Seasonal forage production and quality on four native and improved plant communities in Eastern Oregon

Seasonal trends in forage quality and production were studied on improved and unimproved portions of four plant communities in eastern Oregon. The range improvements consisted of seeding and/or thinning. Improvement doubled forage production on the lodgepole pine site (thinned but not seeded), tripled production on the grassland and moist meadow sites (both seeded), and caused a sixfold rise in forage production on the mixed conifer site (thinned and seeded). However, only in the case of the grassland did range improvement lengthen the period when forage provided adequate nutrition for growth of yearling cattle; the improved nutrition can be attributed primarily to inclusion of a legume (alfalfa) in the seeding mixture. On the forested sites, thinning tended to cause forage to mature earlier and thus decline in forage quality faster than on unthinned controls.Published September 1985. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalo

Maps of native ranges of tropical and subtropical plants created by GIS

This article presents various methods employed for construction of maps of native ranges of plants using geographical information system (GIS). The maps were originally created for a set of publications on important tropical and subtropical plants species kept in the collections of Flora Olomouc Exhibition Grounds, JSC., Czech Republic. Two different approaches were applied using outlined and chorochromatic methods. The former was used for construction of maps depicting approximate ranges, i.e., ranges which cannot be constructed exactly due to the objective lack of biogeographical data (e.g. early domesticated crops, which no longer occur in the wild). The latter approach was used for construction of maps showing known ranges, i.e., ranges that can be constructed more or less exactly because there is no considerable lack of biogeographical data. The maps of known ranges could be further divided according to the total area of the depicted range, its shape or location. The paper also presents plans of the greenhouses and the exhibition complex at Flora Olomouc Exhibition Grounds, using a different type of thematic maps useful for large-scale mapping of living collections

Tris(propane-1,2-diamine-κ2 N,N′)nickel(II) tetra­cyanidoplatinate(II)

In the title compound, [Ni(C3H10N2)3][Pt(CN)4], the [Pt(CN)4]2− anion with the environment of the PtII atom, lying on a mirror plane, is square planar, whereas the NiII atom in the [Ni(C3N2H10)3]2+ cation, also lying on a mirror plane, has a slightly distorted octa­hedral coordination geometry. Three chiral 1,2-diamino­propane mol­ecules, which are disordered equally over two sets of positions, adopt Δ(δδδ) and Δ(λλλ) configurations. The average Ni—N and Pt—C bond lengths are 2.131 (10) and 1.988 (10) Å, respectively. The cations and anions are connected by N—H⋯N hydrogen bonds

Reports on breeding ewe lambs

Published January 1978. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalo

Botanical composition and diet quality of beef cattle grazing at three stocking rates following fuels reduction in mixed conifer forests

Due to the increasing cost and concern of catastrophic wildfires in the Western United States, there is an increasing interest in fuels reduction projects. Fuel reduction treatments utilize various methods of thinning and/or prescribed fire to obtain desirable forest stand conditions. However, the effects of fuels reduction on ecosystem function are not well known. To explore the effects of fuel reduction, a series of studies have been developed. One of these studies was designed to look at how cattle diets are affected by fuels reduction and stocking rate. The study occurred at the Starkey Experimental Forest and Range in Northeast Oregon. A split plot factorial study design was used, with the whole plots (3 ha) being fuel reduced or no treatment (extant) and the split plots (1 ha) within grazed to three levels of forage utilization; (1) 3 cows/ha, (2) 6 cows/ha, (3) 9 cows/ha, with a 48 hour grazing duration. Grazing treatments were applied in August of 2005 and 2006. Cattle dietary composition information was collected from six cows in each experimental unit (1 ha) using the bite-count method with 20 minute grazing bouts. Masticate samples were collected after each 20 minute grazing bout from six ruminally cannulated cows in each experimental unit in order to determine diet quality. Masticate samples were analyzed for CP, ADF, NDF, and invitro digestibility. Preliminary results indicate foraging efficiency of cattle decreases with increased stocking rates along with an increase in shrub use across both treated and untreated sites. The results of this study will be used as part of a larger, long-term study that will provide information and models on the interaction of ungulate herbivory and episodic disturbance that will help inform and guide the management of multi-use forests

The effect of pre-calving energy level on cow performance

Published April 1980. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalo