Fenntartható gazdálkodási rendszerek a Közép-magyarországi Régióban

Az ökológiai gazdálkodás azon fenntartható gazdálkodási rendszerek csoportja, melyekben magas tápértékű, minősített és ellenőrzött, kiváló élelmiszereket állítanak elő. Az Európai Unióban is évről évre nő a jelentősége és az ilyen módon művelt területek nagysága, valamint az ilyen módszerrel előállított élelmiszerek piaci szerepe. A magyar helyzet átfogó jellemzésére az első minősítő és tanácsadó szervezetek megalakulása óta nem volt példa. Kutatásunkban arra teszünk kísérletet, hogy a Közép-magyarországi Régióban tevékenykedő ökológiai gazdálkodást folytató termelőket, ökológiai termékek feldolgozását végző, illetve ökológiai termékekkel kereskedő vállalkozásokat elemezzük, vizsgáljuk

Comparative analysis of the relationship between phenological phenomena and meteorological indicators based on insect and plant monitoring

Climate change is one of the biggest environmental problems of the 21st century. The most sensitive indicators of the effects of the climatic changes are phenological processes of the biota. The effects of climate change which were observed the earliest are the remarkable changes in the phenology (i.e. the timing of the phenophases) of the plants and animals, which have been systematically monitored later. In our research we searched for the answer: which meteorological factors show the strongest statistical relationships with phenological phenomena based on some chosen plant and insect species (in case of which large phenological databases are available). Our study was based on two large databases: one of them is the Lepidoptera database of the Hungarian Plant Protection and Forestry Light Trap Network, the other one is the Geophytes Phenology Database of the Botanical Garden of Eötvös Loránd University. In the case of butterflies, statistically defined phenological dates were determined based on the daily collection data, while in the case of plants, observation data on blooming were available. The same meteorological indicators were applied for both groups in our study. On the basis of the data series, analyses of correlation were carried out and a new indicator, the so-called G index was introduced, summing up the number of correlations which were found to be significant on the different levels of significance. In our present study we compare the significant meteorological factors and analyse the differences based on the correlation data on plants and butterflies. Data on butterflies are much more varied regarding the effectiveness of the meteorological factors

Knowledge brokers in the heart of Europe: International Student and Faculty Mobility in Hungarian Higher Education

Until the late 1980s a Soviet-type interpretation of internationalization was used in Hungary, which isolated countries of the communist bloc within the Iron Curtain. In 1993, after the democratic transformation, a new Higher Education Act was passed. Although the first democratic government started to replace the old type of higher education policy with a European one, the internationalization process progressed slowly. Hungarian education policy puts a special emphasis on internationalization strategies based mainly on the encouragement of individual mobility. However, the socio-economic disadvantages of Hungarian population compared to Western Europeans reduce the efficiency of these endeavors. This paper describes four aspects of higher education internationalization in Hungary drawing from a review of prior research and analysis of survey data: 1) the political and institutional context of higher education internationalization in Hungary; 2) the mobility of Hungarian faculty and researchers; 3) the outbound mobility of Hungarian students; and 4) incoming student mobility to Hungarian universities. Our paper is a significant contribution to the literature, because (1) we use the actor centered approach of internationalization (2) we not only analyze national and international statistics, but also we drew our conclusions from original survey data, that is we are able to summarize the individual motives and obstacles as well