Efficiency of the using singulyar at treatment of the bronchial asthma beside children

Using singulyar for reinforcement base treatment beside children allows to reach checking on clinical symptoms of the bronchial asthma and vastly perfect the factors to functions of the external breathing at more short periods

Сравнительный анализ объема потребления антипсихотических препаратов для лечения больных шизофренией на стационарном этапе лечения: 5-летнее ретроспективное исследование

Aim. The study was aimed to perform a comparative retrospective pharmacoepidemiological analysis of antipsychotic drugs (APD) used for inpatient treatment for schizophrenia.Materials and methods. This retrospective pharmacoepidemiological study included 1077 medical records of patients diagnosed with schizophrenia according to ICD-10 (F20.0-F20.8) selected for the analysis on the base of a psychiatric inpatient hospital in Moscow during 2013-2017. The study design included socio-demographic data (sex, age, education, disability, social status) and clinical-economic data (diagnoses, duration of hospitalization), information on the prescription frequency of drugs and dose regimens were analyzed. The consumption volume of APD was estimated using the WHO ATS/DDD methodology.Results and discussion. It was found that women prevailed (55-71%) with the mean age ranging from 42.8±14.1 to 47.4±14.7 (±SD – standard deviation). In the studied sampling, paranoid schizophrenia dominated (≥70%). Over the analyzed 5-year period, the consumption volume of APDs was characterized by alternating declines and rises (from 154.49 to 208.09 NDDD/100 bed-days). The consumption of atypical APDs decreased by 7% and typical APDs increased by 25% compared to the base year (2013), respectively. The most significant changes in the consumption were identified for APDs of prolonged action (a decrease by 67% compared to 2013). Haloperidol and clozapine (oral forms), which are included in the DU90% segment, remained the leaders in terms of prescription frequency and consumption volume (49.04 and 45.26 NDDD/100 bed days in 2017, respectively). Moreover, trihexiphenydil (used to correct adverse reactions) also had a high frequency of administration and consumption.Conclusion. It was found that 1/2 of all prescriptions were antipsychotic drugs used to treat schizophrenia. The total consumption volume of APDs in 2017 decreased by 9.2% compared to 2013. A high consumption volume is typical for drugs from the subgroup of typical APDs, but atypical APDs prevailed in terms of prescription frequency, which may indicate the prescription of typical APDs in doses exceeding the defined daily dose.Цель. Провести сравнительный ретроспективный фармакоэпидемиологический анализ антипсихотических средств (АПС), используемых для лечения шизофрении на стационарном этапе оказания лекарственной помощи.Материалы и методы. В ретроспективном фармакоэпидемиологическом исследовании было отобрано 1077 историй болезни пациентов с диагнозом ≪шизофрения≫ согласно МКБ-10 (F20.0-F20.8). Дизайн исследования включал анализ социально-демографических (пол, возраст, образование, социальное положение) и клинико-экономических данных (диагноз, длительность госпитализации), частоты назначения и режимов дозирования ЛП, а также объема потребления АПС по АТС/DDD методологии ВОЗ.Результаты и обсуждение. Установлено, что по гендерному распределению преобладали женщины (55–71%), средний возраст которых варьировал от 42,8±14,1 до 47,4±14,7 (±СО – стандартное отклонение). В исследуемой выборке преобладали пациенты с параноидной шизофренией (≥70%). За анализируемый 5-летний период объем потребления АПС характеризовался чередующимися спадами и подъемами (от 154,49 до 208,09 NDDD/100 койко-дней), при этом потребление атипичных АПС по сравнению с базисным годом (2013) понизилось на 7%, а типичных АПС, напротив, выросло на 25%. Наиболее значимые изменения (снижение на 67% относительно 2013 г.) характерны для АПС пролонгированного действия. Лидерами по частоте назначений (ЧН) и объему потребления являлись клозапин и галоперидол, включенные в DU90%-сегмент (49,04 и 45,26 NDDD/100 койко-дней в 2017 г. соответственно). Кроме того, отмечены высокая ЧН и потребление тригексифенидила, назначаемого для коррекции нежелательных побочных реакций.Заключение. Было установлено, что ½ всех назначений составляют антипсихотические средства, применяемые для лечения шизофрении. Удельный вес потребления АПС за 5 лет снизился на 9,2%. Высокий объем потребления характерен для препаратов из подгруппы типичных АПС, но при этом по частоте назначения преобладали атипичные АПС, что может свидетельствовать о назначении типичных АПС в дозах, превышающих установленную суточную дозу

Presenilin Controls CBP Levels in the Adult Drosophila Central Nervous System

Background: Dominant mutations in both human Presenilin (Psn) genes have been correlated with the formation of amyloid plaques and development of familial early-onset Alzheimer’s disease (AD). However, a definitive mechanism whereby plaque formation causes the pathology of familial and sporadic forms of AD has remained elusive. Recent discoveries of several substrates for Psn protease activity have sparked alternative hypotheses for the pathophysiology underlying AD. CBP (CREB-binding protein) is a haplo-insufficient transcriptional co-activator with histone acetly-transferase (HAT) activity that has been proposed to be a downstream target of Psn signaling. Individuals with altered CBP have cognitive deficits that have been linked to several neurological disorders. Methodology/Principal Findings: Using a transgenic RNA-interference strategy to selectively silence CBP, Psn, and Notch in adult Drosophila, we provide evidence for the first time that Psn is required for normal CBP levels and for maintaining specific global acetylations at lysine 8 of histone 4 (H4K8ac) in the central nervous system (CNS). In addition, flies conditionally compromised for the adult-expression of CBP display an altered geotaxis behavior that may reflect a neurological defect. Conclusions/Significance: Our data support a model in which Psn regulates CBP levels in the adult fly brain in a manner that is independent of Notch signaling. Although we do not understand the molecular mechanism underlying th

A Novel Ecdysone Receptor Mediates Steroid-Regulated Developmental Events during the Mid-Third Instar of Drosophila

The larval salivary gland of Drosophila melanogaster synthesizes and secretes glue glycoproteins that cement developing animals to a solid surface during metamorphosis. The steroid hormone 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E) is an essential signaling molecule that modulates most of the physiological functions of the larval gland. At the end of larval development, it is known that 20E—signaling through a nuclear receptor heterodimer consisting of EcR and USP—induces the early and late puffing cascade of the polytene chromosomes and causes the exocytosis of stored glue granules into the lumen of the gland. It has also been reported that an earlier pulse of hormone induces the temporally and spatially specific transcriptional activation of the glue genes; however, the receptor responsible for triggering this response has not been characterized. Here we show that the coordinated expression of the glue genes midway through the third instar is mediated by 20E acting to induce genes of the Broad Complex (BRC) through a receptor that is not an EcR/USP heterodimer. This result is novel because it demonstrates for the first time that at least some 20E-mediated, mid-larval, developmental responses are controlled by an uncharacterized receptor that does not contain an RXR-like component

Analysis of Inorganic Binder Bridges Destruction after Thermal Load

Recently, the use of inorganic binders cured by heat as a progressive technology for large scale production of cores is widely discussed topic in aluminium foundries. As practical experiences show, knock-out properties of inorganic binders were significantly increased, although they cannot overcome organic based binder systems. This paper contains information about hot curing processes based on alkali silicate and geopolymer binder systems for core making. Main differences between hot cured geopolymers and hot cured alkali silicate based inorganic binders are discussed. Theory of geopolymer binder states, that binder bridge destruction is mainly of adhesive character. The main aim of this research paper was to examine binder bridge destruction of alkali silicate and geopolymer binder systems. In order to fulfil this objective, sample parts were submitted to defined thermal load, broken and by using SEM analysis, binder bridge destruction mechanism was observed. Results showed that geopolymer binder system examined within this investigation does not have mainly adhesive destruction of binder bridges, however the ratio of adhesive-cohesive to cohesive destruction is higher than by use of alkali silicate based binder systems, therefore better knock-out properties can be expected

Burrs from Cores Produced by Cold-Box- Amine Method and Possibility of their Elimination in Eurocast Košice s.r.o. Company

Foundry industry belongs toward key branch with important meaning for different manufacturing industries. Liquid metal is casting in foundry, which makes cast stock with weight from several grams till several ton [1]. To achieve asking qualities of the product is needed know abundance technological a technical process and progress, but in spite of long – term development foundry industry there occur some question marks, that need answer. Characteristic defect castings of ferrous alloys, which often accompanies the use of amine - Cold box cores are flash gutters. Survey, it was found that 77 % of those surveyed foundries have problems with burrs, 71 % foundries solves this problem (or try to tackle) protivýronkovými ingredients in nuclear and molding compounds , but only 29 % considered their "antivýronkovú" method for successful and favorable

Analiza numeryczna wpływu przeniesionej zmiany kąta nachylenia na główne naprężenia w rejonie styku

Article deals with influence of mutual slewing of roller bearing rings on the principal stresses and their distribution at the contact area. Profile of rolling element is logarithmic. Roller bearing has been loaded by maximum specified load only in radial direction according to the ISO/TS 16281. In practice, the real roller bearings are not loaded only in the radial direction. Therefore, the angle alfa has been gradually slewed from alfa = 0' to 8' and equivalent principal stresses have been evaluated. This change influenced on contact conditions and contact stress distribution has changed.Artykuł jest poświęcony wpływom nachylenia pierścieni łożyska walcowego na wielkość i rozłożenie trzech głównych naprężeń na płaszczyźnie styku. Profil łożyska tocznego (walca) jest logarytmiczny. Łożysko walcowe zostało obciążone maksymalnym dopuszczalnym obciążeniem statycznym wyłącznie w kierunku promienia, zgodnie z normą ISO/TS 16281. W praktyce realne łożyska walcowe nie są obciążane wyłącznie w kierunku promienia, dlatego też kąt nachylenia pierścieni łożyska walcowego alfa stopniowo zmieniał się od alfa = 0' do 8', a odpowiednie główne naprężenia były oceniane dla poszczególnych położeń. Zmiana ta miała wpływ na warunki styku oraz na zmianę rozłożenia naprężeń podczas styku