Glucose tolerance test (GTT) and Insulin tolerance test (ITT) of <i>Wdr13</i> knockout mice.

<p>A) GTT at 2 months on normal chow (n = 8–12). B) GTT at 12 months on normal chow (n = 8–10). C) Glucose tolerance test at 6 months on high fat diet (n = 8). D) ITT at 2 months on normal chow (n = 8–12). E) ITT at 12 months on normal chow (n = 8–10). F) Insulin tolerance test at 6 months on high fat diet (n = 8) G) ITT at 9 months on high fat diet (n = 6–8). (+/0 wild type male; −/0 knockout male).</p

Generation of <i>Wdr</i>13 knockout mice.

<p>A) Exon2 and exon3 (partial) of <i>Wdr</i>13 gene were replaced by neomycin resistance marker gene. B) Southern blot analysis showing 9.3 kb <i>Eco</i>RI fragment from the wild type allele and 3.8 kb fragment from the mutant allele using a 700 bp probe from 5′ end of the locus. C) Northern blot analysis by <i>Wdr</i>13 cDNA probe showing the absence of <i>Wdr</i>13 transcript in <i>Wdr</i>13−/0 mice (upper panel) and ethidium bromide staining as loading control (lower panel). D) Western blot analysis from testis, pancreas and purified islets using anti-WDR13 rabbit polyclonal antibody (upper panel) showing the absence of WDR13 protein in <i>Wdr</i>13−/0 mice, and anti-beta actin as loading control (lower panel). The expression of WDR13 is extremely high in islets in comparison to acinar cells. E) Expression of WDR13 protein in insulin sensitive tissues such as liver, pancreas, muscle and adipose tissues using anti WDR13 antibody (upper panel) and posceau stained blot as loading control (lower panel). (+/0 wild type male; −/0 knockout male).</p

Histology of pancreatic islet, pancreatic beta cell proliferation, in-vivo and in-vitro insulin secretion in <i>Wdr</i>13 knockout mice.

<p>A) Islet morphology showing increased islet mass by H&E staining. B) Islet mass in mg at 6 months on high fat diet showing increased total islet mass in <i>Wdr</i>13 knockout mice (n = 4). C) Percent of dividing cells in islets by BrdU labeling (n = 309–517). D) Analysis of pancreatic beta cells proliferation analysis by BrdU labeling showing more proliferating beta cells in <i>Wdr13</i> knockout islets. E) In-vivo insulin secretion in response to glucose at 6 months (n = 4 to 6). F) In-vitro insulin secretion from isolated pancreatic islet of the wild type and <i>Wdr</i>13 knockout mice at 2.8 mM or 16 mM glucose concentration (+/0 wild type male; −/0 knockout male).</p