Mitochondrial Pathology, Metabolic Suppression, and Enhanced Immune Cell Infiltration, in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Mouse Model

Nullomers are the shortest strings of absent amino acid (aa) sequences in a species or group of species. Primes are those nullomers that have not been detected in the genome of any species. 9S1R is a 5-aa peptide prime sequence attached to 5-arginine aa, used to treat triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) in an in vivo mouse model. This unique peptide, administered with a trehalose carrier (9S1R-NulloPT), offers enhanced solubility and exhibits distinct anti-cancer effects against TNBC. In our study, we investigated the effect of 9S1R-NulloPT on tumor growth, metabolism, metastatic burden, tumor immune-microenvironment (TME), and transcriptome of aggressive mouse TNBC tumors. Notably, treated mice had smaller tumors in the initial phase of the treatment, as compared to untreated control, and diminished in vivo and ex vivo bioluminescence at later-stages - indicative of metabolically quiescent, dying tumors. The treatment also caused changes in TME with increased infiltration of immune cells and altered tumor transcriptome, with 365 upregulated genes and 710 downregulated genes. Consistent with in vitro data, downregulated genes were enriched in cellular metabolic processes (179), specifically mitochondrial TCA cycle/oxidative phosphorylation (44), and translation machinery/ribosome biogenesis (45). The upregulated genes were associated with the developmental (13), ECM organization (12) and focal adhesion pathways (7). In conclusion, our study demonstrates that 9S1R-NulloPT effectively reduced tumor growth during its initial phase, altering the TME and tumor transcriptome. The treatment induced mitochondrial pathology which led to a metabolic deceleration in tumors, aligning with in vitro observations