Uso de RPAS (Remotely Piloted Aircraft System) para la docencia y divulgación de las Ciencias de la Tierra

Proyecto de Innovación docente enfocado a la elaboración de material audiovisual digital modular basado en las imágenes obtenidas con dron y enfocado a la enseñanza a nivel de grado y master, así como a la divulgación científica.Depto. de Geodinámica, Estratigrafía y PaleontologíaFac. de Ciencias GeológicasFALSEsubmitte

RPAS (Remotely Piloted Aircraft Systems) para la elaboración de salidas de campo virtuales como recursos docentes “flipped classroom” para Grados relacionados con Ciencias de la Tierra

El principal objetivo del Proyecto es continuar con el desarrollo de material docente geológico y de recorridos de interés geológico virtuales además del uso de RPAS (Remotely Piloted Aircraft System) aeronaves no tripuladas que permiten acercarse a zonas de difícil accesibilidad. Este proyecto pretende desarrollar prácticas de campo virtuales mediante el manejo de nuevas tecnologías, tanto usando métodos de adquisición y elaboración de datos geológicos (RPAS: Remotely Piloted Aircraft System) como para su presentación y uso de la información y comunicación (TICs)

Long-Term Behavior of the Micro-Texture of Aggregates Used on Roads Subjected to Extreme Climate Conditions and Winter Maintenance Operations

The micro-texture of fine and coarse aggregates used on roads is one of the main factors responsible for the skid resistance of asphalt pavements. However, the long-term behavior of this property regarding the effects of traffic and climate conditions has been poorly studied. Therefore, in this paper, two types of aggregates, schist and amphibolite, commonly used on roads that are subjected to winter maintenance actions and high temperatures in summer have been studied. The micro-texture of the aggregates has been characterized with an optical roughness tester, fluorescence microscopy and the Polished Stone Value test. The extreme climate conditions have been simulated in a laboratory with durability tests (freeze-thawing and thermal stress cycles) including the NaCl used as deicer during winter maintenance operations. Results have shown that the wearing mechanisms of the aggregates? surfaces are different regarding their composition and internal texture. On schist aggregates, weather conditions applied do not significantly deteriorate their micro-texture. However, the combined effect of traffic and extreme climate conditions with NaCl, double the decrease of the surface roughness measured when these aggregates are subjected to extreme climate conditions in the laboratory, improving, in some cases, their skid resistance. Conversely, the external factors considered have the same effect on the micro-texture of the analyzed amphibolite aggregate

Thermal stress-induced microcracking in building granite

Microcracking induced by wide fluctuations in temperature affects granite quality and durability, making the stone more vulnerable to decay. Determining the extent of that effect is not always straightforward, however, given the excellent durability of these materials.Four types of construction granite quarried in the region of Madrid, Spain, and frequently used in both the built heritage and in de novo construction (Alpedrete, Cadalso de los Vidrios, Colmenar Viejo and Zarzalejo) were exposed to 42 thermal cycles (105-20 °C; UNE-EN, 14066, 2003). Petrographic and petrophysical properties were analysed using both destructive and non-destructive techniques. Microcracking generated in the granite stones by 42 thermal cycles had barely any impact on their petrophysical properties, which are the parameters normally assessed to establish material quality and durability. Their petrographic properties, which are not generally assessed in this type of studies, were affected, however. This study contends that petrographic analysis is needed to objectively quantify the actual quality and durability of the most highly resistant materials when petrophysical studies are inconclusive. Petrographic and fluorescence microscopy, along with fractography, are among the most prominent techniques for petrographic exploration. Thanks to the deployment of these techniques, mineral microcracking could be monitored throughout the present tests conducted.The microscopic findings revealed substantial micro-textural and microstructural change in and around the granite minerals, which play a prominent role in decay. The findings showed that pre-existing microcracks coalesced and generated further microcracking as decay progressed. Microcracking was most intense in Zarzalejo granite due to its textural characteristics determined by its high feldspar content. Microscopic observation revealed that the microstructure of feldspar minerals, with their crystallographic anisotropies and secondary mineral phases, favoured microcrack development. Zarzalejo granite exhibited lower quality and durability than Colmenar Viejo and Cadalso de los Vidrios granites, which were more resistant to heat treatment

Determination of anisotropy to enhance the durability of natural stone

Received 30 November 2010 / Accepted for publication 8 July 2011 / Published 23 August 2011 /Online at stacks.iop.org/JGE/8/S132 Copyright © 2011, Oxford University Press © 2011 NanjingGeophysical Research InstituteAnisotropy is a petrophysical property of natural stone and other construction materials thatdetermines their quality and resistance to decay due to a variety of agents, such as water. A studywas conducted on nine types of stone widely used in Spain’s built heritage, using six previouslydefined anisotropy indices. These indices can be used to determine the degree of anisotropy,which helps explain the differential decay observed in stone materials quarried in the same bedand used to build the same structure. The conclusion reached is that anisotropy should bedetermined in the natural stone used both to restore the architectural heritage and in newconstruction, since the appropriate choice of material quality ensures greater resistance to decayand, therefore, increased durability. Materials with the lowest possible anisotropy should beselected, as this property governs their hydraulic behaviour: the lower the anisotropy in amaterial, the better its behaviour in relation to water and the longer its durability.Comunidad de Madrid (España)Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia (España)Depto. de Mineralogía y PetrologíaFac. de Ciencias GeológicasTRUEpu

Provenance of construction stone from the Wall of Plasencia, Cáceres

Cuando se aborda la restauración del Patrimonio arquitectónico y se piensa en la posibilidad de llevar a cabo tareas de sustitución de materiales pétreos muy degradados, es imprescindible realizar estas actuaciones con un material muy similar, en cuanto a características petrofísicas y geoquímicas se refiere, para evitar incompatibilidades de materiales y con ello una aceleración de deterioro del monumento. La localización de las canteras que abastecieron de materia prima a un monumento es de importancia para poder abordar los trabajos de restauración y conservación del Patrimonio arquitectónico. La piedra de construcción utilizada en la Muralla de Plasencia está constituida mayoritariamente por mampuestos de granito de dos micas de carácter porfídico. Las características petrográficas, geoquímicas y petrofísicas del granito han permitido localizar canteras de las que se pudieron abastecer. Estas canteras son las que se denominan actualmente como Cantera Codillo de San Antón y la Cantera de BerrocalRestoration of Heritage Patrimony by substitution of very degraded stony materials requires very similar materials, with similar petrophysical and geochemical characteristics, so as to avoid not compatible materials and the acceleration of deterioration of the monument. The location of the quarries that supplied with raw material the monuments is very important in restoration and conservation works of Heritage Patrimony. The construction stone used in the wall of Plasencia is mainly constituted by blocks of porphyric two-mica granites. Knowledge on petrographical, geochemical and petrophyscical characteristics of granites allow locating the quarries that could supply the appropriate material for restoration works. These quarries are “Cantera Codillo San Antón” and “Cantera Berrocal”.INTROMACMATERNAS (0505/MAT/0094)MINISTERIO DE EDUCACIÓN Y CIENCIA (CSD2007-0058)Depto. de Mineralogía y PetrologíaFac. de Ciencias GeológicasTRUEpu

Adaptation of the Atlas of Sedimentary Petrology (http://www.ucm.es/info/petrosed) to Open Educational Resources (OER)

Se ha llevado a cabo la reconstrucción parcial de la web docente de Petrología Sedimentaria (en la actualidad pendiente de migración) http://www.ucm.es/info/petrosed a la nueva plataforma de Recursos Educativos en Abierto (REA) de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, con la finalidad de conseguir una vía de mayor alcance y difusión universitaria dentro del Espacio Europeo de Enseñanza Superior (EEES)Depto. de Mineralogía y PetrologíaFac. de Ciencias GeológicasFALSEsubmitte

Inmersive Virtual Reality: virtual tours and 3D geological models for teaching and knowledge transference of geological materials for Geosciences degrees

El principal objetivo de este proyecto era obtener la inmersión de alumnado en prácticas de campo mediante realidad virtual (RV) y la utilización de Modelos 3D de distintos afloramientos y muestras rocosas. Ambos materiales son utilizados en docencia mediante tecnologías de la información y comunicación (TICs). Los recorridos de realidad virtual (VR) y los modelos-3D de material geológico crean un entorno inmersivo y realista para fomentar el aprendizaje de los alumnos (Herrero et al., 2022), y sirven como guía para realizar las mismas observaciones que se harían en la realidad, y ofrecen una alternativa rentable y sin riesgos: ofrecen oportunidades únicas para incorporar actividades y características que no están disponibles en el campo y ofrecen un recurso de aprendizaje más integrado y flexible, de forma que se facilita una comprensión integral del entorno a la vez que se observan características particularesUCMDepto. de Mineralogía y PetrologíaFac. de Ciencias GeológicasFALSEsubmitte

Extended reality: virtual tours and 3D geological models for Earth Sciences Degrees

Salidas de campo virtuales, modelos 3D, dron y videos 360º. Recorridos en realidad virtual (RV): simulación generada por ordenador de una imagen o entorno tridimensional. Se interactúa de forma aparentemente real mediante equipamiento electrónico. El uso de las salidas de campo virtuales y los materiales 3D mediante TICs tanto en ordenadores como en dispositivos móviles permiten abordar limitaciones de tiempo y espacio en entornos de aprendizaje diversos, posibilitando contenidos didácticos que son inaccesibles de otro modo y permite que haya una continuidad fuera del aula. Con el uso de las TICs también se complementa la formación por medio de la adquisición de habilidades y competencias tecnológicasVirtual field trips, 3D models, drone and 360º videos. Virtual Reality (VR) Tours: A computer-generated simulation of a three-dimensional image or environment. It interacts in an apparently real way through electronic equipment. The use of virtual field trips and 3D materials through ICTs both on computers and mobile devices allow addressing time and space limitations in diverse learning environments, enabling educational content that is otherwise inaccessible and allowing continuity outside from the classroom. With the use of ICTs, training is also complemented through the acquisition of technological skills and competencies.Depto. de Mineralogía y PetrologíaFac. de Ciencias GeológicasFALSEProyecto Innovación Docente UCMsubmitte