Low Antibiotic Resistance of Helicobacter pylori in The Netherlands

Transplantation and immunomodulatio

Improving the outcome of fistulising Crohn's disease

Cellular mechanisms in basic and clinical gastroenterology and hepatolog

A Thirty-Year Follow-Up Surveillance Study for Neoplasia of a Dutch Ulcerative Colitis Cohort

Cellular mechanisms in basic and clinical gastroenterology and hepatolog

Standardization of mesenchymal stromal cell therapy for perianal fistulizing Crohn's disease

Cellular mechanisms in basic and clinical gastroenterology and hepatolog

Influence of Combination Therapy with Immune Modulators on Anti-TNF Trough Levels and Antibodies in Patients with IBD

Cellular mechanisms in basic and clinical gastroenterology and hepatolog

Back/joint Pain, Illness Perceptions and Coping are Important Predictors of Quality of Life and Work Productivity in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease: a 12-month Longitudinal Study

Pathophysiology and treatment of rheumatic disease

Classifying Back Pain and Peripheral Joint Complaints in Inflammatory Bowel Disease Patients: A Prospective Longitudinal Follow-up Study

Development and application of statistical models for medical scientific researc

Global maps of soil temperature.

Research in global change ecology relies heavily on global climatic grids derived from estimates of air temperature in open areas at around 2 m above the ground. These climatic grids do not reflect conditions below vegetation canopies and near the ground surface, where critical ecosystem functions occur and most terrestrial species reside. Here, we provide global maps of soil temperature and bioclimatic variables at a 1-km <sup>2</sup> resolution for 0-5 and 5-15 cm soil depth. These maps were created by calculating the difference (i.e. offset) between in situ soil temperature measurements, based on time series from over 1200 1-km <sup>2</sup> pixels (summarized from 8519 unique temperature sensors) across all the world's major terrestrial biomes, and coarse-grained air temperature estimates from ERA5-Land (an atmospheric reanalysis by the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts). We show that mean annual soil temperature differs markedly from the corresponding gridded air temperature, by up to 10°C (mean = 3.0 ± 2.1°C), with substantial variation across biomes and seasons. Over the year, soils in cold and/or dry biomes are substantially warmer (+3.6 ± 2.3°C) than gridded air temperature, whereas soils in warm and humid environments are on average slightly cooler (-0.7 ± 2.3°C). The observed substantial and biome-specific offsets emphasize that the projected impacts of climate and climate change on near-surface biodiversity and ecosystem functioning are inaccurately assessed when air rather than soil temperature is used, especially in cold environments. The global soil-related bioclimatic variables provided here are an important step forward for any application in ecology and related disciplines. Nevertheless, we highlight the need to fill remaining geographic gaps by collecting more in situ measurements of microclimate conditions to further enhance the spatiotemporal resolution of global soil temperature products for ecological applications

Severe colitis while responding to ipilimumab in metastatic melanoma

Experimental cancer immunology and therap

Classification, epidemiology and aetiology

Classification, epidemiology and aetiology. Koffeman GI, van Gemert WG, George EK, Veenendaal RA. Paediatric Surgical Centre Amsterdam, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, P.O. Box 22700, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. [email protected] Intestinal failure and its most important cause, short-bowel syndrome (SBS), are rare clinical entities leading to a vast complex of symptoms and complications with significant morbidity and mortality. Both conditions occur as the result of a massive reduction in enteral nutrient absorptive capacity. Disease manifestation is based on aetiological and anatomical characteristics such as remaining intestinal length and the presence of a functionally intact colon.Congenital and perinatal conditions, for example, intestinal atresia, necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) and intestinal volvulus are the most important causes in children. The aetiology in adults is based on diseases inducing loss of intestinal function or loss of intestinal surface area after extensive surgical resections. The most frequent causes are mesenteric infarction, radiation enteritis and Crohn's disease. Knowledge of the epidemiology of intestinal failure and SBS is limited, being mainly based on the extrapolated figures of home parenteral nutrition centres and single-centre studies. At present, the incidence of SBS is estimated to be 2-5 per millio