Juvenile hormone like substances: Part XV — Synthesis and biological activities of some juvenile hormone analogues containing sulphonamide feature

2635-2641A large number of juvenile hormone analogues 4-19 containing sulphonamide feature have been synthesized. Preliminary biological screening of one representative, N-(2-oxo-2-piperid ino-ethyl) benzenesulphonamide 16a reveals a positive juvenile hormonal activity and chemosterilizing effect against potato tuber moth Phthorimaea operculella.</i

Enoki Mushroom (Flammulina velutipes (Curtis) Singer) Breeding

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Not AvailableA total of 35 strains of shiitake mushroom, Lentinula edodes, obtained from culture bank of ICAR-Directorate of Mushroom Research, Solan, were identified using ITS 5.8S rDNA sequences. Out of them, 30 were found to be true L. edodes. The accessions varied in their morphological characteristics and growth responses (radial growth and downward linear growth) at different temperature and substrates. The differences in growth responses were also used to assess genetic and physiological relatedness of the strains. The L. edodes strains showed high heterogeneity. The diversity studies amongst 30 strains were undertaken using ITS 5.8S rDNA sequences and short sequence repeat and inter-retroelement amplified polymorphism markers. A large genetic diversity amongst the test L. edodes strains was revealed by analysis of physiological requirements and genetics, which can be tapped for identifying the strains for different climates and substrates. Also, this huge genetic diversity can be used to breed better quality, stress tolerant and high yielding strains.Not Availabl

Cell phone radiations affect early growth of Vigna radiata (mung bean) through biochemical alterations

The indiscriminate use of wireless technologies, particularly of cell phones, has increased the health risks among living organisms including plants. We investigated the impact of cell phone electromagentic field (EMF) radiations (power density, 8.55 µW cm-2) on germination, early growth, proteins and carbohydrate contents, and activities of some enzymes in Vigna radiata. Cell phone EMF radiations significantly reduced the seedling length and dry weight of V radiata after exposure for 0.5, 1, 2, and 4 h. Furthermore, the contents of proteins and carbohydrates were reduced in EMF-exposed plants. However, the activities of proteases, α-amylases, β-amylases, polyphenol oxidases, and peroxidases were enhanced in EMF-exposed radicles indicating their role in providing protection against EMF-induced stress. The study concludes that cell phone EMFs impair early growth of V radiata seedlings by inducing biochemical changes

Bangladesh Journal of Botany

Not AvailableThe present experiment was conducted in order to prepare a suitable substrate composition using wheat straw and also to ascertain the effect of various levels of nitrogen supplementation on the yield and biological efficiency of Pleurotus mushroom. The strain DMRP-205 of Pleurotus djamor was used in the study. Among different treatment combinations, maximum biological efficiency of 75.11% was recorded in T2 with 0.5% of urea supplementation. It was also observed that, though the higher nitrogen supplementation does not increase the yield proportionately, it has significant effect on the spawn run period, cropping duration and colour intensity of the basidiocarp. The study necessitates the nitrogen supplementation at optimum levels (0.5%) to realize the maximum yield in P. djamor cultivation

Identification of Key Regulatory Pathways of Basidiocarp Formation in Pleurotus spp. Using Modeling, Simulation and System Biology Studies

Pleurotus (Oyster mushroom) is an important cultivated edible mushroom across the world. It has several therapeutic effects as it contains various useful bio-molecules. The cultivation and crop management of these basidiomycete fungi depends on many extrinsic and intrinsic factors such as substrate composition, growing environment, enzymatic properties, and the genetic makeup, etc. Moreover, for efficient crop production, a comprehensive understanding of the fundamental properties viz. intrinsic&ndash;extrinsic factors and genotype-environment interaction analysis is required. The present study explores the basidiocarp formation biology in Pleurotus mushroom using an in silico response to the environmental factors and involvement of the major regulatory genes. The predictive model developed in this study indicates involvement of the key regulatory pathways in the pinhead to fruit body development process. Notably, the major regulatory pathways involved in the conversion of mycelium aggregation to pinhead formation and White Collar protein (PoWC1) binding flavin-chromophore (FAD) to activate respiratory enzymes. Overall, cell differentiation and higher expression of respiratory enzymes are the two important steps for basidiocarp formation. PoWC1 and pofst genes were participate in the structural changes process. Besides this, the PoWC1 gene is also involved in the respiratory requirement, while the OLYA6 gene is the triggering point of fruiting. The findings of the present study could be utilized to understand the detailed mechanism associated with the basidiocarp formation and to cultivate mushrooms at a sustainable level