Efectos y beneficios del entrenamiento de fuerza en pacientes con cáncer: revisión sistemática de la literatura

Introduction: cancer is among the diseases having the greatest mortality rates and the cause of many disabilities worldwide. The practice of exercise is developed as an adjuvant therapy along with the cancer treatment to reduce mortality and disability in the different types of cancer.Objective: to identify the effects of strength training on cancer patients.Methods: a complete review of the medical literature was conducted until December 2018, scientific articles published in indexed bases from 2015 to 2018. The studies included were in population over 18 years old with cancer diagnosis regardless of sociodemographic characteristics, type or stage of cancer. The data extracted were on the population, intervention and control groups, type of cancer, period, frequency of intervention and results.Results: during the first search 36071 titles of clinical study were found in specialized journals. 10 experimental studies were chosen. Multiple positive effects were found, as well as components that should be taken into account when performing strength training on cancer patients or cancer survivors.Conclusions: strength training in patients with cancer or survivors of this disease, helps them to improve their symptoms as well as their quality of life, strength, improved mobility and pain, among others. Also, strength training is beneficial to patients without causing adverse effects or long-term complications.Introducción: El cáncer se encuentra entre las enfermedades con mayor mortalidad y causante de un gran número de discapacidades a nivel mundial. El ejercicio surge como un coadyuvante del tratamiento oncológico para disminuir la mortalidad y discapacidad en los diferentes tipos de cáncer.Objetivo: Identificar los efectos del entrenamiento de fuerza en pacientes con cáncer.Método:  Se realizó una revisión de la literatura hasta diciembre del 2018, de artículos científicos publicados en bases de indexadas desde 2015 y hasta 2018. Los estudios incluidos fueron en población mayor a 18 años con diagnóstico de cáncer sin importar características sociodemográficas, tipo o estadio del cáncer. Los datos extraídos fueron sobre la población, grupos de intervención y control, tipo de cáncer, periodo, frecuencia de la intervención y resultados.Resultados: Durante la primera búsqueda 36071 títulos de estudios clínicos fueron encontrados en revistas especializadas. Al final 10 estudios de carácter experimental fueron seleccionados. En dichos estudios, múltiples efectos fueron encontrados, así como componentes que se deben tener en cuenta a realizar un entrenamiento de fuerza en pacientes con cáncer o sobrevivientes del mismo.Conclusiones: El entrenamiento de fuerza en pacientes con cáncer o sobrevivientes de esta enfermedad, les ayuda a mejorar su sintomatología al igual que su calidad de vida, fatiga, fuerza, mejoría en la movilidad y el dolor, entre otros. Así mismo, el entrenamiento de fuerza es beneficioso para los pacientes sin causar efectos adversos o complicaciones a largo plazo

Medical and social egg freezing: internet based survey of knowledge and attitudes among women in Denmark and the UK

Introduction: Until recently, limited options for preserving fertility in order to delay childbearing were available. Although egg freezing and successful thawing is now possible, it remains unclear to what extent women are aware of the availability of this technique, their attitudes towards its use, or the circumstances under which this technique may be considered.Material and methods: An online cross-sectional survey was designed to investigate knowledge and attitudes of women in Denmark and the UK on egg freezing and their potential intentions regarding the procedure.Results: Data was collected from September 2012 to September 2013 and the responses of 973 women were analyzed. In total, 83% of women reported having heard of egg freezing, and nearly all considered it acceptable for medical indications, whilst 89% considered it acceptable for social reasons. Overall, 19% expressed active interest in the procedure, and 27% expressed possible interest. Key factors found to positively influence attitudes to accepting the procedure were reassurance that it would not affect future fertility and greater than 50% chance of achieving a live birth. Characteristics significantly associated with intention to freeze eggs were being single, age under 35 years, childlessness, and a history of infertility. In this group, risk and cost were less important considerations.Conclusions: This study indicates that there is widespread awareness and support of the availability of eggs freezing for reproductive planning. Reassurance regarding its efficacy appears more important than its potential adverse effects on their health or that of future children, or the costs of the procedure