95 research outputs found
Biofabrication of customized bone grafts by combination of additive manufacturing and bioreactor knowhow
This study reports on an original concept of additive manufacturing for the fabrication of
tissue engineered constructs (TEC), offering the possibility of concomitantly manufacturing a
customized scaffold and a bioreactor chamber to any size and shape. As a proof of concept
towards the development of anatomically relevant TECs, this concept was utilized for the
design and fabrication of a highly porous sheep tibia scaffold around which a bioreactor
chamber of similar shape was simultaneously built. The morphology of the bioreactor/scaffold
device was investigated by micro-computed tomography and scanning electron microscopy
confirming the porous architecture of the sheep tibiae as opposed to the non-porous nature of
the bioreactor chamber. Additionally, this study demonstrates that both the shape, as well as
the inner architecture of the device can significantly impact the perfusion of fluid within the
scaffold architecture. Indeed, fluid flow modelling revealed that this was of significant
importance for controlling the nutrition flow pattern within the scaffold and the bioreactor
chamber, avoiding the formation of stagnant flow regions detrimental for in vitro tissue
development. The bioreactor/scaffold device was dynamically seeded with human primary
osteoblasts and cultured under bi-directional perfusion for two and six weeks. Primary human
osteoblasts were observed homogenously distributed throughout the scaffold, and were viable
for the six week culture period. This work demonstrates a novel application for additive
manufacturing in the development of scaffolds and bioreactors. Given the intrinsic flexibility
of the additive manufacturing technology platform developed, more complex culture systems
can be fabricated which would contribute to the advances in customized and patient-specific
tissue engineering strategies for a wide range of applications.This work was supported by the NHMRC, the Australian Research Council and Hans Fischer Senior Fellowship, IAS-TUM. Pedro Costa acknowledges the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology for his PhD grant (SFRH/BD/62452/2009)
3D‐printed cryomilled poly(ε‐caprolactone)/graphene composite scaffolds for bone tissue regeneration
In this study, composite scaffolds based on poly(caprolactone) (PCL) and non-covalently functionalized few-layer graphene (FLG) were manufactured by an extrusion-based system for the first time. For that, functionalized FLG powder was obtained through the evaporation of a functionalized FLG aqueous suspension prepared from a graphite precursor. Cryomilling was shown to be an efficient mixing method, producing a homogeneous dispersion of FLG particles onto the PCL polymeric matrix. Thereafter, fused deposition modeling (FDM) was used to print 3D scaffolds and their morphology, thermal, biodegradability, mechanical, and cytotoxicity properties were analysed. The presence of functionalized FLG demonstrated to induce slight changes in the microstructure of the scaffold, did not affect the thermal stability and enhanced significantly the compressive modulus. The composite scaffolds presented a porosity of around 40% and a mean pore size in the range of 300 μm. The cell viability and proliferation of SaOs-2 cells were assessed and the results showed good cell viability and long-term proliferation onto produced composite scaffolds. Therefore, these new FLG/PCL scaffolds comprised adequate morphological, thermal, mechanical, and biological properties to be
used in bone tissue regeneration.The authors acknowledge the Portuguese Foundation for Science and
Technology (FCT), the European program FEDER/COMPETE for the
financial support through project LA ICVS/3Bs - 2015-2017 and to
IPC (UID/CTM/50025/2013 and UID/CTM/50025/2016), and the
scholarship SFRH/BD/87214/2012 granted to Eunice Cunha. Daniela
Dias acknowledges the mobility grant from the BEAM project- Biomedical Engineering-EU Australian cooperation at master level, ICIECP Education Cooperation Programme (388414-EM-January
1, 2014-IT-ERA MUNDUS-ICIJMP). We also acknowledge Prof.
Dietmar W. Hutmacher that kindly hosts Daniela Dias in the IHBI
laboratory
Use of anticoagulants and antiplatelet agents in stable outpatients with coronary artery disease and atrial fibrillation. International CLARIFY registry
The DAily Home LIfe Activity Dataset: A High Semantic Activity Dataset for Online Recognition
Conference of 12th IEEE International Conference on Automatic Face and Gesture Recognition, FG 2017 ; Conference Date: 30 May 2017 Through 3 June 2017; Conference Code:128713International audienceIn this article, we introduce the DAily Home LIfe Activity (DAHLIA) Dataset, a new dataset adapted to the context of smart-home or video-assistance. Videos were recorded in realistic conditions, with 3 KinectTMv2 sensors located as they would be in a real context. The very long-range activities were performed in an unconstrained way (participants received few instructions), and in a continuous (untrimmed) sequence, resulting in long videos (39 min in average per subject). Contrary to previously published databases, in which labeled actions are very short and with low-semantic level, this new database focuses on high-level semantic activities such as 'Preparing lunch' or 'House Working'. As a baseline, we evaluated several metrics on three different algorithms designed for online action recognition or detection
Bioengineering Ligament Tissue Construct by Combining Cell Sheet Technology and Electrospinning
The effect of collector type on the physical, chemical, and biological properties of polycaprolactone/gelatin/nano‐hydroxyapatite electrospun scaffold
Melt electrospun calcium phosphate coated scaffolds accelerate ectopic bone formation in the context of a long term cultured cellular construct
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